scholarly journals SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FOURTH AGE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S696-S697
Author(s):  
John Pothen ◽  
Emily C Dore ◽  
Ellen Idler
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Social ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Network Patterns

Abstract How can we differentiate distinct phases of aging in later life? Theorizations of the third and fourth age posit that later life often involves a time of continued growth and increased opportunity (the “third age”) as well as a time marked by growing cognitive, physical, and social losses (the “fourth age”). In contrast to population-based definitions that place this transition around the age of 80, a person-based definition using frailty as a marker offers more sensitivity by focusing on ability and agency instead of age alone. In this study, we apply both definitions in order to examine the social characteristics of the fourth age. Using a nationally representative sample of adults over the age of 65 from from the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) seventh round (n=6,312) we find that the population-based definition overestimates the number of adults in the fourth age (2,834 vs 569; p<0.001). Additionally, social network patterns observed when comparing adults above and below the age of 80 - increased rates of including a daughter or son and a decreased rate of including a friend - are not seen when comparing adults who do and do not meet criteria for frailty. Our findings suggest that common understandings of the social characteristics of the oldest old - understandings with important implications for policy and the promotion of human dignity - may be biased by focusing on age alone as a marker of change instead of ability and agency.

scholarly journals Panggilan Sosial Gereja Berdasarkan Pelayanan Yesus dalam Lukas 4:18-19: Sebuah Upaya Merevitalisasi Pelayanan Gereja

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-112
Author(s):  
Herry Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Social Issues ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Church Ministry ◽  
Book Of Isaiah ◽  
The Third ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Church

Salah satu unsur penting dalam pelayanan gereja yang terabaikan adalah peran sosial gereja untuk mewujudkan kesejahteraan. Padahal warga jemaat berhadapan dengan berbagai isu sosial. Salah satu yang cukup krusial adalah kemiskinan. Dalam upaya merevitalisasi pelayanan gereja, salah satu yang perlu diwujudkan adalah integrasi antara kepedulian sosial dan pelayanan gereja. Artikel ini akan menjelaskan bahwa gereja memiliki panggilan dan tanggung jawab sosial. Fondasi bagi gagasan ini adalah karakteristik pelayanan Yesus yang termuat dalam Lukas 4:18-19, yang merupakan kutipan dari Yesaya 61:1-2; 58:6. Berdasarkan penggunaan Yesaya 61:1-2 yang dikombinasikan dengan Yesaya 58:6, artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa penulis Injil Ketiga memodifikasi kutipan tersebut untuk memperkuat karakteristik sosial dalam pelayanan Yesus. Dimensi sosial pelayanan Yesus merupakan landasan penting untuk membangun pelayanan gerejawi yang memiliki kesadaran sosial untuk membentuk kehidupan umat secara menyeluruh. Dalam menguraikan gagasannya, artikel ini akan menerapkan metode kualitatif yang berorientasi pada studi literatur dan analisis hermeneutika. Adapun pendekatan hermeneutika yang akan diterapkan berfokus pada pembacaan Injil sebagai biografi Yunani-Romawi. Prinsip-prinsip yang umum digunakan dalam metode kritik naratif juga akan diterapkan. Karena adanya kutipan dari Kitab Yesaya, pendekatan hermenutika yang digunakan juga akan menganalisis cara penulis Injil Ketiga menggunakan teks Yesaya tersebut. Artikel ini akan berfokus pada tiga aspek, yaitu karakteristik sosial Injil Ketiga, karakteristik sosial pelayanan Yesus berdasarkan Lukas 4:18-19, dan implikasi dimensi sosial pelayanan Yesus bagi upaya revitalisasi pelayanan gereja. One important element that neglected in church ministry is the social responsibility of the church in realizing the well-being of the community. Whereas the congregation is dealing with various social issues. One that is quite crucial is poverty. In an effort to revitalize church ministry, one that needs to be realized is the integration of social care and church ministry. This article will explain that the church has social calling and responsibility. The foundation for this idea is the characteristics of Jesus' ministry conveyed by Luke 4:18-19, which is a quotation from Isaiah 61:1-2; 58:6. Based on the use of Isaiah 61:1-2 combined with Isaiah 58:6, this article shows that the writer of the Third Gospel modified the quotation to strengthen social characteristics in Jesus' ministry. The social dimension of Jesus' ministry is an important foundation for building church ministries that have social awareness to shape the lives of believers holistically. This article will apply qualitative methods that focus on literary study and hermeneutical analysis. The hermeneutical approach applied here focuses on reading the Gospels as Greco-Roman biography. The principles commonly used in narrative criticism will also be applied. Because of the quotation from the Book of Isaiah, this article will also analyze the way the writer of the Third Gospel used the text of Isaiah. This article will focus on three aspects, namely the social characteristics of the Third Gospel, the social characteristics of Jesus' ministry based on Luke 4: 18-19, and the implications of the social dimension of Jesus' ministry for revitalizing church ministry.

Significance Quest Theory of Radicalization

2019 ◽  
pp. 35-64
Author(s):  
Arie W. Kruglanski ◽  
Jocelyn J. Bélanger ◽  
Rohan Gunaratna
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
The Third ◽  
Personal Significance ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Extreme Violence

This chapter proposes the 3N theory of radicalization, which happens as a result of three elements coming together: the individuals’ needs, the narrative to which they are exposed, and the networks in which they are embedded. The first N, the need element, pertains to individuals’ quest for personal significance—the desire to matter and to have respect. The second N is the (ideological) narrative to which individuals are exposed and that essentially identifies the means to the end of significance; this is portrayed as extreme violence against perceived enemies of one’s group, which lends the status of heroes and martyrs to individuals who joined the fight. The third N is the social network in which individuals are embedded and that validates the means–ends relations between violence and significance as well as dispenses status and veneration to individuals who implement the ideological injunctions and commit the requisite violence.

scholarly journals The social network index and its relation to later-life depression among the elderly aged ≥80 years in Northern Thailand

2016 ◽  
Vol Volume 11 ◽  
pp. 1067-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myo Nyein Aung ◽  
Saiyud Moolphate ◽  
Thin Nyein Nyein Aung ◽  
Chitima Kantonyoo ◽  
Songyos Khamchai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Later Life ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Northern Thailand ◽  
The Social

scholarly journals The social network context of HIV stigma: Population-based, sociocentric network study in rural Uganda

2019 ◽  
Vol 233 ◽  
pp. 229-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sae Takada ◽  
Viola Nyakato ◽  
Akihiro Nishi ◽  
A. James O'Malley ◽  
Bernard Kakuhikire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Hiv Stigma ◽  
The Social

scholarly journals Associations Between Social Support, Social Networks, and Financial Exploitation in Older Adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 990-1011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott R. Beach ◽  
Richard Schulz ◽  
Rodlescia Sneed
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Network Size ◽  
Social Network Size ◽  
Financial Exploitation ◽  
The Social

Social support and social networks are important correlates of elder mistreatment. This study tests hypothesized associations between perceived social support, social network size, and financial exploitation (FE). A population-based survey of 903 older adults (60+) in Allegheny County (Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) found that lower perceived social support and larger social networks were simultaneously associated with higher risk for FE since age 60, controlling for known risk factors. The same associations were found for FE in the last 6 months. Older adults with larger social networks combined with lower perceived social support were most likely to report FE. When it comes to the role of social relationships and risk for FE, “more may not always be better.” Encouragement to widen the social network by “making new friends” should be stressed less than making sure these new network members will truly be supportive of the older adult.

scholarly journals Ageing, corporeality and social divisions in later life

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 1681-1702 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRIS GILLEARD ◽  
PAUL HIGGS
Keyword(s):  
Later Life ◽  
Demographic Ageing ◽  
Social Division ◽  
Third Age ◽  
The Third ◽  
Social Divisions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Post War ◽  
Social Divide ◽  
The 19Th Century

ABSTRACTThis paper concerns the social divisions of later life. Although research in this field has focused on class, gender and, more recently, sexuality as sources of division in later life, the division between the fit and the frail has tended to be ignored or viewed as an outcome of these other divisions. This paper challenges this assumption, arguing that corporeality constitutes a major social division in later life. This in many ways prefigures a return to the 19th-century categorisation of those ‘impotent through age’, whose position was among the most abject in society. Their ‘impotence’ was framed by an inability to engage in paid labour. Improved living standards during and after working life saw age's impotence fade in significance and in the immediate post-war era, social concern turned towards the relative poverty of pensioners. Subsequent demographic ageing and the expanding cultures of the third age have undermined the homogeneity of retirement. Frailty has become a major source of social division, separating those who are merely older from those who are too old. This division excludes the ‘unsuccessfully’ aged from utilising the widening range of material and social goods that characterise the third age. It is this social divide rather than those of past occupation or income that is becoming a more salient line of fracture in later life.

scholarly journals The Generalizability of Survey Experiments

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin J. Mullinix ◽  
Thomas J. Leeper ◽  
James N. Druckman ◽  
Jeremy Freese
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Causal Power ◽  
Experimental Treatment ◽  
Population Based ◽  
The Social ◽  
Survey Experiments ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Amazon's Mechanical Turk

AbstractSurvey experiments have become a central methodology across the social sciences. Researchers can combine experiments’ causal power with the generalizability of population-based samples. Yet, due to the expense of population-based samples, much research relies on convenience samples (e.g. students, online opt-in samples). The emergence of affordable, but non-representative online samples has reinvigorated debates about the external validity of experiments. We conduct two studies of how experimental treatment effects obtained from convenience samples compare to effects produced by population samples. In Study 1, we compare effect estimates from four different types of convenience samples and a population-based sample. In Study 2, we analyze treatment effects obtained from 20 experiments implemented on a population-based sample and Amazon's Mechanical Turk (MTurk). The results reveal considerable similarity between many treatment effects obtained from convenience and nationally representative population-based samples. While the results thus bolster confidence in the utility of convenience samples, we conclude with guidance for the use of a multitude of samples for advancing scientific knowledge.

scholarly journals Estratégias de Comunicação da Netflix Portugal no Twitter

Prisma Com ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 100-114
Author(s):  
Alexandre Freitas ◽  
Ana Rita Félix ◽  
Daniela Ferreira ◽  
Júlia Alves
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Communication Strategies ◽  
News Production ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Social ◽  
Clipping Technique

This research aimed to analyse Netflix Portugal's Twitter communication strategies, as well as their efficiency, after the decrease in the number of followers of the platform during the second quarter of 2019. To this end, a metaanalysis of the tweets published in the second and third quarter of the same year was carried out, in terms of content and quantity. In addition, the clipping technique was used to check to what extent the social network served as a public relations platform. It was found that the streaming company increased its communicative efforts, however, the engagement that resulted from them was not the most desired. Nevertheless, compared to the second quarter, in the third quarter there was a greater generation of news production.

Prevalence of depressive symptoms and suicidal thoughts among elderly persons in rural Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 1999-2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Åke Wahlin ◽  
Katie Palmer ◽  
Ola Sternäng ◽  
Jena D. Hamadani ◽  
Zarina Nahar Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Rural Bangladesh ◽  
Dichotomous Variable ◽  
The Social

ABSTRACTBackground:Depression, if broadly defined, is the commonest late-life mental disorder. We examined the distribution of depressive symptoms and suicidal thoughts, across age, sex, literacy, and marital status, among elderly individuals residing in rural Bangladesh and participating in a population-based study on health and aging.Methods:Prevalence figures of depressive symptoms were assessed with SRQ20 (n = 625), and possible social network and economic associations were examined. Morbidity accounts of depressive symptoms and suicidal thoughts were examined for a subsample that also underwent complete medical examination (n = 471).Results:We selected for analyses the items that corresponded to DSM-IV criteria and constructed a dichotomous variable. The prevalence was 45%, and most pronounced among the oldest women (70%). The overall prevalence of suicidal thoughts was 23%. Being a woman, illiterate or single were all risk factors for depressive symptoms and suicidal thoughts. These associations remained unaccounted for by the social network and economic variables. Co-residing with a child and having a high quality of contact were protective of both depressive symptoms and suicidal thoughts. The main findings were replicated in the subsample, where it was found that morbidities were also associated with the outcomes, independently of the four main predictors.Conclusions:Prevalence figures for depressive symptoms among elderly in rural Bangladesh are high. Demographic, social network, and morbidity factors are independently associated with both depressive symptoms and suicidal thoughts. This is the first study to report prevalence figures for depressive symptoms in this population.

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