scholarly journals PSIII-9 Differences in Conception Rate across Breeding Protocols in Dairy Cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 234-234
Author(s):  
Colin Lynch ◽  
Gerson Oliveira ◽  
Flavio Schenkel ◽  
Christine F Baes
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Activity Monitors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Estrus Detection ◽  
Conception Rates ◽  
Commercial Farms

Abstract Fertility performance success on dairy farms starts with estrus detection, especially for artificial insemination programs. Detection of estrus has become more difficult over the years due to a decrease in estrus expression in high-producing dairy cows, with up to 60% of ovulations accompanied by no standing mount. In order to alleviate the pressure of estrus detection, management technologies have been developed, including automated detectors of standing heat, activity monitors, automated in-line systems measuring milk progesterone, and hormonal synchronization protocols (FTAI). To gauge the effectiveness of such technologies, records from 647,940 cows across 1,166 herds over the past ten years (total of 3,466,593 breeding records) from herd management software were analyzed. Across all herds, there were 5,804 breeding protocols, of which 2,046 were unique. Due to the wide range of breeding protocols, records were classified as HORMONES, FTAI, HEAT DETECTION and OTHERS. Breeding protocols were classified as HORMONES if they included any hormone treatment. FTAI was a stricter subset of HORMONES, which included only clear FTAI protocols. Protocols were classified as HEAT DETECTION if they were a clear heat detection protocol, with all remaining protocols classified as OTHERS. These classifications resulted in 3,258 protocols classified as HORMONES, of which 2,002 were FTAI, while a further 1,840 were classified as HEAT DETECTION. The remaining 706 codes were classified as OTHER and removed from this study. These classifications provided an initial overview of breeding methods conception rates, with results indicating significant differences (P < 0.05) between all protocol groups, as outlined in Table 1. Further analysis will be completed to indicate conception rates from the most commonly used breeding protocols across each of the protocol groups within the 1,192 herds. This work will help provide a better understanding of the expected conception rate of various management technologies on commercial farms.

scholarly journals Effects of GnRH, PGF2α and oxytocin treatments on conception rate at the time of artificial insemination in lactating dairy cows

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 279-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gümen ◽  
A. Keskin ◽  
G. Yilmazbas-Mecitoglu ◽  
E. Karakaya ◽  
S. Cevik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Conception Rates ◽  
Prostaglandin F ◽  
And Control

In several studies, hormones such as gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), prostaglandins and oxytocin were used to increase pregnancy rate by inducing ovulation and improving the sperm transport in the female reproductive tract in lactating dairy cattle. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of GnRH, prostaglandin F<sub>2&alpha;</sub> (PGF<sub>2&alpha;</sub>) and oxytocin treatments at the time of artificial insemination (AI) after spontaneous oestrus on the conception rate (CR) of lactating dairy cows. Oestrus was detected by visual observations by experienced personnel. All cows (n = 430, 308 Holstein-Frisian and 122 Swedish-Red dairy cows) were inseminated based on the am/pm rule by veterinarians of the farm. After AI, cows were alternately assigned to one of the four treatment groups: (1) GnRH (n = 113); (2) PGF<sub>2&alpha;</sub> (n = 106);<br />(3) oxytocin (n = 106) and (4) non-treated control (n = 105). Pregnancy diagnosis was performed 28&ndash;34 and 58&ndash;64 days post-insemination by transrectal ultrasonography. Conception rates on days 28&ndash;34 and 58&ndash;64 were not different among GnRH (46.0%; 52/113 and 44.3%; 50/113), PGF<sub>2&alpha;</sub> (37.7%; 40/106 and 35.9%; 38/106) and control (49.5%; 52/105 and 47.6%; 50/105) groups. However, conception rates were lower (P = 0.02) in oxytocin (31.1%; 33/106 and 30.2%; 32/106) than in GnRH and control groups on days 28&ndash;34 and 58&ndash;64. Other covariant factors, such as milk production, days in milk (DIM), breed, parity, service number did not affect the conception rate. Thus, there were no beneficial effects of treatments with GnRH and PGF2&alpha; at the time of AI, and oxytocin had an adverse effect on CR in lactating dairy cows in this study.

scholarly journals Effect of GnRH or Estradiol Benzoate on Reproductive Traits during a Heatsynch Protocol in Dairy Cows

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Laís Mielke ◽  
Mityelle Da Costa Chaves Rodrigues ◽  
Márcio Érpen Lima ◽  
Diego Andres Velasco Acosta ◽  
Francisco Augusto Burkert Del Pino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Estradiol Benzoate ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Follicular Wave ◽  
Linear Probe ◽  
Estrus Detection ◽  
Conception Rates

Background: Milk production of cows is closely correlated with its reproductive efficiency. One of the several factors influencing the dairy efficiency is the decline in fertility of the cows/heifers. Use of hormonal protocol are often used to improve the fertility of the recipients. Several programs are available to inseminate dairy cows, with variation in the use of different types of hormones, time of use and range of duration period, as well as the time of AI. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of follicular wave emergence induction of estradiol benzoate in comparison to GnRH in a Heatsynch protocol and its influence on reproductive parameters.Materials, Methods & Results: In this study were used primiparous and multiparous Holstein cows (n = 325). Animals were divided randomly into two different treatments according with the hormone used to induce follicular wave emergence (D0). The GnRH group (n = 167), was given 25 mg, while in the EB group (n = 158) was used 2 mg. At same day, were inserted, a controlled internal drug-releasing containing 1.9 g of progesterone CIDR®. On day 7, CIDR was removed and cows were given 25 mg luteinizing hormone followed by an injection of 1 mg Inducer Ovulation at day 8. Cows were then observed for signs of estrus for at least two hours (twice daily at 7 am and 6 pm) for three days following CIDR® removal. Cows detected in estrus were inseminated 12 h later the estrus detection. Pregnancy status was determined by ultrasonography at 30 ± 5 d and 60 ± 5 d after AI. A single technician was responsible for the estrus detection and inseminations. A single technician was responsible for the estrus detection and inseminations. Ultrassonographic examinations with ultrasound, transrectal linear probe of 5 MHz, were performed for the diagnosis of pregnancy at 30 and 60 days after artificial insemination. Binomially distributed data, such as, estrous response, conception rate, pregnancy rate and pregnancy losses, were analyzed by Chi-square test. Pregnancy rates at 30-35 days and 60-65 days as well as pregnancy losses were considered in the model for the effect of parity (primiparous vs. multiparous) and the group of estrus behavior during the Heatsynch protocol. Conception rate was similar between GnRH (36.1%, 57/158) and EB (37.7%, 63/167) treatments. Cows showing estrus signs after CIDR removed were 71.9% in GnRH and 62% in EB group (P = 0.05). Embryonic losses were different (P = 0.03) according to groups of cows showing estrus signals or not.Discussion: Our results demonstrate that conception rates are not affected by using either EB or GnRH at the beginning of the Heatsynch protocol. Therefore, the EB can be an alternative choice to GnRH at Heatsynch beginning. Similar results were found by autor in dairy cows, once it was also observed that there is no difference in conception rate in two TAI protocols using either GnRH or EB. In Heatsynch protocols the increase in estrus detection are a key factor to increase fertility in lactating dairy cows. It can be explained once animals in regular estrous cycle have a palpable corpus luteum and circulating progesterone concentration higher than 1 ng/mL which leads than to enhance pregnancy ratios. The use of BE at the time of CIDR insertion in TAI protocols for dairy cattle proved to be an alternative to GnRH considering conception rates. Therefore, the use of BE at the time of CIDR insertion in a Heatsynch protocol in dairy cattle proved to be an alternative to GnRH which can be an important tool to increase the TAI utilization by farmers. Furthermore, in Heatsynch protocol cows showing estrus have pregnancy rates improved and lower pregnancy losses.

scholarly journals Influence of seasonality, timing of insemination and rectal temperature on conception rate of crossbred dairy cows

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fransérgio Rocha de Souza ◽  
Carla Cristian Campos ◽  
Natascha Almeida Marques da Silva ◽  
Ricarda Maria dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Digital Thermometer ◽  
Pregnancy Diagnosis ◽  
Chi Squared

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of rectal temperature (RT) on conception rate (CR), as well as the effects of seasonality (spring-summer vs. autumn-winter) and timing of artificial insemination (AI) (morning vs. afternoon) on RT and CR in crossbred dairy cows (Holstein x Gyr). The experiment was conducted on a dairy farm in Centralina, MG, where 1,219 conventional and fixed-time inseminations were analyzed. The RT was measured immediately before AI using a digital thermometer. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed using ultrasonography between 28 and 60 days after AI. T The effects of seasonality and timing of AI on RT were analyzed with a Mann-Whitney U test and the effects of RT (above or below the average), seasonality and timing of AI on CR were analyzed with a Chi-squared test, both using the SAS program. The RT average was 39.4°C. Cows with RT ? 39.4°C had lower CR than cows with RT < 39.4°C (25.78% vs. 32.54%; P = 0.0096). During spring-summer, cows had higher RT (39.44°C ± 0.025 vs. 39.27°C ± 0.022; P < 0.0001) and lower CR (25.49% vs. 31.75%; P = 0.0146) compared with autumn-winter. Cows inseminated in the morning had lower RT (38.96°C ± 0.022 vs. 39.60°C ± 0.018; P < 0.0001) and higher CR (32.86% vs. 26.06%; P = 0.0102) than cows inseminated in the afternoon. In conclusion, crossbred dairy cows with rectal temperature equal to or greater than 39.4°C had lower conception rate. Moreover, rectal temperature and conception rate were affected by seasonality and insemination time.

23 EFFECTS OF THE NUMBER OF SERVICES FERTILITY IN DAIRY COWS

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 118 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yamaguchi ◽  
M. Tanisawa ◽  
H. Koyama ◽  
S. Takahashi ◽  
O. Dochi
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
The Third ◽  
Total Percentage ◽  
Conception Rates ◽  
Service Conception ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Rectal Palpation

In recent years, reproductive performance of dairy cows has been declining worldwide, especially among cows of high genetic merit for milk production. The cause of the low fertility may considerably vary across countries and is probably multifactorial. This problem remains unsolved. Further, the first-service conception rate of dairy cows has remarkably decreased worldwide. The number of services required for conception has increased due to the low fertility in dairy cows. However, there are few reports about the relationship between conception rates and the number of services in the current dairy cows. The objective of this study was to investigate whether the number of services affects the conception rates of dairy cows. Data concerning the conception rates was obtained for 8386 Holstein cows from 40 commercial dairy herds in eastern Hokkaido, Japan, from 2006 to 2009. The diagnosis of pregnancy was confirmed by rectal palpation between 30 and 45 days after insemination. The average interval between calving and the first-service was 87.3 days. The average milk yield was 8500 kg. Number of conducting services was from the first to the seventh service. The conception rate was analysed using chi-square test. The results are presented in Table1. The conception rate from the first to the seventh service was 40.2 to 54.0%. The conception rate at the first service was significantly low (40.2%); however, the conception rates did not significantly differ after the second-service. A similar tendency was observed during each year. Moreover, the total percentage of conceptions from the first to the third service was 83.8%. The average number of services per conception was 2.2. The results of this study indicate that the first service yielded the lowest conception rates. The conception rates after the second service did not significantly differ. Moreover, ∼84% of the dairy cows became pregnant between the first service and the third service. However, this result shows that ∼16% of the dairy cows in the herds were repeat breeding. In order to improve fertility, it is necessary to study the factors that affect the first-service conception rates of dairy cows. Moreover, to improve the conception rate of dairy cows, it is important to elucidate the cause of these problems. Table 1.The number and percentage of dairy cows conceiving at each of the services for consecutive services

Use of sex-sorted sperm in lactating dairy cows upon estrus detection or following timed artificial insemination

2013 ◽  
Vol 143 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 19-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.F. Sá Filho ◽  
M.F. Mendanha ◽  
R.V. Sala ◽  
F.J. Carvalho ◽  
L.H.C. Guimarães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Estrus Detection ◽  
Timed Artificial Insemination

scholarly journals Effect of two prostaglandin injections on days 5 and 6 in a timed AI protocol after estrus expression on pregnancy outcomes in dairy cows during cold or hot seasons of the year

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-170
Author(s):  
Mufeed A. Alnimer ◽  
Mohamed A. Abedal-Majed ◽  
Ahmad I. Shamoun
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Estrus Detection ◽  
Timed Artificial Insemination ◽  
Observation Period ◽  
Synchronization Protocol ◽  
Voluntary Waiting Period

Abstract. The objective of this study was to test whether prostaglandin (PG) injection on day 30 postpartum (pp) and detection of estrus can affect the efficacy of injecting PG on days 5 and 6 in the timed artificial insemination (TAI) protocol on pregnancy rate in a large dairy herd in hot or cold seasons. Out of 2235 cows, 1998 received an injection of PG at 30±3 d pp and estrus was observed. Cows that displayed estrus during the estrous observation period after PG injection were classified as estrus (E), while those that did not show estrus were classified as nonestrus (NE). Cows in each group were assigned to two treatments: CO-72 (control treatment) (ECO-72 and NECO-72) (day 44 GnRH, day 51 PGF2α, day 54 GnRH+TAI) or PG–PG (EPG–PG and NEPG–PG) (day 44 GnRH, day 49 PGF2α, day 50 PGF2α, day 52 GnRH+TAI). Pregnancy was diagnosed on days 33 and 47 after artificial insemination (AI). The proportion of cows in estrus on the day of TAI was higher (P≤0.05) for cows that received two PG than for cows that received one PG. Pregnancies per AI (P/AI) on days 33 and 47 for cows inseminated during and after a voluntary waiting period in the NEPG–PG treatment had higher rates than for cows in the EPG–PG, ECO-72 and NECO-72 treatments. Moreover, P/AI were significantly (P≤0.05) affected by parity. Primiparous had higher P/AI (37.0 %) than multiparous cows (31.6 %). Cows inseminated in cold months had higher P/AI and reduced PL (35.6 % and 20.8 %) than cows inseminated in hot months (29.1 % and 30.6 %, respectively). In conclusion, treatments with PG on days 5 and 6 after the first GnRH injection increased P/AI. Estrus detection before the beginning of TAI protocol did not affect fertility. To maximize P/AI cows exhibiting heat at any time during the synchronization protocol should be inseminated.

scholarly journals Rasio Jenis Kelamin Kelahiran Anak Kambing Peranakan Ettawa (PE) Hasil Inseminasi Buatan Menggunakan Spermatozoa Swim Up

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-138
Author(s):  
Sariadi Sariadi ◽  
Dasrul Dasrul ◽  
Muslim Akmal
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Multiple Test ◽  
Conception Rates

(The ratio of birth sex of ettawa crossbreed goat by artificial insemination using spermatozoa swim up)ABSTRACT. The aim of this research was to determine the ratio of birth sex of ettawa crossbreed goat by artificial insemination using spermatozoa swim up. This research was at Reproduction Laboratory Faculty of Veterinary medicine Syiah Kuala university and Livestock Group SMD, Bener Meriah Regency. Fifteen female goats with age 8-24 months where used in this study and divided into 3 treatment groups (P0, P1, P2) and 5 replications of each. The first group (P0) inseminated with sperm without swim up; P1 and P2 inseminated with sperm which swim up for 5 minutes (P1) and 10 minutes (P2). The result of conception rates observation and sex ratio of children born tabulated into tables. The data was analyzed by using analysis of variance (ANOVA) one way pattern followed by the multiple test Duncan. The results showed that the conception rate and birth sex ratio of male born had significantly different (P0,05). The segregation of sperm which swim up increased the conception rate and birth sex ratio of male born.

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