scholarly journals 502Modelling Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma genitalium transmission in men who have sex with men

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianglong Xu ◽  
Christopher K Fairley ◽  
Lei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Compartmental Models ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Oral Sex ◽  
Anal Sex ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Sex With Men

Abstract Background Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) are two common sexually transmitted infections in men who have sex with men that are assumed to be transmitted only by oral and anal sex. However, this assumption has not been tested in mathematical models before. Methods To test a variety of potential transmission routes against the known proportion of infections at the oropharynx, mouth and anus, we established 20 compartmental models involving different sexual practices. We tested transmission by a) only anal sex and oral sex; b) adding rimming and kissing to anal and oral sex, and c) adding sequential sexual practices (e.g. oral sex followed by oral-anal sex (rimming) or vice versa. Results We could not replicate the proportion of anatomical sites infected with CT using anal or oral sex alone or by adding riming and kissing. However, if we included sequential sexual practices, then we were able to replicate the prevalence of CT at each site including infection at more than one site. In contrast, we were able to replicate infection for MG at the three sites using transmission routes that involved only anal sex and oral sex without the need for adding any other routes of transmission. Conclusions Our model indicates that more complicated transmission routes are required to explain the observed prevalence of infection with CT, but that for MG transmission involving only anal and oral sex is sufficient. Key messages Unlike CT, MG transmission does not require more complicated transmission routes.

scholarly journals Modelling the multiple anatomical site transmission of Mycoplasma genitalium among men who have sex with men in Australia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianglong Xu ◽  
Catriona S. Bradshaw ◽  
Eric P. F. Chow ◽  
Jason J. Ong ◽  
Jane S. Hocking ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Oral Sex ◽  
Anatomical Site ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Anal Sex ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Sex With Men

AbstractMycoplasma genitalium (M. genitalium) is a recently recognised and important sexually transmitted infection among men who have sex with men (MSM). The role of oral sex, rimming, and kissing on M. genitalium transmission in MSM is unclear. We created four deterministic susceptible-infectious-susceptible epidemic models to examine the role that different sexual behaviours play in transmitting M. genitalium at the oropharynx, urethra anorectum among men who have sex with men in Australia. Our results suggest that oral and anal sex without other sexual practices (model 1) replicate well single site infection at the oropharynx, urethra and anorectum and also multi-site infection. If kissing or rimming are added to model 1 (i.e., model 2–4) no substantial improvements in the calibration of the models occur. Model 1 estimates that 3.4% of infections occur at the oropharynx, 34.8% at the urethra and 61.8% at the anorectum. Model 1 also estimates that the proportion of incident M. genitalium transmitted by anal sex was 82.4%, and by oral sex was about 17.6%. Our findings could provide an enhanced understanding of M. genitalium transmission in MSM, thus providing insights into what sexual practices contribute most to transmission.

scholarly journals Chlamydia trachomatis transmission between the oropharynx, urethra and anorectum in men who have sex with men: a mathematical model

BMC Medicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianglong Xu ◽  
Eric P. F. Chow ◽  
Jason J. Ong ◽  
Christian J. P. A. Hoebe ◽  
Zhuoru Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Oral Sex ◽  
Anal Sex ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Saliva Contamination

Abstract Background It has been presumed that Chlamydia trachomatis is transmitted between men only through anal or oral sex, but no mathematical models have tested this presumption. Methods To test this presumption, we created 20 compartmental mathematical models of different sexual practices that included both oral and anal sex and calibrated these models to the observed rates of Chlamydia trachomatis infection at three anatomical sites from 4888 men who have sex with men (MSM) in Melbourne Sexual Health Centre during 2018–2019. Results A model that included only oral and anal sex could replicate the observed rates of single-site infection at the oropharynx, urethra and rectum alone, but could not replicate infection at more than one of these sites (multisite). However, if we included transmission from sexual practices that followed one another in the same sexual episode (e.g. saliva contamination of the penis from oral sex transmitting chlamydia to the rectum by anal sex), we significantly improved the calibration of multisite infection rates substantially. Conclusions Our modelling study suggests that transmission routes other than just oral and anal sex are necessary to explain the high rate of Chlamydia trachomatis infection at more than one site.

scholarly journals Beyond Anal Sex: Sexual Practices of Men Who Have Sex With Men and Associations With HIV and Other Sexually Transmitted Infections

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cara E. Rice ◽  
Courtney Maierhofer ◽  
Karen S. Fields ◽  
Melissa Ervin ◽  
Stephanie T. Lanza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Anal Sex ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Sex With Men

scholarly journals Trends and differences in sexual practices and sexually transmitted infections in men who have sex with men only (MSMO) and men who have sex with men and women (MSMW): a repeated cross-sectional study in Melbourne, Australia

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e037608
Author(s):  
Mario Martín-Sánchez ◽  
Richard Case ◽  
Christopher Fairley ◽  
Jane S Hocking ◽  
Catriona Bradshaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Anal Sex ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Receptive Anal Sex ◽  
Sex With Men

ObjectivesIn the 2010s, there has been an increase in sexually transmitted infections (STI) in men who have sex with men (MSM) in Australia, and since 2015 also in urban heterosexuals. Men who have sex with both men and women (MSMW) have characteristics that may differ from both men who have sex with men only (MSMO) and heterosexual men. We aimed to compare the sexual practices and the trends in HIV/STI positivity between MSMO and MSMW.DesignRepeated cross-sectional study.SettingA sexual health centre in Melbourne, Australia.ParticipantsMSM aged 18 years and above who attended the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre for the first time between 2011 and 2018. This includes 12 795 MSMO and 1979 MSMW.Primary outcome measuresDemographic characterics, sexual practices and HIV/STI positivity.ResultsCompared with MSMW, MSMO were more likely to practice anal sex and to have condomless receptive anal sex with casual male partners, and less likely to have a current regular relationship. Over the 8-year period, there was an increase in condomless receptive anal sex with casual male partners for both groups (MSMO: from 46.2% to 63.3%, ptrend <0.001; MSMW: from 41.3% to 57.9%, ptrend=0.011). Syphilis positivity increased in MSMO (from 5.5% to 7.9%, ptrend=0.012) and MSMW (from 0.9% to 6.4%, ptrend=0.004) and HIV remained stable. Gonorrhoea increased among MSMO from 2011 to 2014 (from 6.7% to 9.6%, ptrend=0.002), and remained stable from 2015 to 2018. MSMO had higher odds of testing positive for gonorrhoea (adjusted OR (aOR) 1.36, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.64), chlamydia (aOR 1.39, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.67), syphilis (aOR 1.74, 95% CI 1.37 to 2.22) and HIV (aOR 4.60, 95% CI 2.43 to 8.70) than MSMW.ConclusionsMSMW have overall lower condomless sex and lower HIV/STI positivity. In the last years, changes in sexual practices in MSM have affected both MSMW and MSMO leading to an increased STI risk.

scholarly journals Association between Sexual Habits and Sexually Transmitted Infections at a Specialised Centre in Granada (Spain)

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6881
Author(s):  
Raquel Casado Santa-Bárbara ◽  
César Hueso-Montoro ◽  
Adelina Martín-Salvador ◽  
María Adelaida Álvarez-Serrano ◽  
María Gázquez-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infection ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Oral Sex ◽  
Anal Sex ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted

Sexually transmitted infections are an important public health issue. The purpose of this study is to analyse the association between different sexual habits and the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections in the population of Granada who consult with a specialised centre. An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted based on the medical records of 678 people from the Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Sexual Orientation Centre of Granada, who were diagnosed positively or negatively with a sexually transmitted infection, during the 2000−2014 period. Sociodemographic and clinical data, as well as data on frequency and type of sexual habits, frequency of condom use and sexually transmitted infection positive or negative diagnosis were collected. Univariate and bivariate analyses were conducted. The most popular sexual habits were vaginal intercourse, oral sex (mouth–vagina and mouth–penis) and the least popular were anus–mouth and anal sex. The use of condom is frequent in vaginal and anal sex and less frequent in oral sex. Sexually transmitted infection is associated with mouth–penis (p = 0.004) and mouth–vagina (p = 0.023) oral sex and anal sex (p = 0.031). It is observed that there is a relationship between the presence of STIs and oral sex practices, people having such practices being the ones who use condoms less frequently. There is also a relationship between anal sex and the prevalence of STIs, although in such sexual practice the use of condom does prevail.

scholarly journals The Duality of Oral Sex for Men Who Have Sex with Men: An Examination Into the Increase of Sexually Transmitted Infections Amid the Age of HIV Prevention

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 261-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiffany R. Glynn ◽  
Don Operario ◽  
Madeline Montgomery ◽  
Alexi Almonte ◽  
Philip A. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Oral Sex ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Sex With Men

scholarly journals INCIDENCE OF SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS: LOCAL STUDY IN UKRAINE

World Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (8(36)) ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
Fedorych P. V. ◽  
Mavrov G. I.
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Ureaplasma Urealyticum ◽  
Mycoplasma Hominis ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Local Study ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Clinically Significant

Introduction.The structure of incidence of sexually transmitted infections is changing constantly. Information on such changes supports correct planning of clinical and diagnostic activities of institutions providing specialized medical care by qualified specialists.Objective:to investigate the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections with pathogens clinically significant to the genitourinary system in Ukraine and at the local level.Materials and methods. Polymerase chain reaction was used to test the biological material obtained from the genitourinary clinical specimens from subjects with sexually transmitted infections, who underwent clinical and laboratory examinations in Oleksandrivsk Clinical Hospital (Kyiv, Ukraine) for Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma hominis, Mycoplasma genitalium, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Trichomonas vaginalis, Human papillomavirus, and Neisseria gonorrhoea. During 2017, 607 subjects of both genders, including 295 (48.6%) females and 312 (51.4%) males, were examined. Their mean age was 32±3.5.Findings. Chlamydia trachomatis was found in 159 (26.2%) of 607 examined subjects – 85 males and 74 females. Mycoplasma hominis was found in 122 of 585 (21.1%) examined subjects – 64 males and 58 females. Mycoplasma genitalium, respectively, in 17 (6.62%) of 258 subjects – 6 males and 11 females. Ureaplasma urealyticum was found in the largest number of subjects (305, i.e. in 48.77% of 601 examined subjects) – 157 males and 148 females. Trichomonas vaginalis was found in 28 (5.23%) of 535 subjects – 15 males and 13 females. Human papillomavirus was found in 158 of 297 (53.2%) examined subjects – 88 males and 70 females. Neisseria gonorrhea was found in 33 of 297 (8.45%) subjects – 8 males and 25 females.Conclusions. As suggested by the local study of the sexually transmitted infections incidence in Ukraine, the most clinically significant for the genitourinary system are Human papillomavirus (53.2%), Ureaplasma urealyticum (48.77%), Chlamydia trachomatis (26.2%) and Mycoplasma hominis (21.1%). Therefore, tests for these pathogens in the specified region is currently the most appropriate during diagnostic examinations and counselling of subjects with genitourinary infections.

scholarly journals Knowledge and perception of young adults in Nigeria on effectiveness of condom use in prevention of sexually transmitted infections

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Emeka Anyanwu ◽  
John Fulton
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Anal Sex ◽  
Sti Prevention ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
The World ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
Sex With Men

Abstract Background: Although sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a global health problem affecting every region of the world, the higher prevalence and mortality rate of STIs in developing countries of the world, like Nigeria, make them serious public health issues in this region. Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge and perception of young adults in Nigeria on the role of condom (both male and female condoms) as a preventive measure against STIs during heterosexual and homosexual intercourse. Materials and methods: Data was collected from participants selected from the northern and southern Nigeria using self-administered questionnaire specifically designed for this study. Results: Knowledge of condom efficacy in STI prevention was satisfactory. However, knowledge and practice of the correct use of condom was poor. Only 47.1% of the 102 participants in this study reported correct condom use of wearing condoms before staring intercourse and removing condoms after ejaculation. As a strategy to include the experiences, knowledge and perception of men who have sex with men, this study asked the question on condom use during anal sex. Only 24.4% of the male participants indicated they have never had anal sex while for females, the percentage was more than half (53.5%). Condom use during anal sex was low with only 20.6% of participants reporting condom use during anal sex. Negative perceptions about condom use – such as that condom use promotes sexual promiscuity, and not using condoms with steady sexual partners – were significant in this study. Also, condom use errors were common in this study. Conclusion: There is a wide gap in knowledge of correct condom use in this population. There is need for interventions that address the issue of condom use during anal and same-sex sexual intercourse in this population.

scholarly journals Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium, Mycoplasma hominis, and Ureaplasma spp. Coinfection in an HIV-Positive Homosexual Man

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Khullar ◽  
Jyoti Rawre ◽  
Deepika Yadav ◽  
Neena Khanna ◽  
Benu Dhawan
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Mycoplasma Hominis ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Oropharyngeal Swab ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Multiple Male ◽  
Ureaplasma Spp

AbstractA 21-year-old human immunodeficiency virus-positive male patient presented with complaints of multiple hyperpigmented verrucous papules over his perianal area. He reported having unprotected anal and oral sex with multiple male partners. On examination, superficial ill-defined perianal erosions were present. A first void urine sample and clinician-collected rectal and oropharyngeal swabs were sent for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium, Mycoplasma hominis, and Ureaplasma spp. Rectal swab tested positive for all the four pathogens. Oropharyngeal swab and urine samples tested positive for C. trachomatis. The patient was treated with doxycycline and moxifloxacin. This case underscores the importance of screening of men who have sex with men for possible coinfections with multiple sexually transmitted pathogens.

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