Pesticide Residues in Milk and Fish Samples Collected from Two Egyptian Governorates

1990 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salwa M Dogheim ◽  
Eslam N Nasr ◽  
Monir M Almaz ◽  
Mahmoud M EL-Tohamy
Keyword(s):  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Residue Analysis ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Monitoring Programs ◽  
Future Needs ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Intensive Use ◽  
Fayoum Governorate ◽  
Do So

Abstract Because of the intensive use of pesticides for the control of certain pests In Egypt, country-wide residue monitoring programs must be established that can cover all the Egyptian Governorates exposed to pesticide treatments. To do so, limited programs must be adopted first, so that current situations and future needs for improved programs are identified. The present paper reports results from a limited monitoring program, which started in 1985 in one governorate and then expanded to include another in 1986. Fish and milk samples were the commodities selected for residue analysis. The results showed that milk samples collected from Beni-Suef Governorate in 1986 had lower levels of organochlorine residues compared to those collected in 1985. Residues in boltifish and catfish samples in 1986 were much higher than those detected in 1985. In comparison with Beni-Suef Governorate, and contrary to expectations, milk derived from Fayoum Governorate in 1986 was more contaminated with pesticides. While the amount of residues in boltifish was comparatively higher, catfish samples were less contaminated.

scholarly journals Monitoring of Pesticide Residues in Human Milk, Soil, Water, and Food Samples Collectedfrom Kafr El-Zayat Governorate

1996 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salwa M Dogheim ◽  
El-Zarka Mohamed ◽  
Sohair A Gad Alla ◽  
Samia El-Saied ◽  
Emel Y Salama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Organophosphorus Pesticides ◽  
World Health ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Daily Intakes

Abstract Pesticide residues in human milk and environmental samples from Kafr El-Zayat Governorate in Egypt were analyzed. This governorate is located near one of the biggest pesticide factories in Egypt. Organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticides were monitored, including those that have been prohibited from use in Egypt. Human milk samples (31 samples) from Kafr El-Zayat were compared with 11 samples collected from Cairo. Data were compared with results from studies performed in 1987 and 1990. The present study showed that aldrin and dieldrin, heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide, and endrin residues have been eliminated from human milk. Estimated daily intakes (EDIs) of DDT complex and γ-HCH by breast fed infants in Kafr El-Zayat were 85.96 and 3.1% of the respective acceptable daily intakes (ADIs). β- HCH residues showed an increasing pattern, especially in human milk samples from Cairo. DDT complex and HCH isomers in orange, spinach, lettuce, potatoes, and clover samples ranged from undetectable to very low concentrations. Higher levels of DDT and HCH were detected, but aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, and the heptachlors were not detected in food of animal origin. Residues in fish samples were below maximum residue limits established by some developed countries. Those in animal milk samples approached the extraneous residue limits of the Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues. HCH residues in soil were negligible, but DDT resi dues in soil were some what higher. Among watersamples, groundwater samples had the highest residues of HCHs and DDTs, followed by Nile River water and then tap water. However, the organo chlorine pesticide residues were found at concen trations below the maximum allowable limits set by the World Health Organization for drinking water. Among 12 organophosphorus pesticides moni toredas parent compounds, dimethoate,malathion, methamidophos, and chlorpyrifos residues were detected in low concentrations in soil samples from a pesticide factory. No organophosphorus pesticide residues were found in plant samples, except for very low residues of dimethoatein anorange sample. Water samples were devoid of organophosphorus residues as parent compounds.

UHPLC/ESI Q-Orbitrap Quantitation of 655 Pesticide Residues in Fruits and Vegetables—A Companion to an nDATA Working Flow

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (6) ◽  
pp. 1547-1559
Author(s):  
Jian Wang ◽  
Daniel Leung ◽  
Willis Chow ◽  
Jon W Wong ◽  
James Chang
Keyword(s):  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Residue Analysis ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Intermediate Precision ◽  
Monitoring Programs ◽  
Routine Monitoring ◽  
Mass Resolving Power ◽  
Chromatographic Resolution

Abstract Background Effective and expansive methods for multiresidue pesticide analysis are desired for routine monitoring programs. These methods are complex, especially when several hundred pesticides are involved. Objective Two approaches to sort data and identify isomers and isobaric ions in pesticide mixtures were evaluated to determine whether they could be differentiated by mass resolving power and/or chromatographic resolution. Method This study presents an application of ultra-high performance liquid chromatography electrospray Q-Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC/ESI Q-Orbitrap) along with QuEChERS for the quantitation of 655 pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables. Results From the developed method, 94.7% of the 655 pesticides in fruits and 93.9% of those in vegetables had recoveries between 81% and 110%; 98.3% in both fruits and vegetables had an intermediate precision of ≤20%; and 97.7% in fruits or 97.4% in vegetables showed measurement uncertainty of ≤50%. When the retention time difference (ΔtR) of two isomers was ≥0.12 min, they were chromatographically resolved. Twenty five out of 35 pairs or groups of isomers were chromatographically separated (ΔtR ≥ 0.12 min), but 14 pairs were not resolved (ΔtR < 0.12 min). There were 493 pairs of pesticides with a mass-to-charge difference of <1 Da. Only one pair of isobaric ions could not be separated by mass and chromatographic resolution. Highlights UHPLC/ESI Q-Orbitrap along with QuEChERS sample preparation offers a practical quantitative companion method to a non-target data acquisition for target analysis workflow for pesticide residue analysis in routine monitoring programs for food safety.

Pesticide Residues in Composited Milk Collected Through the U.S. Pasteurized Milk Network

1993 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 1220-1225 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J Trotter ◽  
Richard Dickerson
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Residue Analysis ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Pasteurized Milk ◽  
Contract Laboratory ◽  
The U.S

Abstract The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has implemented a comprehensive monitoring program to determine the incidence and levels of organohalogen pesticide residues in milk representing most of the U.S. supply consumed in metropolitan areas. Residue findings for 806 composite milks collected through the Pasteurized Milk Program by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 1990-1991 are reported. Milk was collected on a monthly basis from 63 stations selected by EPA for radionuclide monitoring. These stations provide an estimated 80% of the milk delivered to U.S. population centers. At each station, milk from selected sources had been composited to represent the milk routinely consumed in its metropolitan area. Portions of these composites were forwarded to an FDA contract laboratory for pesticide residue analysis. Pesticide residues were found in 398 (49.4%) of 806 test samples, on the basis of a 0.0005 ppm limit of detection for each residue on a whole-product basis. A total of 455 occurrences of pesticide residues were found; p,p’-DDE and dieldrin accounted for 384 (84.4%) of these occurrences. The highest level was 0.019 ppm p,p’- DDE.

scholarly journals Assessment of Pesticide Residues in Flesh ofCatla catlafrom Ravi River, Pakistan

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mobeen Akhtar ◽  
Shahid Mahboob ◽  
Salma Sultana ◽  
Tayyaba Sultana ◽  
Khalid Abdullah Alghanim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Catla Catla ◽  
Endosulfan Sulfate ◽  
Fish Flesh ◽  
Monitoring Programs ◽  
Food Standards ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Maximum Residue Limits

The levels of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), endosulfan, endosulfan sulfate, carbofuran, and cartap which were estimated in the flesh ofCatla catlasampled from ten sites of Ravi River between its stretches from Shahdara to Head Balloki were studied to know the level of contamination of the selected pesticides by GC-ECD method. All fish samples were found contaminated with different concentrations of DDT, DDE, endosulfan, and carbofuran; however, DDT and DDE concentrations were more than the maximum residue limits (MRLs) about food standards, while endosulfan sulfate and cartap were not detected. Pesticide concentrations in the fish flesh were ranged from 3.240 to 3.389 for DDT, 2.290 to 2.460 for DDE, 0.112 to 0.136 for endosulfan, and 0.260 to 0.370 μg g−1for carbofuran. The findings revealed that the pesticide concentrations in the fish flesh decreased in the order: DDT > DDE > carbofuran > endosulfan. After Degh fall and After Hudiara nulla fall river sampling sites were found severely contaminated. It is proposed that a constant monitoring programs are needed to be initiated to overcome the present alarming situation.

scholarly journals Shellfish Toxin Uptake and Depuration in Multiple Atlantic Canadian Molluscan Species: Application to Selection of Sentinel Species in Monitoring Programs

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Wade A. Rourke ◽  
Andrew Justason ◽  
Jennifer L. Martin ◽  
Cory J. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Sentinel Species ◽  
Paralytic Shellfish Toxins ◽  
Monitoring Programs ◽  
Paralytic Shellfish ◽  
Shellfish Toxin ◽  
Multiple Species ◽  
Toxin Uptake ◽  
Bivalve Shellfish ◽  
Selection Of

Shellfish toxin monitoring programs often use mussels as the sentinel species to represent risk in other bivalve shellfish species. Studies have examined accumulation and depuration rates in various species, but little information is available to compare multiple species from the same harvest area. A 2-year research project was performed to validate the use of mussels as the sentinel species to represent other relevant eastern Canadian shellfish species (clams, scallops, and oysters). Samples were collected simultaneously from Deadmans Harbour, NB, and were tested for paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) and amnesic shellfish toxin (AST). Phytoplankton was also monitored at this site. Scallops accumulated PSTs and AST sooner, at higher concentrations, and retained toxins longer than mussels. Data from monitoring program samples in Mahone Bay, NS, are presented as a real-world validation of findings. Simultaneous sampling of mussels and scallops showed significant differences between shellfish toxin results in these species. These data suggest more consideration should be given to situations where multiple species are present, especially scallops.

Comprehensive Piping Vibration Monitoring Programs

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gyorgy Szasz ◽  
Karen K. Fujikawa
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Rotating Machinery ◽  
Vibration Monitoring ◽  
Vibration Testing ◽  
Routine Manner ◽  
Monitoring Programs ◽  
Meaningful Data

Though piping is one of the largest and most expensive types of components in a plant, piping vibration is seldom monitored in a routine manner. Piping itself rarely fails due to vibration, but the same can not be said for related components such as supports, welds, valves, etc. Typically the only time piping vibration is monitored is if high vibration is perceived by operators or is expected due to plant operational changes such as uprates or major component replacements. The procedure for a comprehensive piping vibration monitoring program is thus not as widely known as that for other components such as rotating machinery. This paper presents the steps involved with monitoring piping vibration, obtaining meaningful data and ways to interpret the data. It could be viewed as a primer to those who have never been involved with vibration testing on piping, or as a guideline and checklist for those who have.

scholarly journals Pesticide residue in fishes from Rangpur

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Maria Zaman ◽  
Nasim Sultana ◽  
Mozaffar Husain ◽  
M Niamul Naser
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Sulphuric Acid ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Gas Chromatograph ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Northwestern Bangladesh

Pesticide residues, specially the persistent organic pollutant (POP) were analyzed from some fish species of Rangpur floodplain, Bangladesh. Fish samples were extracted with ethyl acetate, cleaned by sulphuric acid and analyzed by gas chromatograph and gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer. Presence of endrin was detected in Taki fish (Channa punctatus) samples. Traces of other pesticides were also evident. This confirms the use of banned pesticide in the northwestern Bangladesh. We discussed some consequences of public health issues if these contaminantspasses through in the higher food chain from the wetland ecosystem.Bangladesh J. Zool. 44(1): 1-8, 2016

Multi-pesticide residue analysis by high resolution mass spectrometry in complementary matrices: wheat flour, lettuce and apple samples

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (32) ◽  
pp. 3958-3967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilda Chiarello ◽  
Sidnei Moura
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Pesticide Residue ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Residue Analysis ◽  
Food Contamination ◽  
Pesticide Residue Analysis ◽  
Resolution Mass

Nowadays, food contamination with pesticide residues is prevalent, which can cause problems to human health.

Determination of multiple organochlorine pesticide residues in shrimp using modified QuEChERS extraction and gas chromatography

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-93
Author(s):  
MDH Prodhan ◽  
SN Alam
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticide ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Residue Analysis ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Modified Quechers ◽  
Endosulfan Sulphate ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticide Residues

Determination of organochlorine pesticide residues in shrimp is very important to ensure the consumer’s safety and to fulfill the importer’s demand. Therefore, a simple and efficient multiple organochlorine pesticide residues analytical method using quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe (QuEChERS) extraction technique and Gas Chromatography coupled with Electron Capture Detector (ECD) has been developed and validated for the determination of 19 organochlorine pesticides (α- BHC, δ- BHC, β- BHC, γ- BHC, Heptachlor, Aldrin, Heptachlor Epoxide, γ- Chlordane, α- Chlordane, α- Endosulfan, 4,4 DDE, Dieldrin, Endrin, 4,4 DDD, β- Endosulfan, 4,4 DDT, Endosulfan sulphate, Methoxychlor, and Endrin Ketone) in shrimp. The method was validated by evaluating the accuracy, precision, linearity, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ). The average recoveries of the selected pesticides ranged from 84% to 106% with RSDr ≤ 14% in four fortification levels of 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg kg-1. The linearity was ≥ 0.996 for all of the selected pesticides with matrix matched calibration standards. The LOD ranged from 0.003 to 0.009 mg kg-1 and the LOQ was 0.05 mg kg-1. This method was applied successfully for the residue analysis of 40 shrimp samples collected from different regions in Bangladesh.SAARC J. Agri., 16(1): 81-93 (2018)

Using confidence intervals to estimate the response of salmon populations (Oncorhynchus spp.) to experimental habitat alterations

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (12) ◽  
pp. 2716-2726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J Bradford ◽  
Josh Korman ◽  
Paul S Higgins
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Null Hypothesis ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Habitat Restoration ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Fish Habitat ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Considerable Uncertainty ◽  
Monitoring Programs

There is considerable uncertainty about the effectiveness of fish habitat restoration programs, and reliable monitoring programs are needed to evaluate them. Statistical power analysis based on traditional hypothesis tests are usually used for monitoring program design, but here we argue that effect size estimates and their associated confidence intervals are more informative because results can be compared with both the null hypothesis of no effect and effect sizes of interest, such as restoration goals. We used a stochastic simulation model to compare alternative monitoring strategies for a habitat alteration that would change the productivity and capacity of a coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) producing stream. Estimates of the effect size using a freshwater stock–recruit model were more precise than those from monitoring the abundance of either spawners or smolts. Less than ideal monitoring programs can produce ambiguous results, which are cases in which the confidence interval includes both the null hypothesis and the effect size of interest. Our model is a useful planning tool because it allows the evaluation of the utility of different types of monitoring data, which should stimulate discussion on how the results will ultimately inform decision-making.

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