scholarly journals The Emerging Role of Noncoding RNAs in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 985-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Jabandziev ◽  
Julia Bohosova ◽  
Tereza Pinkasova ◽  
Lumir Kunovsky ◽  
Ondrej Slaby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Clinical Biomarkers ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Pediatric Ibd

Abstract Prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gut, has been on the rise in recent years—not only in the adult population but also especially in pediatric patients. Despite the absence of curative treatments, current therapeutic options are able to achieve long-term remission in a significant proportion of cases. To this end, however, there is a need for biomarkers enabling accurate diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of response to therapies to facilitate a more individualized approach to pediatric IBD patients. In recent years, evidence has continued to evolve concerning noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) and their roles as integral factors in key immune-related cellular pathways. Specific deregulation patterns of ncRNAs have been linked to pathogenesis of various diseases, including pediatric IBD. In this article, we provide an overview of current knowledge on ncRNAs, their altered expression profiles in pediatric IBD patients, and how these are emerging as potentially valuable clinical biomarkers as we enter an era of personalized medicine.

scholarly journals Gene Signatures of Early Response to Anti-TNF Drugs in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 3364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Salvador-Martín ◽  
Irene Raposo-Gutiérrez ◽  
Víctor Manuel Navas-López ◽  
Carmen Gallego-Fernández ◽  
Ana Moreno-Álvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Early Response ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
P Value ◽  
Infliximab Treatment ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Pediatric Ibd

Around a 20–30% of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients are diagnosed before they are 18 years old. Anti-TNF drugs can induce and maintain remission in IBD, however, up to 30% of patients do not respond. The aim of the work was to identify markers that would predict an early response to anti-TNF drugs in pediatric patients with IBD. The study population included 43 patients aged <18 years with IBD who started treatment with infliximab or adalimumab. Patients were classified into primary responders (n = 27) and non-responders to anti-TNF therapy (n = 6). Response to treatment could not be analyzed in 10 patients. Response was defined as a decrease in over 15 points in the disease activity indexes from week 0 to week 10 of infliximab treatment or from week 0 to week 26 of adalimumab treatment. The expression profiles of nine genes in total RNA isolated from the whole-blood of pediatric IBD patients taken before biologic administration and after 2 weeks were analyzed using qPCR and the 2−∆∆Ct method. Before initiation and after 2 weeks of treatment the expression of SMAD7 was decreased in patients who were considered as non-responders (p value < 0.05). Changes in expression were also observed for TLR2 at T0 and T2, although that did not reach the level of statistical significance. In addition, the expression of DEFA5 decreased 1.75-fold during the first 2 weeks of anti-TNF treatment in responders, whereas no changes were observed in non-responders. Expression of the SMAD7 gene is a pharmacogenomic biomarker of early response to anti-TNF agents in pediatric IBD. TLR2 and DEFA5 need to be validated in larger studies.

scholarly journals Altered expression of cell adhesion molecules in uninvolved gut in inflammatory bowel disease

2008 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. SCHUERMANN ◽  
A. E. ABER-BISHOP ◽  
P. FACER ◽  
J. C. LEE ◽  
D. S. RAMPTON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

scholarly journals Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glynis Byrne ◽  
Greg Rosenfeld ◽  
Yvette Leung ◽  
Hong Qian ◽  
Julia Raudzus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Psychiatric Interview ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Background. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients are not routinely screened for depression and anxiety despite knowledge of an increased prevalence in people with chronic disease and negative effects on quality of life. Methods. Prevalence of anxiety and depression was assessed in IBD outpatients through retrospective chart review. The presence of anxiety and/or depression was determined using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 self-report questionnaires or by diagnosis through psychiatric interview. Patient demographics, disease characteristics, and medication information were also collected. Multivariable analysis was used to determine associations between patient factors and depression and anxiety. Results. 327 patient charts were reviewed. Rates of depression and anxiety were found to be 25.8% and 21.2%, with 30.3% of patients suffering from depression and/or anxiety. Disease activity was found to be significantly associated with depression and/or anxiety (p=0.01). Females were more likely to have anxiety (p=0.01). Conclusion. A significant proportion of IBD patients suffer from depression and/or anxiety. The rates of these mental illnesses would justify screening and referral for psychiatric treatment in clinics treating this population. Patients with active disease are particularly at risk for anxiety and depression.

Altered expression of fucosyl-transferases in inflammatory bowel disease

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A525
Author(s):  
Keith Leiper ◽  
Sameena Javeed ◽  
Yamini Krishna ◽  
Jonathan M. Rhodes ◽  
Barry J. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Comparison of Bacterial Composition, Concentration, and Metabolism of Short Chain Fatty Acid in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 5978-5984
Author(s):  
David Nugraha ◽  
Natasya Ariesta Selyardi Putri ◽  
Visuddho Visuddho ◽  
Citrawati Dyah Kencono Wungu
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which consists of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the intestine. The etiology is heterogeneous and multifactorial, including genetic susceptibility, immune-mediated tissue damage, and changes of lumen microenvironment, especially short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) producing bacteria. Several studies reported a decrease in SCFA concentration in both CD and UC. In fact, SCFAs has important roles in accelerating disease remission. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the changes in SCFA concentration, the composition of SCFA-producing bacteria, and SCFA metabolism in IBD. A literature search was conducted via PubMed, Scopus, and CENTRAL by selecting studies according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The quality and risk of bias assessment were performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Overall, 160 UC and 127 CD patients from 5 studies were reviewed. The SCFA concentration was significantly reduced (p <0.05) in both PC and UC. Moreover, there was a decrease in major SCFA-producing bacteria. Clostridium coccoides were significantly decreased in the feces of active UC (p = 0.015) and CD (p = 0.04). Clostridium leptum was decreased on intestinal mucosal biopsy of active CD and UC (p <0.0001). Faecalibacterium prausnitzii were decreased in active CD faeces (p <0.0001) and UC (p = 0.0001). Butyrate oxidation rate was also reported to decrease in UC compared to control (p<0.0001). In conclusion, the ability of major SCFA-producing bacterial production in IBD was diminished, which implies a decreased protective and anti-inflammatory effect of SCFA that altered its metabolism.

Phenotypic Features and Longterm Outcomes of Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients with Arthritis and Arthralgia

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 1636-1643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osnat Nir ◽  
Firas Rinawi ◽  
Gil Amarilyo ◽  
Liora Harel ◽  
Raanan Shamir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Biologic Therapy ◽  
Joint Involvement ◽  
Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
History Of ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Phenotypic Features ◽  
Pediatric Ibd

Objective.The natural history of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients with joint involvement has not been clearly described. Thus, we aimed to investigate phenotypic features and clinical outcomes of this distinct association.Methods.The medical records of patients with pediatric IBD diagnosed from 2000 to 2016 were reviewed retrospectively. Main outcome measures included time to first flare, hospitalization, surgery, and biologic therapy.Results.Of 301 patients with Crohn disease (median age 14.2 yrs), 37 (12.3%) had arthritis while 44 (14.6%) had arthralgia at diagnosis. Arthritis and arthralgia were more common in women (p = 0.028). Patients with arthritis and arthralgia demonstrated lower rates of perianal disease (2.7% and 4.5% vs 16.9%, p = 0.013), whereas patients with arthritis were more likely to be treated with biologic therapy (HR 2.05, 95% CI 1.27–3.33, p = 0.009). Of 129 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC; median age 13.7 yrs), 3 (2.3%) had arthritis and 16 (12.4%) had arthralgia at diagnosis. Patients with arthralgia were treated more often with corticosteroids (p = 0.03) or immunomodulator therapies (p = 0.003) compared with those without joint involvement. The likelihood to undergo colectomy was significantly higher in patients with arthralgia (HR 2.9, 95% CI 1.1–7.4, p = 0.04). During followup (median 9.0 yrs), 13 patients developed arthritis (3.3%). Arthralgia at diagnosis was a significant predictor for the development of arthritis during followup (HR 9.0, 95% CI 2.86–28.5, p < 0.001).Conclusion.Pediatric IBD patients with arthritis have distinct phenotypic features. Arthralgia at diagnosis is a predictor for colectomy in UC and a risk factor for the development of arthritis during followup.

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