scholarly journals 368Evaluation of myostatin as a possible regulator of the skeletal muscle-cortical bone interaction in adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagato Kuriyama ◽  
Etsuko Ozaki ◽  
Teruhide Koyama ◽  
Daisuke Matsui ◽  
Isao Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Muscle Metabolism ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Tracp 5B

Abstract Background Bone mass was recently reported to be related to skeletal muscle mass in humans, and a decrease in cortical bone is a risk factor for osteoporosis. Since circulating myostatin is a factor that primarily controls muscle metabolism, this study examined the role of myostatin in blood in bone mass-skeletal muscle mass interactions. Methods The subjects were 375 middle-aged community residents with no history of osteoporosis or sarcopenia who participated in a health check-up. The subjects were divided into those with low cortical bone thickness (LCT) or low cancellous bone density (LBD) and those with normal values (NCT/NBD). Bone metabolism markers (BAP, TRACP-5b, etc.), skeletal muscle mass, serum myostatin levels, and lifestyle, were then compared between the groups. Results The percentage of diabetic participants and blood HbA1c, TRACP-5b, and myostatin levels were significantly higher, and the frequency of physical activity, skeletal muscle mass, grip strength, and leg strength were significantly lower in the LCT group than in the NCT group. The odds ratio of high myostatin in the LCT group compared with the NCT group was significant (2.26) even after adjusting for related factors. Significant differences were observed in the same items between the LBD and NBD groups as between the LCT and NCT groups, with no significant differences in skeletal muscle mass and serum myostatin levels. The serum myostatin level was significantly negatively correlated with cortical bone thickness and skeletal muscle mass. Conclusions Myostatin may regulate bone-skeletal muscle interactions and serve as a surrogate marker of cortical bone metabolism. Key messages The interaction between bone and skeletal muscle is reported to be important for preserving the activity of bone and muscle metabolism. Herein, we report for the first time that myostatin may regulate bone-skeletal muscle interactions and serve as a surrogate marker of cortical bone metabolism in adults.

scholarly journals IMP2 Increases Mouse Skeletal Muscle Mass and Voluntary Activity by Enhancing Autocrine Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2 Production and Optimizing Muscle Metabolism

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Regué ◽  
Fei Ji ◽  
Daniel Flicker ◽  
Dana Kramer ◽  
William Pierce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Wheel Running ◽  
Muscle Metabolism ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Voluntary Activity ◽  
Mouse Muscle

ABSTRACT Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) mRNA binding protein 2 (IMP2) was selectively deleted from adult mouse muscle; two phenotypes were observed: decreased accrual of skeletal muscle mass after weaning and reduced wheel-running activity but normal forced treadmill performance. Reduced wheel running occurs when mice are fed a high-fat diet but is normalized when mice consume standard chow. The two phenotypes are due to altered output from different IMP2 client mRNAs. The reduced fiber size of IMP2-deficient muscle is attributable, in part, to diminished autocrine Igf2 production; basal tyrosine phosphorylation of the insulin and IGF1 receptors is diminished, and Akt1 activation is selectively reduced. Gsk3α is disinhibited, and S536-phosphorylated ε subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2B [eIF2Bε(S536)] is hyperphosphorylated. Protein synthesis is reduced despite unaltered mTOR complex 1 activity. The diet-dependent reduction in voluntary exercise is likely due to altered muscle metabolism, as contractile function is normal. IMP2-deficient muscle exhibits reduced fatty acid oxidation, due to a reduced abundance of mRNA of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), an IMP2 client, and PPARα protein. IMP2-deficient muscle fibers treated with a mitochondrial uncoupler to increase electron flux, as occurs with exercise, exhibit reduced oxygen consumption from fatty acids, with higher oxygen consumption from glucose. The greater dependence on muscle glucose metabolism during increased oxygen demand may promote central fatigue and thereby diminish voluntary activity.

scholarly journals Effects of Adolescents’ Lifestyle Habits and Body Composition on Bone Mineral Density

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 6170
Author(s):  
ChangSook Han ◽  
HyoKyung Kim ◽  
Suhee Kim
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Calcium Supplements

The incidence of osteoporosis is increasing as the population ages, as is the need to manage and prevent it. Adolescence is the period when the fastest development of bone mass takes place. Increasing adolescents’ maximum bone mass and avoiding the risk factors for its loss are effective for preventing osteoporosis. This study investigated the factors influencing adolescents’ bone mineral density (BMD). The participants were 126 middle- and high-school students from Gangwon-do; 47.6% (n = 60) were male, with an average age of 15 (range 12–18) years of age. It was found that age, carbonated beverages, snacks, and calcium supplements were variables that showed significant differences in adolescents’ BMD. Additionally, through correlation analysis, it was found that height, weight, body mass index (BMI), body water, protein, minerals, body fat mass, and skeletal muscle mass were correlated with BMD. Multiple regression analysis identified age, calcium supplements, BMI, body fat mass, and skeletal muscle mass as BMD-associated factors. These results show that adolescents’ BMD is higher with lower body fat mass, higher BMI and skeletal muscle mass, and a higher intake of calcium supplements.

Longitudinal changes to quadriceps thickness demonstrate acute sarcopenia following admission to hospital for an exacerbation of chronic respiratory disease

Thorax ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. thoraxjnl-2020-215949
Author(s):  
Hamish J C McAuley ◽  
Theresa C Harvey-Dunstan ◽  
Michelle Craner ◽  
Matthew Richardson ◽  
Sally J Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Hospital Readmission ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Quadriceps Muscle ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
And Function

Acute admission to hospital for an exacerbation of chronic respiratory disease (CRD) may impair skeletal muscle mass and function. We measured quadriceps thickness (Qthick), as a surrogate marker of muscle mass, at hospital admission, discharge, 6 weeks and 3 months in 55 patients with CRD. Qthick fell by 8.3% during the period of hospitalisation, which was sustained at 6 weeks, and only partially recovered at 3 months. Sustained loss was most marked in patients readmitted during the follow-up period. Acute reduction in quadriceps muscle mass occurs during hospitalisation, with prolonged and variable recovery, which is prevented with subsequent hospital readmission.

scholarly journals Association of Low Bone Mass with Decreased Skeletal Muscle Mass: A Cross-Sectional Study of Community-Dwelling Older Women

Healthcare ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 343
Author(s):  
Koji Nonaka ◽  
Shin Murata ◽  
Hideki Nakano ◽  
Kunihiko Anami ◽  
Kayoko Shiraiwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Low Bone Mass ◽  
T Score ◽  
Mass Group

This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of skeletal muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance among community-dwelling older women. Data were collected from 306 older adults, and the data of 214 older women were included in the final analysis. Participants’ calcaneus bone mass was measured using ultrasonography. Based on their T-scores, participants were divided into the following three groups: normal (T-score > −1), low (−2.5 < T-score ≤ −1), and very low (T-score ≤ −2.5) bone mass. Further, participants’ skeletal muscle mass, muscle strength (grip and knee extension strength), and physical performance [gait speed and timed up and go (TUG)] were measured. Arm skeletal muscle index (SMI, skeletal muscle mass/height2), leg SMI, and appendicular SMI in the very low bone mass group were low compared to those of the low bone mass group (p = 0.034, p = 0.011, and p = 0.009, respectively). Grip and knee extension strength, gait speed, and TUG were not significantly different between the groups. These findings suggest that older women with low bone density had decreased skeletal muscle mass. Therefore, maintaining or improving skeletal muscle mass may prevent low bone mass.

scholarly journals Temporal Muscle and Stroke—A Narrative Review on Current Meaning and Clinical Applications of Temporal Muscle Thickness, Area, and Volume

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahito Katsuki ◽  
Yukinari Kakizawa ◽  
Akihiro Nishikawa ◽  
Yasunaga Yamamoto ◽  
Toshiya Uchiyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Temporal Muscle ◽  
Disturbance Of Consciousness ◽  
And Function

Background: Evaluating muscle mass and function among stroke patients is important. However, evaluating muscle volume and function is not easy due to the disturbance of consciousness and paresis. Temporal muscle thickness (TMT) has been introduced as a novel surrogate marker for muscle mass, function, and nutritional status. We herein performed a narrative literature review on temporal muscle and stroke to understand the current meaning of the TMT in the clinical stroke practice. Methods: The search was performed in PubMed, last updated in October 2021. Report on temporal muscle morphomics and stroke-related diseases or clinical entities were collected. Results: Four studies reported on TMT and subarachnoid hemorrhage, 2 intracerebral hemorrhage, 2 ischemic stroke, 2 standard TMT values, and 2 nutritional status. TMT was reported as a prognostic factor for several diseases, surrogate markers for skeletal muscle mass, and an indicator of nutritional status. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasonography were used to measure TMT. Conclusions: TMT is gradually used as a prognostic factor of stroke or surrogate marker for skeletal muscle mass and nutritional status. Establishing standard methods to measure TMT and large prospective studies to investigate the further relationship between TMT and diseases are needed.

scholarly journals Influence of the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index on the bone mineral density of postmenopausal women

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Geise Ferreira da Cruz ◽  
Tatiana Mion Lunz ◽  
Tatielle Rocha de Jesus ◽  
Mariana Braga Costa ◽  
Camila Vilarinho Vidigal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Appendicular Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass Index ◽  
Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass

Abstract Background The appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) is an important risk indicator for osteoporosis because of the anatomical proximity and metabolic connection between muscle and bone mass. The present study investigated the relationship between ASMI and the bone mineral density (BMD) categories of postmenopausal women. Methods In this cross-sectional study with a probabilistic sample, sociodemographic, lifestyle, menopause time, anthropometric, and physical activity variables were collected. ASMI and BMD were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Participants were grouped according to BMD values into normal density, osteopenia, and osteoporosis. Multivariate logistic regression models were applied to verify the influence of ASMI on BMD. Data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical software, version 22. The significance level for all tests was set at 5%. Results Of the 114 women analyzed, most were between 60 and 69.9 years of age (62.3%), on menopause for ≤19.0 (51.8%), self-declared brown race/color (49.1%), had < 4 years of education (41.2%), never smoked (69.0%) or drank alcohol (62.8%). Of these, 52.6% were classified as sufficiently active and 52.2% had regular sun exposure. Women with osteoporosis were older (p = 0.035), on menopause for a longer time (p = 0.011), underweight (p = 0.004), had adequate waist circumference (p = 0.017), and low ASMI values (p = 0.002). There was an association between the 1st tertile of ASMI and osteoporosis. However, after adjustments for age, race/color, and body mass index, the strength of association between BMD and ASMI was not maintained. Conclusions ASMI was not associated with the BMD of the postmenopausal women evaluated. Total body and muscle mass, in addition to bone mass, should be monitored during menopause treatment. Longitudinal studies must be conducted to elucidate the mechanisms and gaps in this relationship.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document