scholarly journals 1145Obesity-related changes in metabolomic profiles in youth

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Toby Mansell ◽  
Matthew Sabin ◽  
Zoe McCallum ◽  
Markus Juonala ◽  
David Burgner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Metabolomic Profile ◽  
Early Effect ◽  
Analogous Data ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Obesity during childhood and adolescence is linked to subclinical atherosclerosis, metabolic dysfunction and later cardiovascular disease. Adults with obesity have metabolomic profiles that predict cardiovascular disease and mortality. Analogous data from children with obesity are sparse. Here, we aimed to investigate i) the relationship between the severity of obesity (determined by the percentage above the 95th BMI-centile (%>95th BMI-centile)) and metabolomic profiles, ii) the effect of changes in the severity of obesity on the metabolomic profile and iii) the relationship between obesity-related metabolites and subclinical atherosclerosis outcomes. Methods Participants from the Childhood Overweight Biorepository of Australia (COBRA) cohort had %>95th BMI-centile and NMR metabolomic profile (Nightingale, Finland) from fasted blood analysed at two time-points (mean interval of 5.5 years). At the follow-up visit, subclinical atherosclerosis phenotypes (carotid elasticity, carotid intima-media thickness, and pulse-wave velocity) were assessed. Results There were 98 participants who attended both visit 1 (mean %>95th BMI-centile 134.6±19.0) and visit 2 (mean %>95th BMI-centile 130.7±26.2). Higher absolute, and increasing severity, of obesity between visits were associated with increased phenylalanine, tyrosine, GlycA (a marker of chronic inflammation), and pyruvate, in both sexes (estimated increases of 0.14-0.18 standard deviations per 10% BMI-centile at visit 2, and 0.15-0.25 per 10% increase in BMI-centile between visits). There was modest evidence for a relationship between lower alanine and higher carotid elasticity. Conclusions In children with obesity, the overall severity of obesity and changes in obesity severity were associated with a metabolomic pattern that in adults is predictive of cardiovascular disease. In children, these metabolites were not related subclinical atherosclerosis; these relationships may become manifest with increasing age. Key messages There is evidence for an early effect of severe obesity on metabolomic profiles in childhood and adolescence.

scholarly journals Meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association studies of carotid intima-media thickness

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliana Portilla-Fernández ◽  
Shih-Jen Hwang ◽  
Rory Wilson ◽  
Jane Maddock ◽  
W. David Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Media Thickness

AbstractCommon carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) is an index of subclinical atherosclerosis that is associated with ischemic stroke and coronary artery disease (CAD). We undertook a cross-sectional epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) of measures of cIMT in 6400 individuals. Mendelian randomization analysis was applied to investigate the potential causal role of DNA methylation in the link between atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk factors and cIMT or clinical cardiovascular disease. The CpG site cg05575921 was associated with cIMT (beta = −0.0264, p value = 3.5 × 10–8) in the discovery panel and was replicated in replication panel (beta = −0.07, p value = 0.005). This CpG is located at chr5:81649347 in the intron 3 of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor repressor gene (AHRR). Our results indicate that DNA methylation at cg05575921 might be in the pathway between smoking, cIMT and stroke. Moreover, in a region-based analysis, 34 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified of which a DMR upstream of ALOX12 showed the strongest association with cIMT (p value = 1.4 × 10–13). In conclusion, our study suggests that DNA methylation may play a role in the link between cardiovascular risk factors, cIMT and clinical cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals Predictors of Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Interrelationship of Dyslipidemia and Arterial Blood Pressure

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Djuro Macut ◽  
Marina Bačević ◽  
Ivana Božić-Antić ◽  
Jelica Bjekić-Macut ◽  
Milorad Čivčić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Clinical Markers ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Arterial Blood

Background. Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) could develop subclinical atherosclerosis during life.Purpose. To analyze cardiovascular risk (CVR) factors and their relation to clinical markers of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in respect to their age.Material and Methods. One hundred women with PCOS (26.32±5.26years, BMI:24.98±6.38 kg/m2) were compared to 50 respective controls. In all subjects, total cholesterol (TC), HDL-C, LDL-C, triglycerides, TC/HDL-C and TG/HDL-C ratios, glucose, insulin and HOMA index, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP, resp.), and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) were analyzed in respect to their age and level of androgens.Results. PCOS over 30 years had higher WHR (P=0.008), SBP (P<0.001), DBP (P<0.001), TC (P=0.028), HDL-C (P=0.028), LDL-C (P=0.045), triglycerides (P<0.001), TC/HDL-C (P<0.001), and triglycerides/HDL-C (P<0.001) and had more prevalent hypertension and pronounced CIMT on common carotid arteries even after adjustment for BMI (P=0.005and 0.036, resp.). TC/HDL-C and TG/HDL-C were higher in PCOS with the highest quintile of FAI in comparison to those with lower FAI (P=0.045and 0.034, resp.).Conclusions. PCOS women older than 30 years irrespective of BMI have the potential for early atherosclerosis mirrored through the elevated lipids/lipid ratios and through changes in blood pressure.

Abstract P047: Association of 1,5-anhydroglucitol with Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease

Circulation ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 133 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Menglu Liang ◽  
John William (Bill) McEvoy ◽  
Yuan Chen ◽  
A. Richey Sharrett ◽  
Elizabeth Selvin
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Troponin T ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Myocardial Damage ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Cardiac Damage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease

Introduction: Serum 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) concentrations decrease in the setting of acute hyperglycemia, making 1,5-AG a useful biomarker of glucose peaks. In recent studies, 1,5-AG has been associated with clinical cardiovascular disease events. However, the association between 1,5-AG and subclinical vascular disease is unknown. Hypothesis: 1,5-AG will be associated with subclinical myocardial damage (assessed by cardiac troponin T measured using a novel highly sensitive assay (hs-cTnT)) and subclinical atherosclerosis (assessed by ultrasound-detected carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT)), particularly in persons with diabetes. Methods: We measured 1,5-AG in 10,753 participants in the ARIC Study at visit 2 (1990[[Unable to Display Character: &#8211;]]1992) and conducted a cross-sectional analysis to characterize the associations of 1,5-AG with elevated hs-cTnT (≥ 14 ng/L) or thick cIMT (top quartile, ≥0.79 mm) using logistic regression models. We also evaluated the prospective association between baseline 1,5-AG and incident elevated hs-cTnT at 6-years using Poisson regression models. Results: Among diabetics, those with 1,5-AG <6 ug/mL were 5 times more likely to have prevalent elevated hs-TnT at baseline compared to non-diabetics with 1,5-AG >10 ug/mL (adjusted OR 4.67, 95%CI, 3.27[[Unable to Display Character: &#8211;]]6.68) and almost 2 times more likely to be in the top quartile of the cIMT (adjusted OR 1.75, 95%CI 1.39-2.19). 1,5-AG <6 ug/mL in persons with diabetes was also significantly associated with 6-year incident elevated hs-TnT: RR 2.26 (95%CI, 1.50[[Unable to Display Character: &#8211;]]3.39). The associations of 1,5-AG with elevated hs-TnT and thick cIMT were non-linear and mostly driven by persons with diabetes (Figure). Conclusions: 1,5-AG was associated with prevalent and incident subclinical cardiovascular disease in persons with diabetes in the community. Our results suggest that glucose peaks may be relevant for the development of subclinical cardiac damage and atherosclerosis in persons with diabetes.

scholarly journals Association of Visceral Adipose Tissue and Subclinical Atherosclerosis in US‐Born Mexican Americans but not First Generation Immigrants

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarence Gill ◽  
Miryoung Lee ◽  
Kristina P. Vatcheva ◽  
Nahid Rianon ◽  
Beverly Smulevitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
First Generation Immigrants ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Background Excess visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is a primary driver for the cardiometabolic complications of obesity; VAT‐associated cardiovascular disease risk varies by race, but most studies have been done on Non‐Hispanics. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and metabolic correlates of VAT, its association with subclinical atherosclerosis, and the factors affecting this association in Mexican Americans. Methods and Results Participants (n=527) were drawn from the Cameron County Hispanic Cohort (CCHC), on whom a carotid ultrasound to assess carotid intima media thickness and a dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry scan to assess for VAT were obtained. Those in the highest quartiles of VAT were more likely to have hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, low high‐density lipoprotein, diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome. Increased carotid intima media thickness was more prevalent in those in the highest quartile for VAT (57.4% versus 15.4% for the lowest quartile; P <0.001). There was a graded increase in mean carotid intima media thickness with increasing VAT, after adjusting for covariates; for every 10 cm 2 increase in VAT, there was an increase of 0.004 mm (SE=0.002; P =0.0299) in mean carotid intima media thickness. However, this association was only seen among second or higher generation US‐born Mexican Americans but not among first generation immigrants ( P =0.024). Conclusions Excess VAT is associated with indicators of metabolic disorders and subclinical atherosclerosis in Mexican Americans regardless of body mass index. However, acculturation appears to be an important modulator of this association. Longitudinal follow‐up with targeted interventions among second or higher generation Hispanics to lower VAT and improve cardiometabolic risk may help prevent premature cardiovascular disease in this cohort.

scholarly journals The Evaluation of Serum Endocan, ADAMTS-13 and P-Selectin Levels in Predicting Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Patients with Adrenal Incidentaloma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulsum Gonulalan ◽  
Ummugulsum Can ◽  
Mehmet Akif Bor ◽  
Umut Gonulalan
Keyword(s):  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Adrenal Incidentaloma ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adrenocortical Adenoma ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Morning Cortisol ◽  
The Relationship

Objectives: To investigate the cardiometabolic risk factors as endocan, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), ADAMTS-13, p-selectin as a predictor of atherosclerosis in patients with non-functional adrenocortical adenoma (NFAI). Methods: We included 44 patients with NFAI and 44 healthy individuals as the control group. The demographic, laboratory findings and anthropometric measurements were evaluated. The levels of serum endocan, p-selectin, ADAMTS-13 and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) measurement were evaluated. Results: There was no difference between the control group and the patients with NFAI in terms of BMI, WC, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, HDL-C, ACTH, morning cortisol, ADAMTS-13 and p-selectin levels. However, the levels of waist-hip ratio, total cholesterol, insulin, HOMA-IR, LDL-C, CIMT, endocan were significantly higher in the NFAI group in comparison with the control group (p< 0.05). The levels of DHEAS were found significantly lower in the patients with NFAI (p<0.05). There was a positive correlation between ADAMTS-13, and endocan and p-selectin (r=0.436; p=0.003, r=0.414; p=0.005). Conclusions: This is the first study investigating the relationship between endocan, p-selectin, ADAMTS-13 levels and NFAI. Increased endocan levels and decreased DHEAS levels might be used as the indicators of atherosclerosis in patients with NFAI. CIMT was also found as an independent predictor for NFAI. Evaluation of cardiac and metabolic parameters is important in conservative treatment of patients with NFAI. Key Worlds: Adrenal Incidentaloma, Endocan, P-Selectin, ADAMTS-13

scholarly journals Red Blood Cell Distribution Width Is Associated with Carotid Atherosclerosis in People with Type 2 Diabetes

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Nam ◽  
C. W. Ahn ◽  
S. Kang ◽  
K. R. Kim ◽  
J. S. Park
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
The Relationship

Aims. Red cell distribution width (RDW) has been shown to be associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The relationship between RDW and carotid intima-media thickness (C-IMT), a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis, has been inconsistent in subjects with cardiovascular risk factors. In this study, we investigated the relationship between RDW and carotid atherosclerosis in people with type 2 diabetes. Methods. Four hundred sixty-nine people with type 2 diabetes without history of cardiovascular or cerebrovascular diseases were enrolled. Anthropometric measures and various biochemical parameters including RDW were assessed. Ultrasonographic measurement of carotid intima-media thickness was used to evaluate subclinical atherosclerosis. Results. The participants were stratified into 3 groups according to RDW. The C-IMT increased gradually according to RDW tertiles (lowest, second, highest RDW tertiles; 0.740 ± 0.120, 0.772 ± 0.138, and 0.795 ± 0.139, respectively; p<0.01). Multiple regression analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that RDW was associated with C-IMT in people with type 2 diabetes, and it remained significant after control for various cardiovascular risk factors including body mass index, blood pressure, insulin resistance, and smoking status in multivariate logistic regression analysis. Conclusion. RDW is associated with subclinical atherosclerosis assessed by carotid IMT after control of various covariates in people with type 2 diabetes without cardiovascular or cerebrovascular diseases.

scholarly journals Development of genome-wide polygenic risk scores for lipid traits and clinical applications for dyslipidemia, subclinical atherosclerosis, and diabetes cardiovascular complications among East Asians

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia H. T. Tam ◽  
◽  
Cadmon K. P. Lim ◽  
Andrea O. Y. Luk ◽  
Alex C. W. Ng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Standard Deviation Increase ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background The clinical utility of personal genomic information in identifying individuals at increased risks for dyslipidemia and cardiovascular diseases remains unclear. Methods We used data from Biobank Japan (n = 70,657–128,305) and developed novel East Asian-specific genome-wide polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for four lipid traits. We validated (n = 4271) and subsequently tested associations of these scores with 3-year lipid changes in adolescents (n = 620), carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in adult women (n = 781), dyslipidemia (n = 7723), and coronary heart disease (CHD) (n = 2374 cases and 6246 controls) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients. Results Our PRSs aggregating 84–549 genetic variants (0.251 < correlation coefficients (r) < 0.272) had comparably stronger association with lipid variations than the typical PRSs derived based on the genome-wide significant variants (0.089 < r < 0.240). Our PRSs were robustly associated with their corresponding lipid levels (7.5 × 10− 103 < P < 1.3 × 10− 75) and 3-year lipid changes (1.4 × 10− 6 < P < 0.0130) which started to emerge in childhood and adolescence. With the adjustments for principal components (PCs), sex, age, and body mass index, there was an elevation of 5.3% in TC (β ± SE = 0.052 ± 0.002), 11.7% in TG (β ± SE = 0.111 ± 0.006), 5.8% in HDL-C (β ± SE = 0.057 ± 0.003), and 8.4% in LDL-C (β ± SE = 0.081 ± 0.004) per one standard deviation increase in the corresponding PRS. However, their predictive power was attenuated in T2D patients (0.183 < r < 0.231). When we included each PRS (for TC, TG, and LDL-C) in addition to the clinical factors and PCs, the AUC for dyslipidemia was significantly increased by 0.032–0.057 in the general population (7.5 × 10− 3 < P < 0.0400) and 0.029–0.069 in T2D patients (2.1 × 10− 10 < P < 0.0428). Moreover, the quintile of TC-related PRS was moderately associated with cIMT in adult women (β ± SE = 0.011 ± 0.005, Ptrend = 0.0182). Independent of conventional risk factors, the quintile of PRSs for TC [OR (95% CI) = 1.07 (1.03–1.11)], TG [OR (95% CI) = 1.05 (1.01–1.09)], and LDL-C [OR (95% CI) = 1.05 (1.01–1.09)] were significantly associated with increased risk of CHD in T2D patients (4.8 × 10− 4 < P < 0.0197). Further adjustment for baseline lipid drug use notably attenuated the CHD association. Conclusions The PRSs derived and validated here highlight the potential for early genomic screening and personalized risk assessment for cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals Dietary zinc intake is inversely related to subclinical atherosclerosis measured by carotid intima-media thickness

2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (8) ◽  
pp. 1202-1211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoon Jung Yang ◽  
Bo Youl Choi ◽  
Byung-Yeol Chun ◽  
Sun-Seog Kweon ◽  
Young-Hoon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Carotid Imt ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between dietary Zn intake and the risk of atherosclerosis remains unclear, and no epidemiological studies have been reported on the effects of dietary Zn intake on morphological changes in the vascular wall. We examined the relationship between dietary Zn intake and common carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) as a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis among the middle-aged and elderly populations. A cross-sectional analysis of a prospective cohort baseline study was performed with 4564 adults aged 40–89 years and free of clinical CVD. Dietary data were collected by trained interviewers using an FFQ. Common carotid IMT was measured using a B-mode ultrasound imaging technique. Subclinical atherosclerosis was determined using carotid IMT, and defined as >80th percentile of carotid IMT or ≥ 1 mm of carotid IMT. After adjustment for potential confounders, the mean carotid IMT in the low Zn intake group was higher than that in the high Zn intake group. When subclinical atherosclerosis was defined as >80th percentile value of IMT or ≥ 1 mm of carotid IMT, after adjustment for potential confounders, Zn intake was inversely related to subclinical atherosclerosis (5thv.1st quintile, OR 0·64, 95 % CI 0·45, 0·90,Pfor trend = 0·069; 5thv.1st quintile, OR 0·34, 95 % CI 0·16, 0·70,Pfor trend = 0·005, respectively). In persons free of clinical CVD, dietary Zn intake was inversely correlated with subclinical atherosclerosis. The present findings suggest a putative protective role of dietary Zn intake against the development of atherosclerosis.

Healthy lifestyle moderates the relationship between cardiovascular disease with blood pressure, body composition, carotid intima-media thickness, and glycated hemoglobin among adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 539-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago Rodrigues de Lima ◽  
David Alejandro González-Chica ◽  
Yara Maria Franco Moreno ◽  
Diego Augusto Santos Silva
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Clinical Variables ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Lifestyle Recommendations ◽  
The Relationship

We investigate whether the adherence to healthy lifestyle recommendations (regular physical activity, healthy diet, reduced alcohol consumption, nonsmoking) moderates the relationship between cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk factors (obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension) with clinical variables among adults. This cross-sectional population-based study comprised 862 adults (39.3 ± 11.4 years, 46.4% men) from Florianópolis, Brazil. Clinical variables were systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), percentage of body fat, muscular strength, carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), high sensitive C-reactive protein, and lipid and glucose metabolism markers. Multiple linear regression adjusted for confounding factors was used. Reduced IMT and HbA1c were observed in males with CVD or its risk factors who adopted healthy lifestyle recommendations (p < 0.001), and lower SBP levels were observed in females without CVD or its risk factors (p = 0.034). Females with CVD or its risk factors who followed healthy lifestyle recommendations showed higher BMI (p = 0.035). Adherence to number of healthy lifestyle recommendations moderated cardiovascular health in adults with CVD and without CVD. Novelty The adherence to healthy lifestyle recommendations moderated the relationship between IMT and HbA1c with CVD or its risk factors among males. The lower values of SBP among females without CVD or its risk factors were moderated by the adherence to healthy lifestyle recommendations.

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