scholarly journals A Theoretical Framework for Evaluating the Sensitivity of Surveillance for Detecting Wild Poliovirus: II. Factors Affecting Detection Sensitivity in a Population with Circulating Wild Poliovirus

1997 ◽  
Vol 175 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. S141-S145 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. E. Gary ◽  
R. Sanders ◽  
M. A. Pallansch
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Wild Poliovirus

scholarly journals Comparison of the sensitivity of Western blotting between PVDF and NC membranes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yufang Xiang ◽  
Yuanyuan Zheng ◽  
Shaobo Liu ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
Zhi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Blotting ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Staining Intensity ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Post Translational Modifications ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Direct Blue ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractWestern blotting (WB) is one of the most widely used techniques to identify proteins as well as post translational modifications of proteins. The selection of electroblotted membrane is one of the key factors affecting the detection sensitivity of the protein which is transferred from gel to membrane in WB. The most common used membranes are polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and nitrocellulose (NC) membranes. Which membrane of these two is more suitable for WB has not been reported so far. Here, by incubating proteins which were transferred to PVDF or NC membranes with a series of antibodies and different types of lectins, we investigated the relationship between the binding ability of these two membranes to proteins or glycoproteins and the molecular weight of the target protein. The antibody re-probed ability of the two membranes was also explored. Moreover, we verified the above results by directly incubating proteins having different molecular weights onto PVDF or NC membranes. Bound proteins were stained with direct blue-71, and the staining intensity was quantitated by scanning and densitometry.

The lesion detection efficacy of deep learning on automatic breast ultrasound and factors affecting its efficacy: a pilot study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Luo PhD ◽  
Min Xu ◽  
Guoxue Tang ◽  
Yi Wang PhD ◽  
Na Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Breast Tissue ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Lesion Size ◽  
Breast Ultrasound ◽  
Lesion Detection ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Handheld Ultrasound

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the detection efficacy of deep learning (DL) for automatic breast ultrasound (ABUS) and factors affecting its efficacy. Methods: Women who underwent ABUS and handheld ultrasound from May 2016 to June 2017 (N = 397) were enrolled and divided into training (n = 163 patients with breast cancer and 33 with benign lesions), test (n = 57) and control (n = 144) groups. A convolutional neural network was optimised to detect lesions in ABUS. The sensitivity and false positives (FPs) were evaluated and compared for different breast tissue compositions, lesion sizes, morphologies and echo patterns. Results: In the training set, with 688 lesion regions (LRs), the network achieved sensitivities of 93.8%, 97.2 and 100%, based on volume, lesion and patient, respectively, with 1.9 FPs per volume. In the test group with 247 LRs, the sensitivities were 92.7%, 94.5 and 96.5%, respectively, with 2.4 FPs per volume. The control group, with 900 volumes, showed 0.24 FPs per volume. The sensitivity was 98% for lesions > 1 cm3, but 87% for those ≤1 cm3 (p < 0.05). Similar sensitivities and FPs were observed for different breast tissue compositions (homogeneous, 97.5%, 2.1; heterogeneous, 93.6%, 2.1), lesion morphologies (mass, 96.3%, 2.1; non-mass, 95.8%, 2.0) and echo patterns (homogeneous, 96.1%, 2.1; heterogeneous 96.8%, 2.1). Conclusions: DL had high detection sensitivity with a low FP but was affected by lesion size. Advances in knowledge: DL is technically feasible for the automatic detection of lesions in ABUS.

scholarly journals Factors affecting the completion rate of scientific students research - Consider at University of Economics and Law

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-121
Author(s):  
Tuan Anh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Student Motivation ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Completion Rate ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
The University ◽  
International Academy

This paper aims to analyze the factors affecting the completion rate of scientific research by UEL students under the theoretical framework of International Academy of Science. Based on the survey of students who carried out the scientific research at University of Economics and Law from 2008 to 2013, we found that the model explains 41.7% the completion rate with independent variables of student motivation, support from the university and the instructor capacity.

What Prevents You to Plug in to Online Surveys?

2022 ◽  
pp. 131-148
Author(s):  
Burcu Karabulut Coşkun ◽  
Ezgi Mor Dirlik
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
Online Surveys ◽  
Online Data ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Response Behaviors

In today's world, which has been administered by computers and artificial intelligence in many areas, online data gathering has become an inevitable way of collecting data. Many researchers have preferred online surveying, considering the advantages of this method over the classical ones. Hence, the factors that may affect the response rate of online surveying have become a prominent research topic. In line with the popularity of this issue, the purpose of this chapter was to clarify the concept of online surveys; give information about their types, advantages, and usage; and investigate the factors that affect the participants' response behaviors. Besides the discussions on the theoretical framework of online surveying, an online survey aiming to determine the factors affecting the participation in online surveying was administered to a group of people to investigate the response behaviors thoroughly. The findings revealed that rs might affect ants' response behaviors to online surveys in various ways radically.

Factors Affecting Internet Advertising Adoption in Ad Agencies

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 18-29
Author(s):  
Masumeh Sadat Abtahi ◽  
Leila Behboudi ◽  
Hamideh Mokhtari Hasanabad
Keyword(s):  
Critical Factor ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
The Body ◽  
Internet Advertising ◽  
Technical Knowledge ◽  
Advertising Agencies ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Internet Adoption ◽  
Factors Affecting

The purpose of this study is to identify factors affecting adoption of Internet advertising in advertising agencies. The paper provides preliminary insights into why ad agencies are reluctant to recommend Internet advertising to their clients. A theoretical framework was developed by scrutinizing the body of literature. The gathered date was verified by 294 academic and practical experts in the field of marketing and advertising. In pursuing this goal, a questionnaire was designed to validate factors affecting the adoption of Internet advertising. Results indicate that 18 variables in the form of three key factors, namely “technical knowledge of account manager,” “e-commerce readiness of country” and “agencies' ability of Internet adoption” affect adoption of Internet advertising in ad agencies. It was found that e-commerce readiness of a country is the critical factor in adopting internet advertising in ad agencies. This is the first study which addresses the adoption of Internet advertising in ad agencies. This study reports that while government does not provide infrastructure required for the advancement of e-commerce (readiness), the ad agencies still will recommend previous ad channels to their clients.

scholarly journals Factors affecting the voluntary use of internal audit: evidence from the UK

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hazem Ramadan Ismael ◽  
Clare Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Agency Theory ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Audit Committee ◽  
Internal Audit ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Uk

Purpose This study aims to identify the factors that lead non-financial companies listed in the UK to use an internal audit function (IAF) as a monitoring mechanism. Although the use of an IAF in the UK is voluntary, no prior research has examined the drivers for using one. Design/methodology/approach Financial and non-financial data were collected from the annual reports of 332 UK non-financial companies listed on the London Stock Exchange (LSE) Main Market. Univariate tests and multivariate logistic regression tests were used to test the research hypotheses. A theoretical framework based on both agency theory and transaction cost economics (TCE) theory was used to explain the economic factors affecting the use of an IAF. Findings The study provides evidence that firm size, level of internal risks, agency problem between owners and managers and existence of an effective audit committee are associated with the existence of an IAF. Thus, the need to have strong internal control and risk management systems and to reduce both internal and external agency costs drives companies to have an IAF. These results suggest the importance of IAF as an internal corporate governance tool and the effectiveness of UK governance regulations in monitoring the effectiveness of internal control systems. Practical implications Given the importance of the IAF’s corporate governance role, the study provides some policy implications. Regulators should pay more attention to the issue of maintaining an IAF, especially by large companies, the relationship between the IAF and other governance parties, especially the audit committee, and the disclosure of more relevant information about the IAF’s characteristics and practices. Originality/value This is the first study to examine the factors affecting the existence of the IAF within the UK’s distinctive regulatory approach of “comply or disclose reasons”. Furthermore, it provides a theoretical framework that explains how both the agency theory and TCE theory can interpret the adoption of internal audit.

Towards a unifying theory of management standard implementation

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 1269-1306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albena Ivanova ◽  
John Gray ◽  
Kingshuk Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Iso 14001 ◽  
Management Support ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Support Design ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Alternative Pathways

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop an integrated theoretical framework of the interrelation of the key success factors in the process of standards implementation. Design/methodology/approach – Extensive case study work was carried out in ten American plants that had adopted ISO 9001 and or ISO 14001. First, within-case analysis captures the uniqueness of the implementation processes at each plant and leads to construction of the causal maps. Next, cross-case comparison identifies the key factors and the relationship between them, resulting in the theoretical framework. Findings – The key factors affecting implementation effectiveness include focus on internal improvement, top management support, design of the system around existing processes, use of information technology, positive employees’ attitude, and employees’ usage of the system. The resulting framework suggests three alternative pathways to effective implementation of standards: (i) incentives pathway, i.e., by providing the right incentives; (ii) integration pathway, i.e., by designing the system around existing processes; and (iii) information technology pathway, i.e., by using information technology. Research limitations/implications – The key contribution of this research is the integrated theoretical framework. Practical implications – Practically, this framework provides managers a clear depiction of the key actions required at each stage of standard implementation. Originality/value – To the best of our knowledge, this is the first integrated framework of the factors affecting standard adoption. We believe this framework is applicable to other meta-standards.

scholarly journals Theoretical Framework Of The Factors Affecting University Academics Job Satisfaction

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujit Kumar Basak ◽  
D.W. Govender
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Tertiary Institutions

This paper aims to present a theoretical framework of the factors affecting university academics job satisfaction, which is achieved by identifying the contributing factors. The main objective of the research was concluded in designing a theoretical framework based on the existing literature. The novelty of this paper is the use of a significant body of literature focused on the existing literature about the factors affecting university academics job satisfaction, which was used to achieve the aim in designing the framework. The findings could assist in creating an awareness of the factors incorporated at tertiary institutions that contribute to university academics job satisfaction.

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