scholarly journals Environmental effects on recreational squid jigging fishery catches

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 1823-1830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Cabanellas-Reboredo ◽  
Josep Alós ◽  
Miquel Palmer ◽  
Beatriz Morales-Nin
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Sea Temperature ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Movement Characteristic ◽  
Alternative Hypotheses ◽  
Specific Vulnerability ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Abstract Cabanellas-Reboredo, M., Alós, J., Palmer, M., and Morales-Nin, B. 2012. Environmental effects on recreational squid jigging fishery catches. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: 1823–1830. Experimental fishing sessions simulating the operating procedures of the recreational fishery for the European squid that operates at inshore Palma Bay (Balearic Islands, Spain) were conducted to investigate the effects of environmental variables on squid catches. The catch per unit of effort (cpue) of recreational-like jigging sessions showed a seasonal pattern (higher cpue during colder months). Two alternative hypotheses can explain such a pattern. First, squid could migrate inshore during colder months to seek spatio-temporal windows within which the sea temperature maximize spawning success. Second, the timing of the seasonal reproductive peak and the growth rate of any given cohort would result in a higher percentage of squid whose body size is greater than the gear-specific vulnerability threshold during the colder months. The combination of environmental variables that maximized cpue was a low sea surface temperature, a low windspeed, low atmospheric pressure, and days close to the new moon. A specific period of the day, narrowly around sunset, favoured the catches. Within this narrow period, the sunlight is still sufficient to allow the recreational fishing lures to be effective, and the squid have already shifted to a more active pattern of movement characteristic of the night-time period.

scholarly journals Spatio-temporal distribution patterns of Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) in a fine-scale agricultural landscape based on geostatistical analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Yu Li ◽  
Yan-Ting Chen ◽  
Meng-Zhu Shi ◽  
Jian-Wei Li ◽  
Rui-Bin Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Geostatistical Analysis ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Fine Scale ◽  
Spatio Temporal

AbstractA detailed knowledge on the spatial distribution of pests is crucial for predicting population outbreaks or developing control strategies and sustainable management plans. The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, is one of the most destructive pests of cruciferous crops worldwide. Despite the abundant research on the species’s ecology, little is known about the spatio-temporal pattern of P. xylostella in an agricultural landscape. Therefore, in this study, the spatial distribution of P. xylostella was characterized to assess the effect of landscape elements in a fine-scale agricultural landscape by geostatistical analysis. The P. xylostella adults captured by pheromone-baited traps showed a seasonal pattern of population fluctuation from October 2015 to September 2017, with a marked peak in spring, suggesting that mild temperatures, 15–25 °C, are favorable for P. xylostella. Geostatistics (GS) correlograms fitted with spherical and Gaussian models showed an aggregated distribution in 21 of the 47 cases interpolation contour maps. This result highlighted that spatial distribution of P. xylostella was not limited to the Brassica vegetable field, but presence was the highest there. Nevertheless, population aggregations also showed a seasonal variation associated with the growing stage of host plants. GS model analysis showed higher abundances in cruciferous fields than in any other patches of the landscape, indicating a strong host plant dependency. We demonstrate that Brassica vegetables distribution and growth stage, have dominant impacts on the spatial distribution of P. xylostella in a fine-scale landscape. This work clarified the spatio-temporal dynamic and distribution patterns of P. xylostella in an agricultural landscape, and the distribution model developed by geostatistical analysis can provide a scientific basis for precise targeting and localized control of P. xylostella.

scholarly journals Detecting Tourism Typologies of Regional Destinations Based on Their Spatio-Temporal and Socioeconomic Performance: A Correlation-Based Complex Network Approach for the Case of Greece

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-139
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Tsiotas ◽  
Thomas Krabokoukis ◽  
Serafeim Polyzos
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Complex Network ◽  
Community Detection ◽  
Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Spatial Dimension ◽  
Economic Dimension ◽  
Complex Network Analysis ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Time Patterns ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Within the context that tourism-seasonality is a composite phenomenon described by temporal, geographical, and socio-economic aspects, this article develops a multilevel method for studying time patterns of tourism-seasonality in conjunction with its spatial dimension and socio-economic dimension. The study aims to classify the temporal patterns of seasonality into regional groups and to configure distinguishable seasonal profiles facilitating tourism policy and development. The study applies a multilevel pattern recognition approach incorporating time-series assessment, correlation, and complex network analysis based on community detection with the use of the modularity optimization algorithm, on data of overnight-stays recorded for the time-period 1998–2018. The analysis reveals four groups of seasonality, which are described by distinct seasonal, geographical, and socio-economic profiles. Overall, the analysis supports multidisciplinary and synthetic research in the modeling of tourism research and promotes complex network analysis in the study of socio-economic systems, by providing insights into the physical conceptualization that the community detection based on the modularity optimization algorithm can enjoy to the real-world applications.

scholarly journals A revision of daily egg production estimation methods, with application to Atlanto-Iberian sardine. 2. Spatially and environmentally explicit estimates of egg production

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 528-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Bernal ◽  
Yorgos Stratoudakis ◽  
Simon Wood ◽  
Leire Ibaibarriaga ◽  
Luis Valdés ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Stock Assessment ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Statistical Framework ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Made In

Abstract Bernal, M., Stratoudakis, Y., Wood, S., Ibaibarriaga, L., Uriarte, A., Valdés, L., and Borchers, D. 2011. A revision of daily egg production estimation methods, with application to Atlanto-Iberian sardine. 2. Spatially and environmentally explicit estimates of egg production. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: . A spatially and environmentally explicit egg production model is developed to accommodate a number of assumptions about the relationship between egg production and mortality and associated environmental variables. The general model was tested under different assumptions for Atlanto-Iberian sardine. It provides a flexible estimator of egg production, in which a range of assumptions and hypotheses can be tested in a structured manner within a well-defined statistical framework. Application of the model to Atlanto-Iberian sardine increased the precision of the egg production time-series, and allowed improvements to be made in understanding the spatio-temporal variability in egg production, as well as implications for ecology and stock assessment.

scholarly journals Measuring the Street Layout Orientation Entropy of Cities in the Philippines

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Homer Pagkalinawan
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Variables ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
City Development ◽  
Street Network ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Quezon City ◽  
Street Layout ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
The Difference

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Selected cities in the Philippines follow, to a certain extent, an organized street layout and orientation based on a designed plan including major cities like Manila and Quezon City. However, others cities developed organically on a less organized manner, expanding haphazardly. Being the spatial backbone of these cities, street patterns controls and limits the flow of people, goods, and activities. Measuring entropy, or the state of orderliness or disorderliness, of a street network can assess the difference between a planned and an unplanned city development. Possibly, it can be correlated to the various socioeconomic variables e.g. population, density, income level, poverty level, etc. or environmental variables e.g. night time light data, urban heat, vegetation cover, etc., that characterizes a city.</p>

scholarly journals Spatial and spatio-temporal analysis of Salmonella infection in dairy herds in England and Wales

2008 ◽  
Vol 137 (6) ◽  
pp. 847-857 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. FENTON ◽  
H. E. CLOUGH ◽  
P. J. DIGGLE ◽  
S. J. EVANS ◽  
H. C. DAVISON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transition Probabilities ◽  
Spatial Clustering ◽  
Markov Chain Model ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Chain Model ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Residual Deviance

SUMMARYUsing data from a cohort study conducted by the Veterinary Laboratories Agency (VLA), evidence of spatial clustering at distances up to 30 km was found for S. Agama and S. Dublin (P values of 0·001) and borderline evidence was found for spatial clustering of S. Typhimurium (P=0·077). The evolution of infection status of study farms over time was modelled using a Markov Chain model with transition probabilities describing changes in status at each of four visits, allowing for the effect of sampling visit. The degree of geographical clustering of infection, having allowed for temporal effects, was assessed by comparing the residual deviance from a model including a measure of recent neighbourhood infection levels with one excluding this variable. The number of cases arising within a defined distance and time period of an index case was higher than expected. This provides evidence for spatial and spatio-temporal clustering, which suggests either a contagious process (e.g. through direct or indirect farm-to-farm transmission) or geographically localized environmental and/or farm factors which increase the risk of infection. The results emphasize the different epidemiology of the three Salmonella serovars investigated.

scholarly journals Drivers of male sound production and effective communication distances at fish spawning aggregation sites

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 730-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J Rowell ◽  
Gerald L D’Spain ◽  
Octavio Aburto-Oropeza ◽  
Brad E Erisman
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Sound Production ◽  
Effective Communication ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Fish Sounds ◽  
Fish Spawning ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Female Presence ◽  
Spawning Periods

Abstract While monitoring fish sounds has enhanced our understanding of spatio-temporal patterns of spawning and acoustic communication, data interpretation often fails to account for environmental effects on acoustic recordings, resulting in uncertainty of whether measures of detected fish sounds correspond to rates of sound production, specific behaviours, and abundance. In this study, we applied acoustic propagation modelling and detection theory to estimate rates of sound production of territorial, male Gulf grouper (Mycteroperca jordani) from passive acoustic recordings and evaluate effective communication distances. To assess behavioural drivers, environmentally calibrated, hourly estimates of sound production rates were compared to diver observations of courtship, spawning, and numbers of females encountered within male territories. Rates of sound production increased before sunset and were correlated to observed rates of spawning and females encountered, indicating that sound production is largely driven by female presence and increased opportunities to spawn. The mean effective communication distance was estimated to be &lt;21 m, supporting the importance of short-range communication within the observed behaviours. Our findings corroborate that fish sounds can be used to infer measures of reproductive activity and the relative abundance of both sexes during spawning periods once properly calibrated for environmental effects and detection capabilities.

scholarly journals Combined Aerobic and Resistance Exercises Evokes Longer Reductions on Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Resistant Hypertension: A Randomized Crossover Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayara Fraccari Pires ◽  
Helio José Coelho-Júnior ◽  
Bruno Bavaresco Gambassi ◽  
Ana Paula Cabral de Faria ◽  
Alessandra Mileni Versuti Ritter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Resistant Hypertension ◽  
Crossover Trial ◽  
Experimental Session ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Randomized Crossover Trial ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Resistance Exercises ◽  
Postexercise Hypotension

Aim. The present study compared the acute effects of aerobic (AER), resistance (RES), and combined (COM) exercises on blood pressure (BP) levels in people with resistant hypertension (RH) and nonresistant hypertension (NON-RH). Methods. Twenty patients (10 RH and 10 NON-RH) were recruited and randomly performed three exercise sessions and a control session. Ambulatory BP was monitored over 24 hours after each experimental session. Results. Significant reductions on ambulatory BP were found in people with RH after AER, RES, and COM sessions. Notably, ambulatory BP was reduced during awake-time and night-time periods after COM. On the other hand, the effects of AER were more prominent during awake periods, while RES caused greater reductions during the night-time period. In NON-RH, only RES acutely reduced systolic BP, while diastolic BP was reduced after all exercise sessions. However, the longest postexercise ambulatory hypotension was observed after AER (~11 h) in comparison to RES (~8 h) and COM (~4 h) exercises. Conclusion. Findings of the present study indicate that AER, RES, and COM exercises elicit systolic and diastolic postexercise ambulatory hypotension in RH patients. Notably, longer hypotension periods were observed after COM exercise. In addition, NON-RH and RH people showed different changes on BP after exercise sessions, suggesting that postexercise hypotension is influenced by the pathophysiological bases of hypertension.

scholarly journals Arabidopsis plants perform arithmetic division to prevent starvation at night

eLife ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Scialdone ◽  
Sam T Mugford ◽  
Doreen Feike ◽  
Alastair Skeffington ◽  
Philippa Borrill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological System ◽  
Kinetic Models ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Chemical Kinetic ◽  
Light Period ◽  
Starch Degradation ◽  
Degradation Pathways ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Expected Time ◽  
Time Period

Photosynthetic starch reserves that accumulate in Arabidopsis leaves during the day decrease approximately linearly with time at night to support metabolism and growth. We find that the rate of decrease is adjusted to accommodate variation in the time of onset of darkness and starch content, such that reserves last almost precisely until dawn. Generation of these dynamics therefore requires an arithmetic division computation between the starch content and expected time to dawn. We introduce two novel chemical kinetic models capable of implementing analog arithmetic division. Predictions from the models are successfully tested in plants perturbed by a night-time light period or by mutations in starch degradation pathways. Our experiments indicate which components of the starch degradation apparatus may be important for appropriate arithmetic division. Our results are potentially relevant for any biological system dependent on a food reserve for survival over a predictable time period.

P3754Comparison of the transdermal bisoprolol patch with the oral bisoprolol fumarate administration as a therapeutic agent for idiopathic frequent premature ventricular contractions

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Shinohara ◽  
R Wada ◽  
K Akitsu ◽  
T Kinoshita ◽  
H Yuzawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Premature Ventricular Contractions ◽  
Duration Of Action ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Initiation Of Therapy ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background The transdermal bisoprolol patch (TB) was designed to maintain a sustained concentration of bisoprolol in plasma by higher trough concentration than the oral bisoporolol fumarate administration (OB). It is unclear whether the TB is as effective in treating idiopathic premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) as the OB. Purpose We compared the efficacy between the TB and OB in treating idiopathic PVCs while considering their duration of action. Methods Among 198 patients with a PVC count of ≥3,000 beats/24 hours, 84 patients were divided into groups treated with TB 4mg (n=50) or OB 2.5mg (n=34). The PVCs were divided into positive heart rate (HR)-dependent PVCs (P-PVCs) and non-positive HR-dependent PVCs (NP-PVCs) based on the relationship between the hourly PVCs density and hourly mean HR. To evaluate the efficacy, PVC counts by 24-hour Holter electrocardiograms were measured at baseline and at 1 month after the initiation of the therapy. Results There were no significant between-group differences for the mean HR, PVC count, or type of PVCs. Both the TB (from 16,692±9,737 to 10,442±10,711 beats/24 hours, P<0.001) and OB (from 19,633±16,298 to 9,235±12,124 beats/24 hours, P<0.001) significantly decreased the total PVC count after the initiation of therapy, and a comparison between the two drugs showed no significant difference (P=0.46). In the P-PVC group, both the TB and OB significantly decreased the total PVC count (P<0.001, P=0.022 respectively), PVC count during the day-time (P<0.001, P=0.030 respectively), and PVC count during the night-time (P=0.0038, P=0.022 respectively). In contrast, in the NP-PVC group, neither the TB nor OB made any significantly change in the total PVC count (P=0.079, P=0.10 respectively), PVC count during the day-time (P=0.35, P=0.12 respectively), or PVC count during the night-time (P=0.11, P=0.12 respectively). The TB exhibited a significant reduction during each time period regarding the changes within 24-hours in the P-PVC count from baseline, while the OB did not significantly reduce the P-PVC count from baseline during each time period between 0 and 5 o'clock. Conclusions Compared with the OB, the TB could be used with the same efficacy for reducing the PVC count. The TB could be a more useful therapeutic agent for idiopathic P-PVCs during a 24-hour period than the OB.

scholarly journals Brachyuran Crabs (Decapoda) Associated with Rhodolith Beds: Spatio-Temporal Variability at Gran Canaria Island

Diversity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Sánchez-Latorre ◽  
Raül Triay-Portella ◽  
Marcial Cosme ◽  
Fernando Tuya ◽  
Francisco Otero-Ferrer
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Temporal Pattern ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Epiphytic Algae ◽  
Gran Canaria ◽  
Seasonal Study ◽  
Eastern Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Brachyuran Crabs ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Crustaceans are a key component of the fauna living in rhodoliths, but patterns in their distribution and abundance remain largely unknown. This paper assessed spatio-temporal variability of Brachyura associated with rhodoliths. A seasonal study was conducted at three depth layers (18, 25, and 40 m), throughout two years (December 2015 to October 2017) at Gran Canaria Island (eastern Atlantic Ocean). A total of 765 crabs belonging to 10 species were collected. A larger abundance and richness of crabs at 25 m correlated with a larger biomass of epiphytic algae attached to rhodoliths. A seasonal pattern was also observed, where a higher richness of crabs occurred in the summer. The Xanthid crab, Nanocassiope melanodactylus, dominated the assemblage (83%); juveniles of this species were more abundant in deeper waters (40 m), while adults were more abundant on the shallower depth layers (18 m and 25 m). The species Pilmunus hirtellus was restricted to 25 m. Nevertheless, Pisa carinimana and Achaeus cranchii did not show any spatio-temporal pattern. In summary, this study demonstrated that two conspicuous crabs, N. melanodactylus and P. hirtellus, associated with rhodolith beds are bathymetrically segregated.

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