scholarly journals Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, fish intake and healthy ageing

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 1914-1924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther García-Esquinas ◽  
Rosario Ortolá ◽  
Jose Ramón Banegas ◽  
Esther Lopez-García ◽  
Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Functional Impairments ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Food Composition Tables ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Blue Fish

Abstract Background Seafood consumption and dietary intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) protect from cardiovascular disease, muscle wasting and mortality; however, their role in delaying unhealthy ageing is uncertain. Methods A prospective cohort study with 1592 community-dwelling individuals aged ≥60 years recruited in 2008–2010, and followed through 2015. Intake of seafood and n-3 PUFA [eicosapentanoic acid (EPA) and docosahexanoic acid (DHA)] was estimated using a validated diet history and food composition tables. Unhealthy ageing was assessed across the domains of physical and cognitive function, mental health, morbidity, self-rated health and vitality. Results Higher blue fish consumption was negatively associated with unhealthy ageing in 2015 [multivariate ß (95% confidence interval) per interquartile range (IQR) increase of fish: −0.49 (−0.90; −0.08)] and, specifically, was associated with lower accumulation of functional impairments [−1.00 (−1.71; −0.28)] and morbidities [−0.30 (−0.73; 0.13)]. Individuals with high intakes of EPA (≥0.47 g/day) and DHA (≥0.89 g/day) presented the highest reductions in age-related deficits accumulation: −1.61 (−3.01; −0.22) and −1.34 (−2.76; 0.08), respectively. Intake of EPA and DHA were negatively associated with the accumulation of functional deficits [results per IQR increase: −0.79 (−1.64; −0.06) and −0.84 (−1.67; −0.01), respectively] and morbidities [−0.60 (−1.10; −1.11) and −0.60 (−1.09; −0.11)]. No associations were observed between n-3 PUFA and self-rated or mental health, or between white fish and unhealthy ageing. Conclusions In this cohort of Spanish individuals with elevated intake of fish and a high adherence to the Mediterranean diet, consumption of blue fish and n-3 PUFA had a prospective protective association with deficits accumulation.

scholarly journals Erythrocyte Levels of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and the Risk of Frailty: The Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 216-216
Author(s):  
Doyeon Kim ◽  
Yongsoon Park
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Older People ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Frailty Criterion ◽  
Long Chain

Abstract Objectives Inflammation is a major risk factor for frailty, and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are well known as an anti-inflammatory agent. The purpose of present study was to investigate the hypothesis that the higher erythrocyte levels of long-chain n-3 PUFA were associated with lower odds of frailty and frailty criterion in community-dwelling older people. Methods Cross-sectional analysis from the data of the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study, a total of 1435 older people aged 70–84 years were included in the analysis. Sex- and age-stratified community residents, drawn in urban and rural regions nationwide, were eligible for participation in the study. All participants were categorized as frail and non-frail according to the Cardiovascular Health Study index, and analyzed for erythrocyte fatty acid composition by gas chromatography. The erythrocyte levels of PUFA were expressed as a % of total erythrocyte PUFAs. Results After adjusting for confounding factors, the risk of frailty was negatively associated with the erythrocyte levels of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and Omega-3 Index, but positively associated with erythrocyte levels of arachidonic acid/EPA ratio. Consistently, the frailty score was negatively correlated with erythrocyte levels of EPA, DHA, and Omega-3 Index, but positively correlated with erythrocyte levels of arachidonic acid/EPA ratio. In addition, for each frailty criterion, the risk of slow walking speed, low handgrip strength, exhaustion, and low physical activity were negatively associated with erythrocyte levels of n-3 PUFA. Conclusions The present study showed that the risk of frailty and frailty criteria were significantly associated with lower erythrocyte levels of long-chain n-3 PUFAs, suggesting that lower erythrocyte levels of long-chain n-3 PUFAs could be a marker for the risk of frailty. Funding Sources This research was supported by a grant of the Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korean Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI) funded by the Ministry of Health and Welfare, Republic of Korea (grant No. HI15C3153), and the National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea grant funded by the Korea government (NRF-2018R1A2B6002486).

Plasma glycerophospholipid profile, erythrocyte n–3 PUFAs, and metabolic syndrome incidence: a prospective study in Chinese men and women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuangshuang Chen ◽  
Qingqing Wu ◽  
Li Zhu ◽  
Geng Zong ◽  
Huaixing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
P Value ◽  
Total N ◽  
Long Chain

ABSTRACT Background Animal studies have highlighted critical roles of glycerophospholipid (GP) metabolism in various metabolic syndrome (MetS)-related features such as dyslipidemia, obesity, and insulin resistance. However, human prospective studies of associations between circulating GPs and risks of MetS are scarce. Objectives We aimed to investigate whether GPs are associated with incidence of MetS in a well-established cohort. Methods A total of 1243 community-dwelling Chinese aged 50–70 y without MetS at baseline and followed up for 6 y were included in current analyses. A total of 145 plasma GPs were quantified by high-throughput targeted lipidomics. MetS was defined using the updated National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria for Asian Americans. Results After 6 y, 429 participants developed MetS. Eleven GPs, especially those with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) or very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLCPUFAs) at the sn-2 position, including 1 phosphatidylcholine (PC) [PC(18:0/22:6)], 9 phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs) [PE(16:0/22:6), PE(18:0/14:0), PE(18:0/18:1), PE(18:0/18:2), PE(18:0/20:3), PE(18:0/22:5), PE(18:0/22:6), PE(18:1/22:6), and PE(18:2/22:6)], and 1 phosphatidylserine (PS) [PS(18:0/18:0)], were positively associated with incident MetS (RRs: 1.16–1.30 per SD change; Bonferroni-corrected P < 0.05). In network analysis, the strongest positive association for MetS incidence was evidenced in a module mainly composed of PEs containing C22:6 and PSs [RR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.12, 1.31 per SD change; Bonferroni-corrected P < 0.05]. This association was more pronounced in participants with lower erythrocyte total n–3 PUFA concentrations [Bonferroni-corrected Pinter(P value for the interaction)< 0.05]. Conclusions Elevated plasma concentrations of GPs, especially PEs with LCPUFAs or VLCPUFAs at the sn-2 position, are associated with higher risk of incident MetS. Future studies are merited to confirm our findings.

Association Between Erythrocyte Levels of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Risk of Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doyeon Kim ◽  
Chang Won Won ◽  
Yongsoon Park
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Frailty Criterion ◽  
Long Chain

Abstract Background Inflammation is a major risk factor for frailty, but n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) has been suggested as an anti-inflammatory agent. The present study aimed to investigate the hypothesis that the higher erythrocyte levels of long-chain n-3 PUFA were associated with lower odds of frailty and frailty criterion. Methods Cross-sectional analysis from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study, a total of 1,435 people aged 70–84 years were included. Sex- and age-stratified community residents, drawn in urban and rural regions nationwide, were eligible for participation in the study. All participants were categorized as frail and nonfrail according to the Cardiovascular Health Study index. Results The likelihood of frailty was inversely associated with the erythrocyte levels of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; odds ratio [OR] per unit 0.33; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.14–0.77; p for trend = .002) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; OR per unit 0.42; 95% CI 0.20–0.87; p for trend = .018). Among each frailty criterion, the likelihood of slow walking speed was associated with erythrocyte levels of EPA and DHA, and the likelihood of exhaustion was inversely associated with the erythrocyte levels of DHA. Conclusions The present study showed that the frailty and frailty criterion were significantly associated with lower erythrocyte levels of long-chain n-3 PUFA, suggesting that lower n-3 PUFA could be a marker for the risk of frailty.

scholarly journals Evidence of the Role of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Brain Glucose Metabolism

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1382
Author(s):  
Fabien Pifferi ◽  
Stephen C. Cunnane ◽  
Philippe Guesnet
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Brain Glucose ◽  
Brain Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Brain

In mammals, brain function, particularly neuronal activity, has high energy needs. When glucose is supplemented by alternative oxidative substrates under different physiological conditions, these fuels do not fully replace the functions fulfilled by glucose. Thus, it is of major importance that the brain is almost continuously supplied with glucose from the circulation. Numerous studies describe the decrease in brain glucose metabolism during healthy or pathological ageing, but little is known about the mechanisms that cause such impairment. Although it appears difficult to determine the exact role of brain glucose hypometabolism during healthy ageing or during age-related neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, uninterrupted glucose supply to the brain is still of major importance for proper brain function. Interestingly, a body of evidence suggests that dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) might play significant roles in brain glucose regulation. Thus, the goal of the present review is to summarize this evidence and address the role of n-3 PUFAs in brain energy metabolism. Taken together, these data suggest that ensuring an adequate dietary supply of n-3 PUFAs could constitute an essential aspect of a promising strategy to promote optimal brain function during both healthy and pathological ageing.

Macular Xanthophylls and ω-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Age-Related Macular Degeneration

2013 ◽  
Vol 131 (5) ◽  
pp. 564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christin Arnold ◽  
Lisa Winter ◽  
Kati Fröhlich ◽  
Susanne Jentsch ◽  
Jens Dawczynski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Long Chain
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