The Origin of Modern Public History in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 ◽  
pp. 252-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Li
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
National Identity ◽  
General Population ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Public History ◽  
The State ◽  
Critical Survey

Abstract This article tracks the origin of modern public history in China. Through a critical survey of the landscape, the article focuses on why public history has such a widespread appeal among ordinary Chinese, and how it is used for social cohesion and identity building to mobilize a general population. The author argues that public history has flourished in the last two decades alongside a deteriorating notion of national identity unified by the state; the genesis of this can be traced back to the turn of the twentieth century. Three propositions are suggested for further developing public history in China, namely writing differently, a broader and more liberal understanding of history, and an emphasis on rigour.

scholarly journals Identidad territorial, agro y políticas públicas. Reflexiones históricas sobre las desigualdades regionales en la Argentina hasta mediados del siglo XX

2019 ◽  
pp. 7-18
Author(s):  
Noemí María Girbal-Blacha
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
National Identity ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
The State ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
State Action ◽  
Identidad Nacional ◽  
Regional Inequalities ◽  
Territorial Organization ◽  
Siglo Xx

Este estudio histórico se propone abordar -en el escenario de la Argentina Moderna y hasta mediados del siglo XX- las característi-cas de la organización del territorio en tanto parte de la identidad nacional, la acción del Estado y su burocracia técnica, así como el alcance de las políticas públicas agrarias, conceptualmente defi-nidas. El objetivo es dar cuenta de los desequilibrios regionales, en un país que concentra alrededor de las tres cuartas partes de su población, su infraestructura y su producción agraria y agroin-dustrial en una cuarta parte del territorio. Una situación que logra trascender los cambios políticos y gubernamentales ocurridos. Conocer sus causas y consecuencias es parte del desafío que se emprende en estas páginas. This historical research intends to tackle – in Modern Argentina and until the mid-twentieth century - the characteristics of the territorial organization as part of the national identity, the State action and its technical bureaucracy together with the scope of the agrarian public policies, conceptually identified. The aim is to show the regional inequalities in a country that concentrates about three-quarters of its population, its infrastructure and its agrarian production and agro-industrial in one quarter of the territory. A situtation that moves beyond political and governmental changes. One of the challenges of these pages is to know the causes and consequences.

Stalin: authoritarian populist or great Russian chauvinist?

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 749-756
Author(s):  
David R. Marples
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
National Identity ◽  
Latin American ◽  
The State ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Mass Level ◽  
Russian Identity ◽  
Historical Accident

David Brandenberger argues that contemporary Russian identity was mainly a result of a “historical accident.” He maintains that this national identity was a product of the twentieth century rather than the nineteenth, which is more commonly cited, and that in terms of the state formulating a conception of what it meant to be Russian, the first decade of the Soviet period achieved little. However, by the late 1920s Soviet ideologists began to seek something more appealing than the mundane party slogans and eventually added non-proletarian, historical Russian heroes to the Soviet pantheon, particularly after the purges when the latter group was sorely depleted. This campaign was largely successful in inducing an understanding of national identity from a non-proletarian past as is evident today. He perceives this process as the formation of a Soviet populism, designed to mobilize society “on the mass level” and compares Stalin's USSR with Latin American dictatorships in this regard. Stalin, he argues, “was an authoritarian populist rather than a nationalist.” By 1953, Russians had a much better idea about their identity than in the period before 1937.

scholarly journals Tokhtogo’s Mission Impossible

Inner Asia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-94
Author(s):  
Sören Urbansky
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
National Identity ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
The State ◽  
Russian Government ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
National Identity Formation

By the turn of the twentieth century, the Qing court sought to incorporate and homogenise its imperial periphery. This shift towards firmer control of its Mongolian borderlands with neighbouring Russia elicited anti-imperial sentiments among the indigenous population. Complexities arose when the Russian government sought to utilise native separationist movements for the promotion of its own political ends: more precisely, to create a loyal autochthonous buffer at the poorly defended border. The article examines resistance by the nomadic borderlanders against the sovereignty claims of the state, arguing that the rejection of the state provoked a surge of both local and national identity formation along the border. It analyses nomads’ reactions to the Manchu court’s imperial policies, Russian exploitation of indigenous dissatisfaction, and the question of whether the native borderlanders, in the early twentieth century, gained independence or were subjugated by different means.

Faeries, Aliens, and Leviathans: Science and Fantasy in Ian McDonald's King of Morning, Queen of Day

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-303
Author(s):  
Richard Howard
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
National Identity ◽  
Science Fiction ◽  
Science Studies ◽  
Irish Studies ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Politics And Religion ◽  
Unexplored Area ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Cultural Movement

Irish science fiction is a relatively unexplored area for Irish Studies, a situation partially rectified by the publication of Jack Fennell's Irish Science Fiction in 2014. This article aims to continue the conversation begun by Fennell's intervention by analysing the work of Belfast science fiction author Ian McDonald, in particular King of Morning, Queen of Day (1991), the first novel in what McDonald calls his Irish trilogy. The article explores how McDonald's text interrogates the intersection between science, politics, and religion, as well as the cultural movement that was informing a growing sense of a continuous Irish national identity. It draws from the discipline of Science Studies, in particular the work of Nicholas Whyte, who writes of the ways in which science and colonialism interacted in late nineteenth and early twentieth-century Ireland.

Rewriting the Narrative

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 54-77
Author(s):  
Nicolas G. Rosenthal
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Native American ◽  
American Indian ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Mixed Media ◽  
The State ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
Art Scene ◽  
The 1960S

A vibrant American Indian art scene developed in California from the 1960s to the 1980s, with links to a broader indigenous arts movement. Native American artists working in the state produced and exhibited paintings, prints, sculptures, mixed media, and other art forms that validated and documented their cultures, interpreted their history, asserted their survival, and explored their experiences in modern society. Building on recent scholarship that examines American Indian migration, urbanization, and activism in the twentieth century, this article charts these developments and argues that American Indian artists in California challenged and rewrote dominant historical narratives by foregrounding Native American perspectives in their work.

Collective Memory: Between Values and Historical Knowledge

2020 ◽  
pp. 124-142
Author(s):  
VICTOR BURLACHUK
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
The State ◽  
Main Element ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future

At the end of the twentieth century, questions of a secondary nature suddenly became topical: what do we remember and who owns the memory? Memory as one of the mental characteristics of an individual’s activity is complemented by the concept of collective memory, which requires a different method of analysis than the activity of a separate individual. In the 1970s, a situation arose that gave rise to the so-called "historical politics" or "memory politics." If philosophical studies of memory problems of the 30’s and 40’s of the twentieth century were focused mainly on the peculiarities of perception of the past in the individual and collective consciousness and did not go beyond scientific discussions, then half a century later the situation has changed dramatically. The problem of memory has found its political sound: historians and sociologists, politicians and representatives of the media have entered the discourse on memory. Modern society, including all social, ethnic and family groups, has undergone a profound change in the traditional attitude towards the past, which has been associated with changes in the structure of government. In connection with the discrediting of the Soviet Union, the rapid decline of the Communist Party and its ideology, there was a collapse of Marxism, which provided for a certain model of time and history. The end of the revolutionary idea, a powerful vector that indicated the direction of historical time into the future, inevitably led to a rapid change in perception of the past. Three models of the future, which, according to Pierre Nora, defined the face of the past (the future as a restoration of the past, the future as progress and the future as a revolution) that existed until recently, have now lost their relevance. Today, absolute uncertainty hangs over the future. The inability to predict the future poses certain challenges to the present. The end of any teleology of history imposes on the present a debt of memory. Features of the life of memory, the specifics of its state and functioning directly affect the state of identity, both personal and collective. Distortion of memory, its incorrect work, and its ideological manipulation can give rise to an identity crisis. The memorial phenomenon is a certain political resource in a situation of severe socio-political breaks and changes. In the conditions of the economic crisis and in the absence of a real and clear program for future development, the state often seeks to turn memory into the main element of national consolidation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document