Comparison of Mineral Wool Insulations in the Forensic Laboratory: Second Collaborative Study

1979 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 792-798
Author(s):  
Elmer T Miller
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Mineral Wool ◽  
Common Origin ◽  
The Other ◽  
Microscopic Appearance ◽  
Different Origin

Abstract A method for comparing mineral wool insulationswas collaboratively studied a second time.Specimens are examined microscopically forcolor, disposition of resin, fiber diameters,quantity of slugs, and other gross microscopiccharacteristics. The resin is burned off and thefibers are annealed at 500°C. The heat-cleanedfibers are examined for shortwave ultravioletfluorescence, microscopic appearance, solubilityin HCI, and indices of refraction according to45.002-45.007. Ten collaborators examined 9specimens of mineral wool, 4 of which werefrom one large lot of Owens-Corning Fiberglasand 2 of which were from a single Johns-Manville ceiling tile. The other 3 were fromdifferent sources. Eight collaborators correctlyconcluded that the Owens-Corning samplescould have had a common origin, that theJohns-Manville samples could have had a commonorigin, and that the others were of independentlydifferent origins. Two collaboratorsin the same laboratory, using other than therecommended equipment, concluded that theOwens-Corning samples were one class, that theJohns-Manville samples were one class, andthat the others were of different origin, but theyfound slight differences in the refractive indicesof the Johns-Manville samples and did not concludecommon origin for them. The method hasbeen adopted as interim official first action.

scholarly journals Art. V.—Remarks on the Language of the Amazirghs, commonly called Berebbers

1836 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 106-160
Author(s):  
Jacob Gräberg
Keyword(s):  
Common Origin ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Face ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Social Intercourse ◽  
Different Origin

The original inhabitants of Mount Atlas, and of nearly all the provinces of Maghrib-ul-Aksa, or the present empire of Marocco, are usually divided into two tribes — namely, the Berebbers and the Shelluhhs, both descended from the ancient Mauritanians and Gætulians; perhaps even from the Libyes of Sallust. These two tribes differ essentially from each other; and it is not without reason, that those travellers and geographers, to whom we are indebted for the best information with respect to Marocco, have asserted that the Shelluhhs are not Berebbers. The Moors, or Arabian inhabitants of the country, consider them as two nations of a different origin; as well on account of their manners and the diversity of their natural dispositions, as from the entirely distinct profile of the face, and from their dialects, which differ so much, that they cannot converse together without the aid of an interpreter. Mr. James Grey Jackson, in his Account of the Empire of Marocco, and of the District of Sus, confirms this assertion by a list of words of common use in both languages; and, most certainly, they prove nothing less than a common origin. But such differences, radical or accidental, may be met with in almost all the sister languages. It is, for instance, a curious fact, that the very leading Shelluhh words, which Mr. Jackson quotes as altogether differing from the Berebber, as woman, wife, boy, girl, &c. differ just as much, if not more, in the Swedish, Danish, German, and Dutch languages, which, most undoubtedly, are of one and the same origin. This observation holds good even with respect to the Spanish, Portuguese, and Italian languages. What is more certain, and beyond all doubt, is, that the pretended Berebbers and Shelluhhs live separately and that they bear very little, if any, relation to each other. Although their habitations are sometimes very near, they never have any social intercourse; nor does an instance exist of individuals of one tribe having intermarried with the other.

Collaborative Study of the Comparison of Mineral Wool Insulations in the Forensic Laboratory

1977 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 772-777
Author(s):  
Elmer T Miller
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Mineral Wool ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Matched Pairs ◽  
Microscopic Appearance ◽  
Large Samples ◽  
Heat Treated

Abstract A method for the comparison of mineral wool insulation specimens was studied collaboratively. Exemplar and questioned specimens are compared microscopically for color of resin, shapes and quantity of slugs or shot, relative fiber diameters, and other gross characteristics. Then the resin is burned off, and the fibers are annealed at 500°C. The heat-treated fibers are compared for shortwave ultraviolet fluorescence, microscopic appearance, solubility in dilute and concentrated hydrochloric acid, and refraction and dispcrsion indices according to 45.002–5.007. Eight collaborators in 6 laboratories compared 8 matched pairs of large samples (such as exemplars) and small samples (such as might be found on a suspect’s clothing).

scholarly journals Evaluating Presence/Absence of Target Microbes in Microbiological Tests

2000 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 1429-1434
Author(s):  
Robert J Blodgett ◽  
Anthony D Hitchins
Keyword(s):  
Performance Studies ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
False Negative ◽  
The Other ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Logistic Curve ◽  
Microbiological Method ◽  
Test Portion ◽  
Method Performance ◽  
Data Set

Abstract A typical qualitative microbiological method performance (collaborative) study gathers a data set of responses about a test for the presence or absence of a target microbe. We developed 2 models that estimate false-positive and false-negative rates. One model assumes a constant probability that the tests will indicate the target microbe is present for any positive concentration in the test portion. The other model assumes that this probability follows a logistic curve. Test results from several method performance studies illustrate these estimates.

scholarly journals Determination of Cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3) in Selected Foods by Liquid Chromatography: NMKL Collaborative Study

2003 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 400-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Staffas ◽  
Arne Nyman ◽  
K Ask ◽  
E Hermansson ◽  
J S Jacobsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vitamin D2 ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Relative Standard

Abstract Results are presented from an NMKL (Nordic Committee on Food Analysis) collaborative study of a method for the determination of cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) in foods. The method is based on the addition of an internal standard (vitamin D2), followed by saponification and extraction with n-heptane. The fraction that contains vitamin D2/D3 is separated by preparative normal-phase liquid chromatography (LC), and the analytes are determined by reversed-phase LC with UV detection at 265 nm. The method was tested by 8 participating laboratories. In this study 6 different matrixes were analyzed for cholecalciferol content: milk, liquid infant formula (gruel), cooking oil, margarine, infant formula, and fish oil. The contents varied from 0.4 to 12 μg/100 g. Three matrixes (milk, gruel, and margarine) were fortified with vitamin D3. In the other matrixes, vitamin D3 was added at 3 different levels at the Swedish National Food Administration. The milk was analyzed as a blind duplicate, whereas the other matrixes were analyzed as split-level pairs. The recoveries from the samples with vitamin D3 added varied from 93 to 102%. The repeatability relative standard deviation (RSDr) values for accepted results varied between 2.2% (fish oil) and 7.4% (cooking oil), whereas the reproducibility relative standard deviation (RSDR) values varied between 6.8% (margarine) and 24% (cooking oil).

scholarly journals THE COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE OF ISOLATED CHROMOSOMES

1951 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 475-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Mirsky ◽  
H. Ris
Keyword(s):  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Microscopic Study ◽  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Crystal Violet ◽  
The Other ◽  
Microscopic Appearance ◽  
Basic Dye ◽  
Residual Protein ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Different Tissues

1. The preparation of isolated chromosomes from liver, kidney, and pancreas has been described. 2. It has been shown that there is no gross cytoplasmic contamination in these preparations. 3. In a microscopic study of isolated chromosomes the same chromosomes have been found in different tissues of the same organism. Since individuality is one of the main characteristics of chromosomes, there can be little doubt that the preparations do, in fact, contain isolated chromosomes. 4. A quantitative study of staining with crystal violet shows that this basic dye competes with histone for the phosphoric acid groups of the DNA in chromosomes. The displacement of histone by protamine has been demonstrated. 5. Preparation of histone-free chromosomes has been described. Removal of histone does not affect the microscopic appearance of chromosomes. 6. The non-histone or residual protein has been prepared from histone-free chromosomes. The quantity of residual protein in a preparation of chromosomes is correlated with the amount of cytoplasm in the cells from which the chromosomes were prepared. 7. The microscopic appearance of chromosomes depends upon the association of DNA with residual protein. 8. Evidence has been given that in a chromosome there are two DNA-containing nucleoproteins; in one DNA is combined with histone, and in the other it is combined with residual protein.

Evaluation of Agreement Among Routine Methods for Determination of Fluoride in Vegetation: Interlaboratory Collaborative Study

1982 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 1150-1154
Author(s):  
Jay S Jacobson ◽  
John J Troiano ◽  
Christina C Cosentini ◽  
John Evans
Keyword(s):  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Considerable Improvement ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Potentiometric Analysis ◽  
Aoac Official ◽  
Vegetation Samples ◽  
Action Methods

Abstract An interlaboratory collaborative study was conducted to evaluate the performance of methods and laboratories for the measurement of fluoride in vegetation. Samples of 8 plant species containing about 5-200 ppm fluoride were distributed to 40 participants who were instructed to use their routine methods of analysis. Methods which had sufficient participants to allow the inclusion of results in statistical analyses were classified into 3 categories: (1) Willard-Winter method (similar to the AOAC official final action method); (2) semiautomated and potentiometric methods (similar to the 2 AOAC official first action methods); and (3) potentiometric analysis with prior ashing, fusion, and/or distillation (not an approved method). There was a significant interaction of methods with samples caused by 3 of the 8 samples. In the other 5 samples, the Willard-Winter and semiautomated methods gave higher mean values for fluoride content than did the 2 potentiometric methods. Despite considerable improvement in speed and simplicity of fluoride analyses during the last decade, agreement between laboratories has not improved because of the variety of methods and techniques in use, the inherent differences between methods, and, apparently, poor laboratory quality control.

Gas Chromatographic Methods for Determination of γ-BHC in Technical Emulsifiable Concentrates and Water-Dispersible Powder Formulations and in Lindane Shampoo and Lotion: Collaborative Study

1984 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 834-837
Author(s):  
James W Miles ◽  
Dwight L Mount ◽  
◽  
T J Beckmann ◽  
S K Carrigan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
The Other ◽  
Water Dispersible ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Aoac Method ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic ◽  
Gas Chromatographic Separation

Abstract Although the gas chromatographic separation of the isomers of BHC was demonstrated two decades ago, the present AOAC method of analysis of BHC for gamma-isomer (lindane) content is based on a separation carried out on a liquid chromatographic partition column. A method of analysis has been developed that uses an OV-210 column for separation of the gamma-isomer from the other isomers and impurities in technical BHC. Di-n-propyl phthalate was chosen as an internal standard. The same system allows quantitation of lindane in lotion and shampoo after these products are extracted with ethyl acetate-isooctane (1 + 4). The analytical methods were subjected to a collaborative trial with 10 laboratories. The coefficient of variation for technical BHC was 2.83%. For the water-dispersible powder and emulsifiable concentrate, the coefficients of variation were 2.89% and 4.62%, respectively. Coefficients of variation for 1% lindane lotion and shampoo were 4.36% and 11.92%, respectively. The method has been adopted official first action.

scholarly journals Pain Relief as an Integral Part of the Palliative Care

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 739-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Sholjakova ◽  
Vesna Durnev ◽  
Andrijan Kartalov ◽  
Biljana Kuzmanovska
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Pain Relief ◽  
Pain Control ◽  
Palliative Therapy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Spiritual Problems ◽  
Active Care ◽  
Different Origin

BACKGROUND: Palliative therapy represents active care for patients whose illness has such nature that is not responding to the curative treatment.  The palliative care aims to provide comfort and prevention from the suffering of the patients at the end of their life. Treatment of the pain presents an important integral part of palliative care.AIM: This article aims to discuss and answer to some of the analgesic regimes and therapeutic dilemmas.RESULTS: Pain control, in addition to the other treatments such as alleviation of psychological, sociological and spiritual problems, has a priority. The proper pain management can achieve a better quality of life for the patients and their families.CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that because of the different origin of the pain, the use of analgesic therapy should be individualised and adapted to the real need of every person. Finally, only a good organisation and institutionalisation of the palliative care in one society could permit better prevention of suffering at the end of the life.

Gas Chromatographic Determination of Phenolic Compounds in Drug Preparations: Collaborative Study

1972 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 610-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol C Douglas
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Methyl Salicylate ◽  
Chromatographic Method ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Chromatographic Determination ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gas Chromatographic Method

Abstract A gas chromatographic method for the determination of phenol, methyl salicylate, menthol , and camphor in drug preparations was studied collaboratively by 9 laboratories. Mean recoveries were: phenol 98.2, 106.0, a n d 103.6%; methyl salicylate 103.9, 102.0, and 101.9%; menthol 102.9 and 100.9%; and camphor 101.9 and 100.9%. The method has been adopted as official first action for camphor-containing drugs. Additional study will be done to improve recoveries for the other 3 compounds.

Analysis of Ochratoxins A and B and Their Esters in Barley, Using Partition and Thin Layer Chromatography. II. Collaborative Study

1973 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 822-826
Author(s):  
Stanley Nesheim
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Ethyl Esters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Average Recovery ◽  
Confirmation Test ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Abstract To test the method of Nesheim et al., 6 samples wert; analyzed in 13 laboratories. The samples encompassed a blank and 5 samples containing one or more ochratoxins in the range 50–200 μg/kg. Two samples were spiked with the 4 ochratoxin standards and 3 were spiked with barley naturally contaminated with ochratoxin A. The confirmation of identity of ochratoxins A and B by preparation of their ethyl ester derivatives was also tested. The average recovery of standard ochratoxin A was 112% at levels of 45 and 90 μg/kg, with a 27.1% coefficient of variation calculated from analysis of variance, one analyst, one replicate. Similar satisfactory results were obtained for the ethyl esters of A and B at a level of 120 μg/kg. The results were unsatisfactory for ochratoxin B and for the esters of A and B at the 60 μg/kg level. The chemical confirmation test was satisfactory for both ochratoxins A and B. The method, including chemical confirmation, has been adopted as official first action as quantitative for ochratoxin A and qualitative for the other toxins.

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