scholarly journals Beyond Religiosity: A Model to Explain Spirituality Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 413-414
Author(s):  
Carlyn Vogel ◽  
Debra Dobbs ◽  
Brent Small
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Good Life ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
College Experience ◽  
The United States ◽  
Strong Connection ◽  
Deep Appreciation ◽  
The World ◽  
High Level

Abstract Spirituality is difficult to define as researchers assign it different meanings and individuals’ perceptions can vary. For example, spirituality may connect to religiosity, while others consider religiosity a less significant part of spirituality. This study investigates factors outside of religiosity that are significantly associated with spirituality to inform the characteristics of the concept. Webster’s (2004) existential framework of spirituality was used to guide variable selection. The National Survey of Midlife in the United States wave three (MIDUS 3; 2013-2014; n = 2,594; Mage = 63.5, SD = 11, range = 39–92) was used to examine individuals’ reported levels of spirituality. Multinomial logistic regression was conducted to examine factors related to low and high levels of spirituality compared to a moderate level. Participants with low spirituality were more likely to be male, less likely to be mindful, mediate/chant, feel a strong connection to all life, to indicate that they cannot make sense of the world, and to be religious. Participants with high spirituality were more likely to be female, have at least some college experience, be mindful, meditate/chant, feel deep inner peace, have a sense of deep appreciation, think that a sense of purpose is important for a good life, and have a high level of religiosity. Framed by Webster’s conceptual model, the current study observed that religiosity is significantly associated with spirituality and that other mindfulness-based aspects are also present within this concept. Incorporating mindfulness with religious efforts will more accurately and holistically address spirituality.

Spaces of Intentionality: Race, Class, and Horizontality at the United States Social Forum

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Juris
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Open Space ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Social Forum ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Democratic Practice ◽  
The World ◽  
High Level

The World Social Forum process has sought to provide an "open space" for diverse movements to exchange ideas, interact, and coordinate as they build another world. Despite this inclusive impulse, many of the forums have been disproportionately white and middle class. Through an ethnographic account of the 2007 United States Social Forum (USSF) in Atlanta, I examine one high-profile attempt to overcome this lack of diversity by establishing what I refer to as an "intentional" space. I argue that the intentional strategy pursued by USSF organizers achieved a high level of diversity in racial and class terms, but de-emphasized the role of the forum as a "contact zone" for translation, sharing, and exchange among diverse movement sectors. However, given the strong desire to overcome past exclusions among participants, the privileging of intentionality over openness and horizontality was widely viewed as legitimate, which has important implications for democratic practice.

Vigilantism in Comparative Perspective

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ray Abrahams
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Good Life ◽  
The United States ◽  
Twilight Zone ◽  
The Good Life ◽  
Resistance Movements ◽  
The World ◽  
Thing In Itself

Vigilantes have arisen at many times in different regions of the world, taking the law into their own hands as defenders, often by force, of their view of the good life against those they see to be its enemies. They have a strong attraction for some commentators and they rouse equally strong hostility in others. For yet others, who attempt to take a broader view, they are a source of deep ambivalence. Academic interest in the phenomenon has grown strongly over recent years, and this has contributed significantly to an increase in knowledge of its distribution beyond the bounds of western Europe, the United States, and particularly in many parts of Africa. Although vigilantes are most commonly male, increased evidence of women’s vigilantism has also come to light in recent years. Vigilantism is difficult to define in rigorous terms, partly because of general problems of comparative study, but there are also special reasons in this case. Vigilantism is not so much a thing in itself as a fundamentally relational phenomenon which only makes sense in relation to the formal institutions of the state. It is in several ways a frontier phenomenon, occupying an awkward borderland between law and illegality. Many of its manifestations are short-lived and unstable, nor is it always what it claims to be. For these reasons, definitions of vigilantism are best treated as an “ideal type,” which real cases may be expected to approximate to or depart from. This approach provides the possibility of comparing different cases of vigilantism and also allows one to explore the differences and similarities between it and other “dwellers in the twilight zone,” such as social bandits, mafias, guerrillas, and resistance movements.

Foreign Agent Registration Schemes in Australia and the United States: The Scope, Risk and Limitations of Transparency

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Draffen ◽  
Yee-Fui Ng
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Foreign Agent ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
New Public ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Foreign Influence ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
High Level

Regulators and governments around the world have been active of late in considering the best method by which to hold accountable foreign influence on political processes. Australia’s response to this issue was to pass a package of laws, including the Foreign Influence Transparency Scheme Act (‘FITSA’), which creates a new public register for those acting on behalf of a foreign principal. This article compares FITSA against the US Act on which it is based: the Foreign Agents Registration Act (‘FARA’). It shows that, largely, FITSA is better targeted than FARA towards ensuring that actors that merit registration are caught by its provisions. However, FITSA does not entirely address the potential risks inherent in this style of law. The authors argue that despite the objective of transparency inherent in such schemes, they may ultimately have a disproportionate effect on actors with access to fewer resources. Accordingly, the article proposes high-level principles to rethink this form of regulation based on refocusing foreign agent schemes to their underlying justification, recasting the regulatory net, and recalibrating discussions about ‘foreigners’.

Executive Insights: The Super Sales Force—Politicians in the World Market

1996 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 73-87
Author(s):  
Alan J. Dubinsky ◽  
Abdalla Hanafy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Market ◽  
Sales Force ◽  
Anecdotal Evidence ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
The World ◽  
Balance Of Trade ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Government

Exporting has become a popular means for businesses to augment sales and profitability and for countries to improve their gross domestic product and balance of trade. As a complement to export selling, high-level government officials increasingly are providing export promotional assistance to their nations’ industries. Much of what is known about this “high-level government selling, “ however, is based on conventional wisdom and anecdotal evidence. This article reports the results of a study that examined non-U.S. politicians’ export selling efforts. Data were obtained from surveys of foreign embassy diplomats in the United States. Findings offer insights into what government officials are doing to stimulate sales of their countries’ exports.

LGBT OLDER ADULTS, CHOSEN FAMILY, AND CAREGIVING

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy J. Knauer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Elder Care ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Lgbt Community ◽  
Bisexual And Transgender ◽  
High Level

AbstractIn the United States, informal elder care is principally the responsibility of younger relatives. Adult children perform the majority of elder care and non-relatives perform only 14 percent of care. Caregiving in the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender, or LGBT, community follows a very different pattern that reflects the importance of “chosen family” in the lives of LGBT older adults. Instead of relying on relatives, LGBT older adults largely care for each other. Relatives provide only 11 percent of all elder care. This article explores the high level of caregiving by non-relatives in the LGBT community. It asks what motivates friends, neighbors, and community members to provide care for someone whom the law considers a legal stranger. It also asks what steps policy makers can take to facilitate and encourage this type of caregiving. Finally, it asks what lessons can be learned from LGBT older adults about the nature of both caregiving and community. As the aging population becomes more diverse, aging policies will have to become more inclusive to address the differing needs of various communities, including LGBT older adults. The potential lessons learned from the pattern of elder care in the LGBT community, however, extend far beyond a simple commitment to diversity.

scholarly journals Has Robert Parker lost his hegemony as a prescriptor in the wine World? A preliminar inquiry through Twitter

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina I. Font-Julian ◽  
Raúl Compés-López ◽  
Enrique Orduna-Malea
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prima Facie ◽  
Low Level ◽  
The World ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Online Strategy ◽  
High Level

The aim of this work is to determine to what extent Robert Parker has lost his influence as a prescriber in the world of wine through a webometric analysis based on a comparative analysis of Parker’s web influence and that of a competitor who represents an anthitetical vision of the world of wine (Alice Feiring). To do this, we carried out a comparative analysis for Parker’s (@wine_advocate) and Alice Feiring’s (@alicefeiring) official Twitter accounts, including a broad set of metrics (productivity, age, Social Activity, number of followees, etc.), paying special attention to specific followers’ features (age, gender, location, and bios text). The results show that Parker’s twitter profile exhibits an overall higher impact, which denotes not only a different online strategy but also a high level of engagement and popularity. The low level of shared followers by Parker and Feiring (1,898 users) offer prima facie evidence of an online gap between these followers, which can indicate the existence of a divided group of supporters corresponding with the visions that Parker and Feiring represent. Finally, special features are notice for Feiring in gender (more women followers), language (more English-speaking followers) and country (more followers from the United States).

Governmental and Cultural Factors in Broadband Adoption

2011 ◽  
pp. 260-277
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Fife ◽  
Laura Hosman ◽  
Francis Pereira
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Broadband Internet ◽  
The World ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
High Level

Though the potential benefits of broadband Internet adoption are great, the levels of take-up vary greatly around the world. Some governments have adopted aggressive policies to deploy broadband networks and to encourage the use of these applications, while others have not. In the former cases, governments are motivated to promote broadband adoption in order to realize both economic and social benefits. This chapter argues that the high level of broadband adoption rates witnessed in certain Asian economies is attributable in part to the aggressive policies pursued by these governments. Independent of these policies however, social factors can also have an impact on whether broadband-related technology will be adopted. Even if economic and social benefits exist therefore, as in the case of telemedicine in the United States, cultural and social factors may in fact hinder the deployment of such applications and retard the growth rate of broadband access.

scholarly journals Astronomy in American Textbooks

1990 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 201-205
Author(s):  
Jay M. Pasachoff
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
University Students ◽  
Junior High ◽  
The United States ◽  
College And University ◽  
The World ◽  
High Level

Over the last dozen years, I have written textbooks on a variety of levels, starting with books for university students, proceeding to work with Naomi Pasachoff on books on the junior-high level, and, most recently, working with her and with others on an elementary-school series. I can testify that, in the United States, at least, the world of college and university texts is as different from the world of “el-hi” (elementary-high) texts as night is from day.

Multilingualism in the Canadian Context

1985 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 113-131
Author(s):  
Alison d'Anglejan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Industrial Areas ◽  
Cultural Heterogeneity ◽  
Canadian Context ◽  
Geographic Diversity ◽  
The World ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Statistics Canada ◽  
High Level

One of the most salient characteristics of the Canadian federation is its linguistic, cultural, and geographic diversity. The second largest country in the world, Canada's population of 24,343,180 (Statistics Canada 1981) is irregularly dispersed, with enclaves of high density in the industrial areas along the United States border and vast sparsely inhabited areas in the central prairies and northern regions. These geographic facts, coupled with a high level of cultural heterogeneity, are reflected in a tendency toward the decentralization of political powers and in regional distinctiveness and autonomy.

The Jurisdictional Immunities of International Organizations

2020 ◽  
pp. 411-432
Author(s):  
David P. Stewart ◽  
Ingrid Wuerth
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Foreign Relations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
Domestic Courts ◽  
The World ◽  
High Level ◽  
Private Litigation

This chapter focuses on developments in the law of international organization (IO) immunity, focusing on the United States. As international entities, IOs are generally entitled to some measure of immunity from the jurisdiction of domestic courts. Immunity allows IOs to fulfill their missions without interference from the domestic courts of the countries in which they locate and operate. As IOs grew, the domestic and international legal regulation of their activities also expanded. A variety of social harms were increasingly addressed by positive law and resolved through private litigation, both in the United States and around the world. As a consequence of these developments, immunity for IOs today may shield them from more conduct that would otherwise be actionable in court than it did when most treaties and statutes conferring IO immunity were adopted. In addition, the immunity of foreign states has generally become subject to more exceptions during this period, another factor that makes absolute immunity for IOs appear anomalous to some observers, despite the differences between IOs and foreign states. Although IOs generally remain entitled to a high level of immunity in the United States as they do around the world, cases in the United States and elsewhere have begun to indicate ways in which that immunity will be limited going forward. The chapter then suggests that the Fourth Restatement of Foreign Relations Law take up the topic of IO immunity.

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