Governmental and Cultural Factors in Broadband Adoption

2011 ◽  
pp. 260-277
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Fife ◽  
Laura Hosman ◽  
Francis Pereira
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Broadband Internet ◽  
The World ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
High Level

Though the potential benefits of broadband Internet adoption are great, the levels of take-up vary greatly around the world. Some governments have adopted aggressive policies to deploy broadband networks and to encourage the use of these applications, while others have not. In the former cases, governments are motivated to promote broadband adoption in order to realize both economic and social benefits. This chapter argues that the high level of broadband adoption rates witnessed in certain Asian economies is attributable in part to the aggressive policies pursued by these governments. Independent of these policies however, social factors can also have an impact on whether broadband-related technology will be adopted. Even if economic and social benefits exist therefore, as in the case of telemedicine in the United States, cultural and social factors may in fact hinder the deployment of such applications and retard the growth rate of broadband access.

scholarly journals Beyond Religiosity: A Model to Explain Spirituality Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 413-414
Author(s):  
Carlyn Vogel ◽  
Debra Dobbs ◽  
Brent Small
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Good Life ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
College Experience ◽  
The United States ◽  
Strong Connection ◽  
Deep Appreciation ◽  
The World ◽  
High Level

Abstract Spirituality is difficult to define as researchers assign it different meanings and individuals’ perceptions can vary. For example, spirituality may connect to religiosity, while others consider religiosity a less significant part of spirituality. This study investigates factors outside of religiosity that are significantly associated with spirituality to inform the characteristics of the concept. Webster’s (2004) existential framework of spirituality was used to guide variable selection. The National Survey of Midlife in the United States wave three (MIDUS 3; 2013-2014; n = 2,594; Mage = 63.5, SD = 11, range = 39–92) was used to examine individuals’ reported levels of spirituality. Multinomial logistic regression was conducted to examine factors related to low and high levels of spirituality compared to a moderate level. Participants with low spirituality were more likely to be male, less likely to be mindful, mediate/chant, feel a strong connection to all life, to indicate that they cannot make sense of the world, and to be religious. Participants with high spirituality were more likely to be female, have at least some college experience, be mindful, meditate/chant, feel deep inner peace, have a sense of deep appreciation, think that a sense of purpose is important for a good life, and have a high level of religiosity. Framed by Webster’s conceptual model, the current study observed that religiosity is significantly associated with spirituality and that other mindfulness-based aspects are also present within this concept. Incorporating mindfulness with religious efforts will more accurately and holistically address spirituality.

Spaces of Intentionality: Race, Class, and Horizontality at the United States Social Forum

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Juris
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Open Space ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Social Forum ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Democratic Practice ◽  
The World ◽  
High Level

The World Social Forum process has sought to provide an "open space" for diverse movements to exchange ideas, interact, and coordinate as they build another world. Despite this inclusive impulse, many of the forums have been disproportionately white and middle class. Through an ethnographic account of the 2007 United States Social Forum (USSF) in Atlanta, I examine one high-profile attempt to overcome this lack of diversity by establishing what I refer to as an "intentional" space. I argue that the intentional strategy pursued by USSF organizers achieved a high level of diversity in racial and class terms, but de-emphasized the role of the forum as a "contact zone" for translation, sharing, and exchange among diverse movement sectors. However, given the strong desire to overcome past exclusions among participants, the privileging of intentionality over openness and horizontality was widely viewed as legitimate, which has important implications for democratic practice.

Deficit Financing, Controls, and Movement of Prices in India since 1947 by A. Vasudevan. Bombay: Allied Publishers Private, Ltd., 1967. pp.239.

1968 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-500
Author(s):  
Frank C. Child
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Slow Growth ◽  
High Growth ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Success Story ◽  
The World ◽  
Deficit Financing

Experience with the processes of inflation and growth is varied around the world and through time. In Western Europe and the United States, there has been rapid growth (or slow growth) when prices were rising and when they were not. The Japanese success story shows that more or less chronic inflation is consistent with a high growth rate; but it also shows that the growth rate is less rapid at the highest (observed) rates of inflation. Socialist countries, like Poland and Russia, have experienced (planned?) inflation in accompaniment to growth. Recent Brazilian and Mexican experience suggests that a rapid inflation is consistent with (contributed to ?) a high growth rate. Indonesia and Ghana provide examples of inflation leading to stagnation or disintegration rather than progress. Other contradictory examples add to our mixed bag of empirical evidence.

Foreign Agent Registration Schemes in Australia and the United States: The Scope, Risk and Limitations of Transparency

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Draffen ◽  
Yee-Fui Ng
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Foreign Agent ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
New Public ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Foreign Influence ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
High Level

Regulators and governments around the world have been active of late in considering the best method by which to hold accountable foreign influence on political processes. Australia’s response to this issue was to pass a package of laws, including the Foreign Influence Transparency Scheme Act (‘FITSA’), which creates a new public register for those acting on behalf of a foreign principal. This article compares FITSA against the US Act on which it is based: the Foreign Agents Registration Act (‘FARA’). It shows that, largely, FITSA is better targeted than FARA towards ensuring that actors that merit registration are caught by its provisions. However, FITSA does not entirely address the potential risks inherent in this style of law. The authors argue that despite the objective of transparency inherent in such schemes, they may ultimately have a disproportionate effect on actors with access to fewer resources. Accordingly, the article proposes high-level principles to rethink this form of regulation based on refocusing foreign agent schemes to their underlying justification, recasting the regulatory net, and recalibrating discussions about ‘foreigners’.

Executive Insights: The Super Sales Force—Politicians in the World Market

1996 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 73-87
Author(s):  
Alan J. Dubinsky ◽  
Abdalla Hanafy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Market ◽  
Sales Force ◽  
Anecdotal Evidence ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
The World ◽  
Balance Of Trade ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Government

Exporting has become a popular means for businesses to augment sales and profitability and for countries to improve their gross domestic product and balance of trade. As a complement to export selling, high-level government officials increasingly are providing export promotional assistance to their nations’ industries. Much of what is known about this “high-level government selling, “ however, is based on conventional wisdom and anecdotal evidence. This article reports the results of a study that examined non-U.S. politicians’ export selling efforts. Data were obtained from surveys of foreign embassy diplomats in the United States. Findings offer insights into what government officials are doing to stimulate sales of their countries’ exports.

Chapter II. The World Overseas

1963 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 15-22
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Commodity Prices ◽  
Major Change ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Production ◽  
The World

The prospects for world production and trade are much the same as they were in February. The outlook is rather brighter in the United States, where production is rising and investment plans have been increased, but, in spite of some rise in commodity prices, perhaps fractionally gloomier for the primary producing countries, many of whose imports have been falling. World trade should be in fair equilibrium this year without any major change in the size of most countries' export surpluses; but the equilibrium will be achieved at a lower overall growth rate than would be possible if reserves were larger and better distributed.

scholarly journals The relative abundance of languages: Neutral and non-neutral dynamics

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0259162
Author(s):  
Luís Borda-de-Água ◽  
Stephen P. Hubbell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Neutral Theory ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Extinction Rates ◽  
The World ◽  
Predictive Theory ◽  
Shaped Pattern

Credible estimates suggest that a large number of the nearly 7000 languages in the world could go extinct this century, a prospect with profound cultural, socioeconomic, and political ramifications. Despite its importance, we still have little predictive theory for language dynamics and richness. Critical to the language extinction problem, however, is to understand the dynamics of the number of speakers of languages, the dynamics of language abundance distributions (LADs). Many regional LADs are very similar to the bell-shaped distributions of relative species abundance predicted by neutral theory in ecology. Using the tenets of neutral theory, here we show that LADs can be understood as an equilibrium or disequilibrium between stochastic rates of origination and extinction of languages. However, neutral theory does not fit some regional LADs, which can be explained if the number of speakers has grown systematically faster in some languages than others, due to cultural factors and other non-neutral processes. Only the LADs of Australia and the United States, deviate from a bell-shaped pattern. These deviations are due to the documented higher, non-equilibrium extinction rates of low-abundance languages in these countries.

scholarly journals Intersex Management in the United States and Non-Western Cultures

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (1&2) ◽  
pp. 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoshana Tell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Gender Assignment ◽  
The World ◽  
Potential Patient ◽  
Universal Human Rights ◽  
Ethical Approaches

In Western nations, there is growing agreement about ethical approaches to clinical intersex management. At the same time, as Western-trained physicians increasingly encounter intersex patients in other parts of the world, new ethical tensions arise. Which cultural values are fair parameters for gender-assignment decision-making, particularly in cultural milieus where there is social and economic inequality between the sexes? How can physicians uphold universal bioethical principles while remaining culturally sensitive? Physicians have a primary commit- ment to patient beneficence and universal human rights, requiring physicians to promote concordance between the child’s assigned gender and his or her likely future gender identity. Ultimately, the potential patient distress posed by gender dysphoria fundamentally outweighs the influence of local cultural factors such as economics, gender politics, and homophobia. 

scholarly journals Has Robert Parker lost his hegemony as a prescriptor in the wine World? A preliminar inquiry through Twitter

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina I. Font-Julian ◽  
Raúl Compés-López ◽  
Enrique Orduna-Malea
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prima Facie ◽  
Low Level ◽  
The World ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Online Strategy ◽  
High Level

The aim of this work is to determine to what extent Robert Parker has lost his influence as a prescriber in the world of wine through a webometric analysis based on a comparative analysis of Parker’s web influence and that of a competitor who represents an anthitetical vision of the world of wine (Alice Feiring). To do this, we carried out a comparative analysis for Parker’s (@wine_advocate) and Alice Feiring’s (@alicefeiring) official Twitter accounts, including a broad set of metrics (productivity, age, Social Activity, number of followees, etc.), paying special attention to specific followers’ features (age, gender, location, and bios text). The results show that Parker’s twitter profile exhibits an overall higher impact, which denotes not only a different online strategy but also a high level of engagement and popularity. The low level of shared followers by Parker and Feiring (1,898 users) offer prima facie evidence of an online gap between these followers, which can indicate the existence of a divided group of supporters corresponding with the visions that Parker and Feiring represent. Finally, special features are notice for Feiring in gender (more women followers), language (more English-speaking followers) and country (more followers from the United States).

Cultural Aspects of Psychopharmacology

2018 ◽  
pp. 387-391
Author(s):  
S. Nassir Ghaemi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Psychotropic Drugs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Psychological States ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Pragmatic Attitude

The practice of psychopharmacology is influenced by cultural factors, including a tendency in the United States for patients and doctors to want to receive pills for symptoms. This therapeutic activism dates back centuries, and it has influenced aggressive treatments in the past such as bleeding the patient. The proponents of DSM-III sought to make psychiatry more empirical, and much of this drive came from the need to diagnose entities that could be treated with the newly emerging psychotropic drugs. In retrospect, it could be concluded that what happened was that the DSM-III–oriented practitioners implemented an American pragmatic attitude to psychiatry that has tended toward both polynosology and polypharmacy. The spirit of pragmatism still lives in the world of contemporary psychiatry. A debate still exists culturally between caution and liberality in the use of medication, for psychological states in particular.

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