scholarly journals Monitoring of Pesticide Residues in Human Milk, Soil, Water, and Food Samples Collectedfrom Kafr El-Zayat Governorate

1996 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salwa M Dogheim ◽  
El-Zarka Mohamed ◽  
Sohair A Gad Alla ◽  
Samia El-Saied ◽  
Emel Y Salama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Organophosphorus Pesticides ◽  
World Health ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Daily Intakes

Abstract Pesticide residues in human milk and environmental samples from Kafr El-Zayat Governorate in Egypt were analyzed. This governorate is located near one of the biggest pesticide factories in Egypt. Organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticides were monitored, including those that have been prohibited from use in Egypt. Human milk samples (31 samples) from Kafr El-Zayat were compared with 11 samples collected from Cairo. Data were compared with results from studies performed in 1987 and 1990. The present study showed that aldrin and dieldrin, heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide, and endrin residues have been eliminated from human milk. Estimated daily intakes (EDIs) of DDT complex and γ-HCH by breast fed infants in Kafr El-Zayat were 85.96 and 3.1% of the respective acceptable daily intakes (ADIs). β- HCH residues showed an increasing pattern, especially in human milk samples from Cairo. DDT complex and HCH isomers in orange, spinach, lettuce, potatoes, and clover samples ranged from undetectable to very low concentrations. Higher levels of DDT and HCH were detected, but aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, and the heptachlors were not detected in food of animal origin. Residues in fish samples were below maximum residue limits established by some developed countries. Those in animal milk samples approached the extraneous residue limits of the Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues. HCH residues in soil were negligible, but DDT resi dues in soil were some what higher. Among watersamples, groundwater samples had the highest residues of HCHs and DDTs, followed by Nile River water and then tap water. However, the organo chlorine pesticide residues were found at concen trations below the maximum allowable limits set by the World Health Organization for drinking water. Among 12 organophosphorus pesticides moni toredas parent compounds, dimethoate,malathion, methamidophos, and chlorpyrifos residues were detected in low concentrations in soil samples from a pesticide factory. No organophosphorus pesticide residues were found in plant samples, except for very low residues of dimethoatein anorange sample. Water samples were devoid of organophosphorus residues as parent compounds.

scholarly journals Organochlorine and Organophosphonis Pesticide Residues in Food from Egyptian Local Markets

1996 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 949-952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salwa M Dogheim ◽  
Sohair A Gad Alla ◽  
Sami M A El-Syes ◽  
Monir M Almaz ◽  
Emel Y Salama
Keyword(s):  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Organophosphorus Pesticides ◽  
Organophosphorus Pesticide ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Citrus Fruits ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Maximum Residue Limits ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Repeated Use ◽  
Agricultural Use

Abstract A market basket survey was conducted to monitor organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticide residues in potatoes, citrus fruits, and fish collected from local Egyptian markets. Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) of the Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues for γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) in potatoes were exceeded in 8 samples and for DDT in 2 samples. The aging of HCH and DDT indicated a recent use of both pesticides during the potato storage period between cultivation seasons. However, such use is illegal because HCH mixture isomers (gammaxane) and DDT have been officially prohibited from agricultural use in Egypt since 1980. The highest residue levels of fenitrothion (3.8 ppm) in potatoes may be due to its repeated use before and after harvest. No organochlorine pesticide residues were found in citrus fruits. None of the detected organophosphorus pesticides exceeded their MRLs. HCH and DDT residue limits were exceeded in 5 and 7 fish samples, respectively, collected from 12 markets throughout the country. The heptachlor MRL was violated in only one fish sample (3.9 ppm).

Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Human Milk in Great Britain, 1979-80

1982 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.B. Collins ◽  
D.C. Holmes ◽  
R.A. Hoodless
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticide ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticide Residues ◽  
Comparison Of The Results

1 The concentrations of some organochlorine pesticides and polychlorobiphenyl compounds have been determined in 102 samples of human milk collected between January 1979 and September 1980. 2 Comparison of the results with those from a limited study undertaken in 1963-4 shows a decline in residues' levels. 3 The concentrations of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorobiphenyls in human milk samples from residents in Great Britain compare favourably with data obtained in other countries.

Organochlorine pesticide residues in human milk in the United Kingdom 1997–8

1999 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 602-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
C A Harris ◽  
S O'Hagan ◽  
G HJ Merson
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticide ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Similar Time ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticide Residues ◽  
The Uk

1 The concentrations of a range of organochlorine pesticide residues have been determined in 168 samples of human milk collected between January 1997 and May 1998 in the UK. 2 Of the 18 residues sought, only p,p′-DTT, p,p′-DDE, dieldrin, HCB, β-HCH and γ-HCH were detected. 3 The continuing trend of a reduction in the concentrations of these pesticide residues in human milk samples and in the percentage of human milk samples containing residues was seen. 4 Correlations between the concentrations of p,p′-DDE, dieldrin, HCB, β-HCH and γ-HCH and age were seen. 5 When compared to studies carried out in Europe over a similar time period, residues in this present study were shown to occur at similar or lower concentrations.

scholarly journals Determination of Organophosphorus Pesticide Residues in Milk

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Kiljanek ◽  
Alicja Niewiadowska ◽  
Stanisław Semeniuk
Keyword(s):  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Organophosphorus Pesticides ◽  
Organophosphorus Pesticide ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Proficiency Tests ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Photometric Detection ◽  
Milk Samples

Abstract A method for simultaneous determination of 13 organophosphorus pesticide residues in milk samples has been developed and validated. The method is based on the extraction of the sample with acetone and petroleum ether, cleanup by gel permeation chromatography, and solid phase extraction, and determination by gas chromatography with flame photometric detection. The recovery, investigated by analysing blank milk samples spiked with azinphos, chlorfenvinphos, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, diazinon, fenitrothion, methacrifos, methidathion, parathion-methyl, pyrazophos, and triazophos at concentrations of 10, 20, and 30 μg/kg, and with parathion and pirimiphos-methyl at concentrations of 25, 50, and 75 μg/kg, ranged from 73.1% to 106.2%. Performance characteristics, such as repeatability and within-laboratory reproducibility expressed as coefficient of variation were less than 20%. Measurement uncertainty was lower than 22% for all validated organophosphorus pesticides. The limits of quantification were 10 μg/kg for all compounds and allowed determination of residues at, or even below, the maximum residue limits set by the European Union. The satisfactory z-score results of international proficiency tests confirm good accuracy, reproducibility, and reliability of the developed method.

Pesticide Residues in Milk and Fish Samples Collected from Two Egyptian Governorates

1990 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salwa M Dogheim ◽  
Eslam N Nasr ◽  
Monir M Almaz ◽  
Mahmoud M EL-Tohamy
Keyword(s):  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Residue Analysis ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Monitoring Programs ◽  
Future Needs ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Intensive Use ◽  
Fayoum Governorate ◽  
Do So

Abstract Because of the intensive use of pesticides for the control of certain pests In Egypt, country-wide residue monitoring programs must be established that can cover all the Egyptian Governorates exposed to pesticide treatments. To do so, limited programs must be adopted first, so that current situations and future needs for improved programs are identified. The present paper reports results from a limited monitoring program, which started in 1985 in one governorate and then expanded to include another in 1986. Fish and milk samples were the commodities selected for residue analysis. The results showed that milk samples collected from Beni-Suef Governorate in 1986 had lower levels of organochlorine residues compared to those collected in 1985. Residues in boltifish and catfish samples in 1986 were much higher than those detected in 1985. In comparison with Beni-Suef Governorate, and contrary to expectations, milk derived from Fayoum Governorate in 1986 was more contaminated with pesticides. While the amount of residues in boltifish was comparatively higher, catfish samples were less contaminated.

scholarly journals Pesticide Residues Analysis in Human Milk Samples in Isparta Region (Turkey)

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 3931-3936 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Seçilmis Canbay ◽  
S. Ögüt ◽  
M. Yilmazer ◽  
R.S. Ünsal
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Milk Samples

Levels of Pesticide Residues in Egyptian Human Milk Samples and Infant Dietary Intake

1991 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salwa M Dogheim ◽  
Mohamed EL-Shafeey ◽  
Abla M H Afifi ◽  
Fatma E Abdel-Aleem
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Heptachlor Epoxide ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Acceptable Daily Intake ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Hexachlorocyclohexane Isomers ◽  
Breast Fed

Abstract Contamination of human milk with residues of organochlorlne pesticides and polychlorlnated blphenyls was studied In a series of Investigations concerned with the monitoring of these chemicals In Egyptian food. The DDT complex was the most frequently found pesticide, followed by total hexachlorocyclohexane Isomers. Heptachlor and its epoxide, dleldrln, hexachlorobenzene, and oxychlordane were also found but less frequently. Estimated dietary Intakes (EDIs) of these contaminants by the breast-fed Infants were compared to acceptable dally Intakes (ADIs). EDIs of DDT complex, lindane (gamma-HCH), heptachlor + heptachlor epoxide, and oxychlordane were below ADIs. Dleldrln EDI exceeded the acceptable daily intake.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Organophosphorus Pesticide Residues in Citrus Fruits from the Valencian Community (Spain)

1997 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 1122-1128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen M Torres ◽  
Yolanda Picó ◽  
Rosa Marín ◽  
Jordi Mañes
Keyword(s):  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Organophosphorus Pesticides ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Organophosphorus Pesticide ◽  
World Health ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Selected Ion Monitoring ◽  
Residue Levels ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Approximately 200 citrus samples from markets of the Valencian Community (Spain) were analyzed to establish their residue levels in 12 organophosphorus pesticide residues during the 1994-1995 campaign. The organophosphorus pesticides carbophenothion, chlorpyriphos, chlorfenvinphos, diazinon, ethion, fenitrothion, malathion, methidation, methylparathion, phosmet, quinalphos, and tetradifon were simultaneously extracted by matrix solidphase dispersion and determined by gas chromatography- mass spectrometry using selected ion monitoring mode. A total of 32.25% contained pesticide residues and 6.9% exceeded the European Union Maximum Residue Levels (MRLs). The pesticides found in the samples with residues above MRLs were carbophenothion, ethion, methidathion, and methyl parathion. Lower level residues of these and the other pesticides studied (except diazinon) were frequently found. The estimated daily intake of the 12 organophosphorus pesticide residues during the studied period was 4.87 x 10−4 mg/kg body weight/day. This value is lower than the provisional tolerances dairy intakes proposed by the Food and Agriculture Organization and the World Health Organization.

scholarly journals Kuwait's Total Diet Study: Dietary Intake of Organochlorine, Carbamate, Benzimidazole and Phenylurea Pesticide Residues

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 1458-1465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wajih N Sawaya ◽  
Fawzia A Al-Awadhi ◽  
Talat Saeed ◽  
Ali Al-Omair ◽  
Nissar Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
World Health ◽  
Kiwi Fruit ◽  
Total Diet Study ◽  
Fruit Samples ◽  
Total Diet ◽  
Diet Study ◽  
The State Of Kuwait ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Daily Intakes

Abstract The State of Kuwait in cooperation with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) conducted a Total Diet Study (TDS) to estimate intakes of pesticide residues by the population. The levels of organochlorine (OC) pesticides, carbamates, benzimidazoles, and phenylureas in the TDS core list are reported here. The TDS core list was established through a national food consumption survey. All food items (140 for the Kuwaiti adult) were prepared as eaten and analyzed for the pesticides mentioned above. The FDA's multiresidue methods in Volume I of the Pesticide Analytical Manual were used in gas, liquid, and gel permeation chromatographic analyses. Only vegetable and fruit samples contained pesticide residues (mg/kg), including the carbamates 1-naphthol (1.4) and 3H-carbofuran (0.94) in carrots; the OC pesticide vinclozolin (0.47), 3H-carbofuran (0.66), and fenuron (0.6) in kiwi fruit; the OC pesticide procymidone (0.32) and carbendazim (0.5) in grapes; 3H-carbofuran (5.0) in apricots; the OC pesticides captan (0.013) and thiabendazole (0.63) in pears; captan (0.035) in plums; and carbendazim (0.4) in mandarin oranges. The levels of 3H-carbofuran found in both apricots and kiwi fruit exceeded the maximum residue limits (MRLs) of the Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization (FAO/WHO) of the United Nations. The daily intakes of pesticides by the different population groups are discussed in light of the FAO/WHO acceptable daily intakes.

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