scholarly journals Relational Sanctity as a Contributor to Forgiveness: Dyadic Data From Older African American Couples

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 929-929
Author(s):  
Antonius Skipper ◽  
Andrew Rose ◽  
Alex Reeves ◽  
Jhazzmyn Joiner ◽  
Ethan Jones
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Predictor Variable ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Dyadic Data ◽  
Older Adulthood ◽  
Religious Constructs ◽  
African American Couples

Abstract Although research finds that healthy romantic relationships can provide several benefits in older adulthood, few studies examine the relational characteristics of older African American couples. Further, despite positive associations between religiosity and age, particularly among African Americans, a dearth of dyadic data consider the importance of religious constructs within the relationships of older African Americans. To address this gap, this study utilized dyadic data from the Strong African American Couples Project to examine the interconnection between relational sanctity and forgiveness among married and cohabiting older African American couples. A total of 194 African American couples (146 married and 48 cohabiting) aged 50 to 86 years were included in the analysis, and Actor Partner Independence Models were used to test the relational effects of sanctity and forgiveness. Findings revealed that no significant effects existed when women’s relational sanctity was the predictor variable. However, men’s relational sanctity had a significant positive association with both his own forgiveness of his partner and his perception of his partner’s forgiveness. These findings have valuable implications for professionals engaging older African American couples. First, this study helps to counter the often deficit-focused literature on African American couples by highlighting the potentially stabilizing influence of viewing one’s relationship as sacred. Second, this study offers a rare glimpse into the aspects of men’s religiosity that may be more consequential than women’s. Both practitioners and clergy could use this information to inform counseling efforts that seek to build on the strengths of married and cohabiting older African American couples.

Racial discrimination, racism-specific support, and self-reported health among African American couples

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 779-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shardé McNeil Smith ◽  
Lillie D. Williamson ◽  
Hafeezah Branch ◽  
Frank D. Fincham
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
African American ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
General Health ◽  
Specific Support ◽  
African American Couples ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Racial discrimination is a part of the lived experience for African Americans, and it is widely found to have damaging consequences to their mental and physical health; yet, we know less about how romantic partners influence the degree to which racial discrimination can impinge on health outcomes. Using a dyadic approach with heterosexual African American couples ( N = 487), the current study examined the compensatory and stress-buffering effects of racism-specific support (RSS) from the partner on the associations between racial discrimination and one’s own and one’s partner’s self-reported mental, physical, and general health. We found that perceptions of RSS from the partner were associated with better mental and physical health for husbands and better physical and general health for wives, independent of the effects of their own and their partner’s racial discrimination. However, wives showed compromised mental health when their husbands perceived high levels of RSS. Furthermore, among wives who reported low levels of RSS from their partner, wives’ and husbands’ experiences of racial discrimination were associated with wives’ lowered mental health. These findings suggest that couple-level interventions for African Americans should pay specific attention to wives who may carry the burden of their own and their husbands’ experiences of racial discrimination.

Correlates of Strength and Balance Training Exercises in Older African American Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nwanyieze Ngozi Jiakponnah ◽  
Christine Unson ◽  
Queendaleen Chinenye Chukwurah
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Threat Appraisal ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
African American Adults ◽  
Older African Americans

Abstract Background and Objectives This study investigated the behavioral and psychological correlates of strength and balance training (SBT) participation among older African Americans. Research Design and Methods A cross-sectional survey of 90 older African Americans (M = 66.7 ± 8.7 years; 70% female) was conducted to assess correlates of intention to undertake SBT exercises and the number of days that they currently engage in SBT. The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the threat appraisal of the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) were used as frameworks for the analyses. Results The intention to do SBT exercises was positively associated with favorable attitudes and subjective norm, knowledge about the benefits of SBT, and hours worked per week. The frequency of SBT participation was significantly correlated with behavioral intention, high fear of falling, and a low score on the kinesiophobia scale. Discussion and Implications This study demonstrated the utility of the TPB and PMT’s threat appraisal construct in modeling intention and number of days of SBT participation among African American older adults. The study affirmed the link between intention and behavior and between knowledge of the benefits of SBT and intention. Fear of falling’s positive association with days of SBT suggests that respondents’ saw SBT’s efficacy in reducing falls. The unique contributions of this study are the inclusions of kinesiophobia as a correlate and multiple threat appraisals in the PMT. Health promotion interventions should consider the interrelationship among these constructs.

scholarly journals Mean Level and Variability in Affect and Perceived Regard: A Dyadic Daily Diary Study of African American Couples

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betul Urganci ◽  
Anthony Ong ◽  
Anthony L. Burrow ◽  
Tracy DeHart
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Dyadic Analysis ◽  
Daily Diary Study ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
African American Couples

High levels of positive affect and low levels of negative affect have been repeatedly tied to better individual and relational well-being. However, research has largely focused on mean levels of affect whereas the day-to-day unfolding of affect and its impact on romantic relationships remain unclear. Here, we examined the links between affect variability, mean levels of affect, and changes in perceptions of partner regard —the extent to which people believe that their partners value and accept them—. One hundred and eighty African American couples (N = 360) reported how positively they thought their partner viewed them in two sessions (T1 and T2), separated by a 21-day diary burst in which participants reported on their positive and negative affect. Using a dyadic analysis, we found that high levels of actor negative affect variability were associated with lower positive perceived regard at T2 controlling for perceived regard at T1. This finding did not hold when controlling for mean levels of actor and partner negative affect. There is no evidence of positive affect variability on perceived regard, but the mean level of actor positive affect was associated with more favorable perceived regard. These results highlight the importance of controlling for mean levels of affect when examining affect dynamics.

scholarly journals Birds of a feather laugh together: An investigation of humour style similarity in married couples

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 406-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Martin Hahn ◽  
Lorne John Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Positive Association ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Dyadic Data ◽  
Individual Self ◽  
Degree Of Similarity ◽  
Potential Moderator

The present research investigated the degree of similarity in humour styles between spouses as assessed with the Humour Styles Questionnaire (HSQ). Furthermore, self-esteem was investigated as a potential moderator of partner humour style similarity. A sample of 116 heterosexual, married couples independently completed questionnaires assessing self-reported humour styles across the 32 item HSQ, as well as global self-esteem. Results indicated that there is significant positive association between the humour styles of married partners. This association was moderated by individual self-esteem. Specifically, participants with high self-esteem were found to have greater humour style similarity with their partners. Similarity was also greater for positive compared to negative types of humour. Implications for the use of dyadic data in investigating the roles of humour within couples are discussed.

scholarly journals Expected and Experienced Social Impact of Host Residents During Rugby World Cup 2019: A Panel Data Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daichi Oshimi ◽  
Shiro Yamaguchi ◽  
Takayuki Fukuhara ◽  
Marijke Taks
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Predictor Variable ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Social Impacts ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Significant Positive Association

Most social impact research considers the pre- and post-event social impacts of sporting events to investigate the effects of these events on residents' or consumers' intention or attitude. This study focused on the qualitative differences between pre-event expected social impacts (T1) and post-event experienced social impacts (T2). Then, it investigated viewing behaviors due to the expected social impacts, and intentions to support events from experienced social impacts. The Rugby World Cup 2019 in Japan provided the context for the study. Panel data were collected from the same Tokyo residents in T1 (3 months before the event) and T2 (4 months after the event). The Internet-based survey consisted of six social impact constructs, framed as expectations in T1 and experiences in T2. Both dependent variables, viewing behavior and supporting events, were measured in T2, after the event occurred. Two expected impacts had a significant positive association with viewing behavior, while three experienced social impacts had a significant positive association with event support intention. The main contribution of this article is extending the understanding of the role of social impact as a predictor variable for residents' behavior and intention to support events by using panel data, which enabled the authors to obtain more robust results. The current study extends the knowledge on consumer expectancy role and social exchange theory in the context of the social impacts of sporting events.

scholarly journals Can Working Together Buffer Depression Among Older, Religious African American Couples?

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 928-928
Author(s):  
Antonius Skipper ◽  
Andrew Rose ◽  
Ethan Jones ◽  
Alex Reeves ◽  
Jhazzmyn Joiner
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Bootstrap Analysis ◽  
Communal Coping ◽  
Major Depression Inventory ◽  
Older African Americans ◽  
Working Together ◽  
African American Couples

Abstract Depression is a growing concern among older African Americans, as many within this group hesitate to seek professional help from psychiatrists or counselors. Instead, existing literature notes that older African Americans frequently utilize informal social support networks (e.g., church leaders) to respond to stress and buffer the negative effects of depression and depressive symptoms. Yet, little is known about the shared coping practices of older African American couples in relation to depression. Given the commonly noted high levels of religiosity among African Americans, this study examined communal coping as a mediator between sanctification and depression for older African American couples. This study utilized the dyadic data of 194 (146 married and 48 cohabiting) African American couples between the ages of 50 and 86 years. Capturing data with the Revised Sanctification of Marriage scale, the Communal Coping scale, and the Major Depression Inventory, bias-corrected bootstrap analysis revealed that men’s relationship sanctification and women’s depression was partially mediated by men’s, as well as the sum of men’s and women’s, communal coping in married couples. Further, men’s relationship sanctification and men’s depression was partially mediated by men’s, as well as the sum of men’s and women’s, communal coping. In addition, women’s sanctification was positively associated with men’s depression, directly. These findings are valuable in understanding the complex buffers, and contributors, to depression among older African American couples who may identify closely with religion but prefer the support of a partner over professional care.

An Individual Growth Model Analysis of Childhood Spanking on Change in Externalizing Behaviors During Adolescence: A Comparison of Whites and African Americans Over a 12-Year Period

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 1463-1482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris L. Gibson ◽  
Abigail A. Fagan
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Externalizing Behaviors ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Individual Growth ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Full Sample ◽  
Rates Of Change ◽  
Long Term Effect

This study examines the long-term effect of corporal punishment on children’s externalizing behaviors, and race differences in this relationship, using 12 years of prospective data from 1,075 high-risk White and African American families participating in the Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect. According to multilevel individual growth models, there was a significant, positive association between spanking during childhood (measured at ages 4, 6, and 8 years) and initial levels (at age 12 years) of externalizing behaviors for the full sample and for African Americans. The fixed effect of spanking on rates of change of externalizing behaviors during adolescence (i.e., at ages 12, 14, and 16 years) was significant for the full sample and marginally ( p < .10) significant for African Americans, with more spanking resulting in a slower rate of decrease in externalizing behaviors. Spanking was not related to initial levels or rates of change in externalizing behaviors for White youth.

Perceived Overprotection and Its Association With Quality of Life in Dementia

GeroPsych ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-134
Author(s):  
Mechthild Niemann-Mirmehdi ◽  
Andreas Häusler ◽  
Paul Gellert ◽  
Johanna Nordheim
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Patient Autonomy ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Mental Well Being

Abstract. To date, few studies have focused on perceived overprotection from the perspective of people with dementia (PwD). In the present examination, the association of perceived overprotection in PwD is examined as an autonomy-restricting factor and thus negative for their mental well-being. Cross-sectional data from the prospective DYADEM study of 82 patient/partner dyads (mean age = 74.26) were used to investigate the association between overprotection, perceived stress, depression, and quality of life (QoL). The analyses show that an overprotective contact style with PwD has a significant positive association with stress and depression, and has a negative association with QoL. The results emphasize the importance of avoiding an overprotective care style and supporting patient autonomy.

Narcissism and Perceived Inequity in Attractiveness in Romantic Relationships

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elke Rohmann ◽  
Hans-Werner Bierhoff ◽  
Martina Schmohr
Keyword(s):  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Gender Effect ◽  
Dyadic Analysis ◽  
Dyadic Data ◽  
Actor Partner Interdependence Model ◽  
Narcissistic Personality ◽  
Intraclass Correlations ◽  
Narcissistic Personality Inventory ◽  
Additional Variance

In three studies of romantic relationships (N = 253, N = 81, and N = 98) the hypothesis was tested that high narcissists, relative to low narcissists, distort the assessment of equity in attractiveness. Narcissism was measured by the Narcissistic Personality Inventory. In Study 1 the hypothesis was confirmed. In Study 2 it was shown that although narcissism correlated significantly with self-esteem, it was the unique variance in narcissism which predicted the tendency to feel underbenefited in respect to attractiveness. Finally in Study 3, dyadic data were analyzed on the basis of the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model. The data of 49 couples who lived together were included. The dyadic analysis indicated that actor narcissism exerted the expected influence on perceived inequity in attractiveness, whereas partner narcissism explained no additional variance. High narcissists felt more underbenefited than low narcissists. The analysis of dyadic data in Study 3 indicates that the link between narcissism and equity in attractiveness turns out to be an intrapersonal phenomenon because only actor narcissism, not partner narcissism, is significantly correlated with perceived inequity. In addition, partial intraclass correlations revealed that if one partner tended to feel underbenefited, the other partner tended to feel overbenefited. The results are explained on the basis of the agentic model of narcissism. All three studies consistently revealed a gender effect indicating that women felt more underbenefited than men in terms of attractiveness.

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