scholarly journals Peripheral nerve stimulation and immunity: the expanding opportunities for providing mechanistic insight and therapeutic intervention

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aidan Falvey ◽  
Christine N Metz ◽  
Kevin J Tracey ◽  
Valentin A Pavlov
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Research ◽  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Symbiotic Relationship ◽  
Neural Pathways ◽  
Inflammatory Disorders ◽  
Bioelectronic Medicine ◽  
Mechanistic Insight ◽  
Inflammatory Regulation

Abstract Pre-clinical research advances our understanding of the vagus nerve-mediated regulation of immunity and clinical trials successfully utilize electrical vagus nerve stimulation in the treatment of patients with inflammatory disorders. This symbiotic relationship between pre-clinical and clinical research exploring the vagus nerve-based ‘inflammatory reflex’ has substantially contributed to establishing the field of bioelectronic medicine. Recent studies identify a crosstalk between the vagus nerve and other neural circuitries in controlling inflammation and delineate new neural immunoregulatory pathways. Here we outline current mechanistic insights into the role of vagal and non-vagal neural pathways in neuro-immune communication and inflammatory regulation. We also provide a timely overview of expanding opportunities for bioelectronic neuromodulation in the treatment of various inflammatory disorders.

Vagus Nerve Stimulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
Eric J. Yang ◽  
Sahil Sekhon ◽  
Kristen M. Beck ◽  
Isabelle M. Sanchez ◽  
Tina Bhutani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Vagus Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Current Therapies ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Treatments for psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis have progressed at a rapid rate over the past 20 years, but treating patients with recalcitrant disease still remains a difficult task. Current therapies for these diseases involve topical agents, phototherapy, and systemic immunosuppression. However, the role of the nervous system in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis remains largely unexplored. Recent animal studies and clinical trials have demonstrated that vagus nerve stimulation can decrease inflammatory processes in rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease. In this article, we outline the existing knowledge of the nervous system’s role in chronic inflammatory disease and discuss how these findings could be utilized in the future for treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis.

Advances in bioelectronic medicine: noninvasive electrical, ultrasound and magnetic nerve stimulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 143-150
Author(s):  
Jason R Fritz ◽  
Jared M Huston
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Neural Pathways ◽  
Pulse Generators ◽  
Bioelectronic Medicine ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Electrical Signaling

The mammalian nervous system has evolved over millions of years to protect the host. Harnessing neural pathways for therapeutic purposes is postulated to enhance treatment specificity and minimize adverse reactions. Bioelectronic medicine aims to diagnose and treat diseases through devices that regulate electrical signaling within the nervous system. Traditionally, this was accomplished via surgical implantation of electrical pulse generators directly onto peripheral nerves. While efficacious, this approach has significant limitations, including complications and associated costs of surgical procedures, and practical issues with treating acute onset and/or short-lived diseases with invasive approaches. Novel stimulation paradigms are currently under development to overcome these clinical challenges and ultimately expand the therapeutic potential of bioelectronic medicine. Here we review noninvasive electrical, ultrasound and magnetic nerve stimulation strategies in the context of more invasive electrical therapies, and discuss their potential impact on the field of bioelectronic medicine.

The Role of Vagus Nerve Stimulation in the Treatment of Epilepsy

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Montavont ◽  
Philippe Ryvlin ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Vagus Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Treatment Of Epilepsy

Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation Enhances Post-error Slowing

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 2126-2132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Sellaro ◽  
Jelle W. R. van Leusden ◽  
Klodiana-Daphne Tona ◽  
Bart Verkuil ◽  
Sander Nieuwenhuis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Vagus Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Noradrenergic System ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Single Blind

People tend to slow down after they commit an error, a phenomenon known as post-error slowing (PES). It has been proposed that slowing after negative feedback or unforeseen errors is linked to the activity of the locus coeruleus–norepinephrine (LC–NE) system, but there is little direct evidence for this hypothesis. Here, we assessed the causal role of the noradrenergic system in modulating PES by applying transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS), a new noninvasive and safe method to stimulate the vagus nerve and to increase NE concentrations in the brain. A single-blind, sham-controlled, between-group design was used to assess the effect of tVNS in healthy young volunteers (n = 40) during two cognitive tasks designed to measure PES. Results showed increased PES during active tVNS, as compared with sham stimulation. This effect was of similar magnitude for the two tasks. These findings provide evidence for an important role of the noradrenergic system in PES.

The role of low-level vagus nerve stimulation in cardiac therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 675-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhong Wang ◽  
Sunny S. Po ◽  
Benjamin J. Scherlag ◽  
Lilei Yu ◽  
Hong Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Vagus Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Cardiac Therapy

scholarly journals The role of vagus nerve stimulation in refractory epilepsy

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (9) ◽  
pp. 657-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Von Hertwig Fernandes de Oliveira ◽  
Alexandre Novicki Francisco ◽  
Zeferino Demartini Junior ◽  
Sergio Leandro Stebel
Keyword(s):  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Vagus Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Refractory Epilepsy ◽  
Focal Epilepsy ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Transcutaneous Stimulation

ABSTRACT Vagus nerve stimulation is an adjunctive therapy used to treat patients with refractory epilepsy who are not candidates for resective surgery or had poor results after surgical procedures. Its mechanism of action is not yet fully comprehended but it possibly involves modulation of the locus coeruleus, thalamus and limbic circuit through noradrenergic and serotonergic projections. There is sufficient evidence to support its use in patients with focal epilepsy and other seizure types. However, it should be recognized that improvement is not immediate and increases over time. The majority of adverse events is stimulation-related, temporary and decreases after adjustment of settings. Future perspectives to improve efficacy and reduce side effects, such as different approaches to increase battery life, transcutaneous stimulation and identification of prognostic factors, should be further investigated.

scholarly journals Role of Cholinergic Receptors in Colorectal Cancer: Potential Therapeutic Implications of Vagus Nerve Stimulation?

2013 ◽  
Vol 04 (06) ◽  
pp. 1116-1131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjolaine Pelissier-Rota ◽  
Michèle Lainé ◽  
Benjamin Ducarouge ◽  
Bruno Bonaz ◽  
Muriel Jacquier-Sarlin
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Vagus Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Cholinergic Receptors ◽  
Therapeutic Implications

The role of reflex control of immunity in the anticonvulsive effects of vagus nerve stimulation

2014 ◽  
Vol 275 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 149-150
Author(s):  
Federica Frigerio ◽  
Mattia Maroso ◽  
Teresa Ravizza ◽  
Valentina Iori ◽  
Alberto Pauletti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Vagus Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Reflex Control
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