Diverging associations of maternal age with low birthweight for black and white mothers

2003 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet W Rich-Edwards ◽  
Stephen L Buka ◽  
Robert T Brennan ◽  
Felton Earls
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Age ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Black And White ◽  
White Mothers

Impact of Maternal and Child Race on Maternal Ratings of ADHD Symptoms in Black and White Boys

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 1246-1254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Barrett ◽  
George J. DuPaul
Keyword(s):  
Adhd Symptom ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Free Play ◽  
Black Mothers ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Black And White ◽  
White Mothers ◽  
Symptom Ratings ◽  
Assessment Measures

Objective: Examine the influence of maternal and child race on ADHD symptom ratings. Method: Participants were Black ( n = 63) and White ( n = 68) mothers randomly assigned to view a 13-min videotape of either a Black or White boy displaying similar levels of ADHD-related behaviors during free play and meal situations. Mothers then completed an ADHD rating scale. Results: With maternal age and socioeconomic status (SES) as covariates, Black mothers provided significantly higher ratings of inattentive and hyperactive–impulsive symptoms than did White mothers regardless of child race. The effect of child race was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Maternal race appears to be more important than child race in accounting for differences in ADHD symptom ratings between Black and White boys. It is critical to understand variables related to these differences and develop assessment measures that lead to equivalent, accurate diagnostic decisions across racial subgroups.

State Policies, Racial Disparities, and Income Support: A Way to Address Infant Outcomes and the Persistent Black-White Gap?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean E. Robinson ◽  
Jessica Pearlman
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
State Policies ◽  
Black Mothers ◽  
Racial Inequalities ◽  
Black And White ◽  
White Mothers ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Low-birthweight and preterm births vary by state, and black mothers typically face twice the risk that their white counterparts do. This gap reflects an accumulation of psychosocial and material exposures which include interpersonal racism, as well as differential experience with area-level deprivation like residential segregation, and other harmful exposures that we refer to as “institutional” or “structural” racism. We use logistic regression models and a data set that includes all births from 1994-2017, as well as five state policies from this period—Aid to Families with Dependent Children/Temporary Aid for Needy Families, Housing Assistance, Medicaid, Minimum Wage and Earned Income Tax Credit—to examine whether these state social policies, designed to provide a financial “safety net,” are associated with risk reduction of low birthweight and preterm birth to black and white mothers, and whether variations in state generosity attenuate the racial inequalities in birth outcomes. We also examine whether the relationship between state policies and racial inequalities in birth outcomes is moderated by the education level of the mother. We find that the EITC reduces the risk of low birthweight and preterm birth for black mothers. The impact is much less consistent for white mothers. For both black and white mothers, the benefits to birth outcomes are larger for mothers with less education.

Low Birthweight in Twins: Black and White Differences

1993 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.L. Waller ◽  
A. Ross ◽  
R.E. Hoskins ◽  
J.R. Daling
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Birth Certificate ◽  
Black Mothers ◽  
Very Low Birthweight ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Risk Increase ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
White Mothers

AbstractWashington State birth certificate data for the years 1984-1988 were analyzed for 2,804 mothers of twins in order to determine whether black mothers of twins have a higher risk of delivering a low birthweight twin infant than white mothers. Seventy four percent of black mothers of twins gave birth to an infant weighing < 2500 grams (white 52.9%), while slightly less than 20% gave birth to an infant weighing <1500 grams (white 9.4%). After adjustment for maternal age, parity and marital status, the risk of black mothers giving birth to at least one twin infant <2500 grams relative to white mothers was 1.3 (95% confidence interval, 1.2, 1.5). When this analysis was restricted to very low birthweight babies (<1500 grams), the relative risk for infants of black mothers compared to white mothers adjusted for the same factors was 2.1 (95% confidence interval, 1.5, 3.0). The frequency of neonatal mortality in the study population was also assessed. The overall frequency of mortality in black twin infants was double that in white twins infants. When stratified by birthweight category, the frequency was higher in white infants (30.2%) than in black infants (24.1%) weighing less than 1500 grams at birth. However, within higher birthweight categories, (≥1500 grams to <2500 grams and >2500 grams), relative frequencies of neonatal mortality were higher in black infants. This analysis reveals that black mothers of twins are more likely to deliver low birthweight twin infants than white mothers. The increased risk is even more pronounced in very low birthweight twin pairs. However, the additional risks for low birthweight black twin pairs and very low birthweight twin pairs found in this study are lower than the risk increase commonly reported for the respective birthweight categories in black singleton infants relative to white singleton infants. This implies that while black twin pregnancies require many of the same special antepartum considerations given to black singleton pregnancies, the increased baseline risks associated with low birthweight and very low birthweight twin deliveries offset racial disparities traditionally seen in singleton infants.

scholarly journals Maternal Factors in the Incidences of Low Birthweight Infants Among Black and White Mothers

1978 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1016-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert C Miller ◽  
Khatab Hassanein ◽  
Paul A Hensleigh
Keyword(s):  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Maternal Factors ◽  
Black And White ◽  
White Mothers

scholarly journals Some Risk Factors for Low Birthweight Infants at Manado Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 94-100
Author(s):  
S. M. Salendu W. ◽  
Sutomo Raharjo ◽  
Immanuel Mustadjab ◽  
Nan Warouw
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Retardation ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Hypertension In Pregnancy ◽  
History Of ◽  
In Pregnancy

The risk factors of low birthweight infants were assessed in a retrospective study covering 3607 singleton livebirth infants at Manado Hospital from January until December 1993. The analysis confirmed that patterns of risk birthweight hypertension in pregnancy (P<0.01), maternal education (P<0.01), maternal age (P<0.05), and parity (P<0.01), marital status (P<0.01), history of abortion (P<0.05), and parity (P<0.01). Anemia in pregnancy was also associated with birthweight in low birth weight (P<0.05). Asymetric intrauterine growth retardation (Ponderal Index below 2.32) was found both in premature and term infants.

Preterm birth, low birthweight, and small for gestational age among women with preeclampsia: Does maternal age matter?

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 260-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Li ◽  
Weishe Zhang ◽  
Jianhua Lin ◽  
Huai Liu ◽  
Zujing Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Low Birthweight

scholarly journals Association between Maternal Smoking during Pregnancy and Low Birthweight: Effects by Maternal Age

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e0146241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zheng ◽  
Kohta Suzuki ◽  
Taichiro Tanaka ◽  
Moriyasu Kohama ◽  
Zentaro Yamagata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Smoking ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy

Social Economic Determinants of Birth Weight: Path Analysis Evidence from Situbondo, East Java

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eti Kuswandari ◽  
◽  
Harsono Salimo ◽  
Yulia Lanti Retno Dewi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Smoke Exposure ◽  
Cigarette Smoke Exposure ◽  
Maternal Knowledge

ABSTRACT Background: Social economics and environmental factors contribute to low birthweight. Cigarette exposure to tobacco smoke in pregnant women has been discerned as an important risk factor for low birth weight. The purpose of this study was to investigate social economic determinants of birth weight using path analysis model. Subjects and Method: A case control study was carried out at Asembagus community health center, Situbondo, East Java. The study population was children aged 0-1 years. A sample of 150 children with normal birthweight and 50 children with low birth weight was selected randomly. The dependent variable was low bierthweight. The independent variables were maternal age, maternal employment status, family income, maternal knowledge, and cigarette smoke exposure. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis. Results: The risk of low birthweight was directly and positively associated with maternal age <20 or ≥35 years (b= 1.78; 95% CI= 0.83 to 2.73; p<0.001), low maternal education (<Senior high school) (b= 0.93; 95% CI= 0.00 to 1.86; p= 0.049), mother work outside the home (b= 1.24; 95% CI= 0.26 to 2.22; p= 0.013), low family income low (b= 1.33; 95% CI= 0.42 to 2.24; p= 0.004), low maternal knowledge (b= 1.17; 95% CI= 0.13 to 2.21; p= 0.026), and high cigarette smoke exposure (b= 1.11; CI 95%= 0.08 to 2.13; p= 0.035). The risk of low birthweight was indirectly and positively associated with maternal education, maternal knowledge, and family income. Conclusion: The risk of low birthweight is directly and positively associated with maternal age <20 or ≥35 years, low maternal education (<Senior high school), mother work outside the home, low family income low, low maternal knowledge, and high cigarette smoke exposure. The risk of low birthweight is indirectly and positively associated with maternal education, maternal knowledge, and family income. Keywords: low birthweight, cigarette smoke exposure, social economy determinants, path analysis Correspondence: Eti Kuswandari. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6282132770153. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.104

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