160 Injectable Vitamin C Prior to Transit and Transit Duration Effects on Feedlot Performance, Inflammation, and Muscle Fatigue of Beef Steers

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 121-121
Author(s):  
Aubree M Beenken ◽  
Erin L Deters ◽  
Stephanie L Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Muscle Fatigue ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Serum Lactate ◽  
Sodium Ascorbate ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Feedlot Performance

Abstract This study examined the effects of injectable vitamin C (VC) before transport and duration of transit on feedlot performance, inflammation, and muscle fatigue in cattle. One hundred thirty-one, Angus-cross steers (409 ± 4 kg) were stratified by bodyweight (BW) to a 2 × 2 factorial of intramuscular injection (INJ; 20 mL/steer): VC (250 mg sodium ascorbate/mL) or saline (SAL) and road transit duration (DUR): 18 (18; 1,770 km) or 8 h (8; 727 km). On d 0, steers were weighed and received INJ of SAL or VC immediately before transport. Upon return (d 1), BW and blood were collected before steers returned to pens with GrowSafe bunks. Steers were weighed on d 0, 1, 7, 15, 30, 31, 54, and 55. Data were analyzed via ProcMixed of SAS (experimental unit = steer; 32–34 steers/treatment) with fixed effects of INJ, DUR, and the interaction. Blood was collected on d -5, 1, 2, and 3 (9 steers/treatment); blood parameters were analyzed as repeated measures. Average daily gain (ADG) and BW were greater on d 7 and 15 for SAL-18 compared to all other treatments (INJ × DUR, P < 0.01). Final BW, overall ADG, and gain:feed were greater for 18 than 8 (P < 0.01). Injection did not affect BW (P > 0.13) but VC decreased overall dry matter intake compared to SAL (P = 0.03). Steers transported for 18 h had greater serum lactate, haptoglobin, and non-esterified fatty acid concentrations on d 1 compared to steers transported for 8 h (DUR × DAY, P < 0.01). Day 1 plasma ascorbate concentrations were greater for VC and returned to baseline concentrations by d 2 (INJ × DAY, P < 0.01). In contrast to previous work, VC did not improve post-transit performance; however, longer transit duration increased indicators of muscle fatigue and inflammation.

scholarly journals The effect of injectable vitamin C and road transit duration on inflammation, muscle fatigue, and performance in pre-conditioned beef steer calves

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aubree M Beenken ◽  
Erin L Deters ◽  
Stephanie L Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Muscle Fatigue ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Serum Lactate ◽  
Sodium Ascorbate ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Transit Performance

Abstract This study examined the effects of injectable vitamin C (VC) before transport and duration of transit on feedlot performance, inflammation, and muscle fatigue in cattle. One hundred thirty-two Angus-cross steers (393 ± 4 kg) were stratified by body weight (BW) to a 2 × 2 factorial of intramuscular injection (INJ; 20 mL/steer): VC (250 mg sodium ascorbate/mL) or saline (SAL) and road transit duration (DUR): 18 h (18-h; 1,770 km) or 8 h (8-h; 727 km). On d 0, steers were weighed and given INJ of VC or SAL immediately before transport. Upon return (d 1), BW and blood were collected before steers returned to pens equipped with GrowSafe bunks. Steers were weighed on d 0, 1, 7, 15, 30, 31, 54, and 55. Data were analyzed via ProcMixed of SAS (experimental unit = steer; 32 to 34 steers/treatment) with fixed effects of INJ, DUR, and the interaction. Blood was collected on d -5, 1, 2, 3, and 7 (n = 9 steers/treatment); blood parameters were analyzed as repeated measures with the repeated effect of day. Area under the curve (AUC) for plasma ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) was calculated using R. Final BW was greater for 8-h compared to 18-h (P = 0.05) with no effect of INJ or interaction (P ≥ 0.51). Dry matter intake (DMI) from d 1 to 7 was greater for VC-8, intermediate for VC-18 and SAL-18, and least for SAL-8 (P = 0.02). Overall DMI tended to be greatest for SAL-18, intermediate for VC-18 and VC-8, and lowest by least for SAL-8 (P = 0.08). Day 7 to 31 gain:feed (G:F) was greatest for VC-18 compared to other treatments (INJ × DUR, P = 0.05), and there was no effect of treatment on overall G:F (P ≥ 0. 19). There was no INJ or INJ × DAY (P ≥ 0.17) effect on serum lactate, haptoglobin, or non-esterified fatty acid. However, these blood parameters were greater on d 1 for 18-h compared to 8-h, and both treatments returned to near baseline by d 3 (DUR × DAY, P < 0.01). Plasma ascorbate concentrations on d 1 were greater for VC compared to SAL and returned to baseline by d 2 (INJ × DAY, P < 0.01). Plasma FRAP AUC from d -5 to 3 was greatest for VC-18, intermediate for VC-8 and SAL-8, and lowest by least for SAL-18 (INJ × DAY, P = 0.02). This suggests an antioxidant prior to long-haul transit positively influenced antioxidant capacity; however, VC did not improve overall post-transit performance. While longer transit duration increased indicators of muscle fatigue and inflammation, post-transit performance was not appreciably different between transit durations.

scholarly journals 44 Pre-transit vitamin C injection improves post-transit performance of beef steers

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 34-34
Author(s):  
Erin Deters ◽  
Stephanie L Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Sodium Ascorbate ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Subsequent Performance

Abstract This study sought to determine the effects of injectable vitamin C (VC), pre- or post-transit, on blood parameters and feedlot performance of beef steers. Seventy-two, Angus-cross steers were blocked by weight (356 ± 18 kg) and randomly assigned to intramuscular injection treatments (20 mL/steer): saline pre- and post-transit (CON), VC (Vet One; 250 mg sodium ascorbate/mL) pre-transit and saline post-transit (PRE), or saline pre-transit and VC post-transit (POST). Following pre-transit injections (d 0), steers were transported for ~18 h (1,675 km). Upon return (d 1), steers received post-transit injections and were sorted into pens (6 steers/pen) equipped with GrowSafe bunks. Steers were weighed on d 0, 1, 7, 30, 31, 56, and 57. Blood was collected on d 0, 1, 2, and 7. Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design using ProcMixed of SAS (experimental unit = steer; 24 steers/treatment); treatment and block were fixed effects. Blood variables were analyzed as repeated measures. Injectable VC did not affect BW shrink due to transit (P = 0.28). Compared to CON-steers, PRE or POST-steers exhibited greater dry matter intake from d 31-57 and overall (d 1-57; P ≤ 0.02). Average daily gain was greatest for PRE-steers from d 7-31 and overall (P ≤ 0.05), resulting in PRE-steers being heaviest on d 30/31 (P = 0.03) and tending to be heaviest on d 56/57 (P = 0.07). Plasma ascorbate concentrations were decreased immediately post-transit for CON and POST-steers but increased for PRE-steers (treatment × day; P < 0.01). Plasma ferric reducing antioxidant potential and malondialdehyde were decreased post-transit while serum non-esterified fatty acid and haptoglobin were increased; all blood parameters returned to baseline by d 7 (day; P < 0.01). Timing of injectable VC administration appears to influence how cattle respond to transit as pre-transit administration improved subsequent performance of steers.

scholarly journals 191 Effects of injectable vitamin C at weaning and prior to transit on growth performance and immune function of beef steers

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 152-153
Author(s):  
Aubree M Beenken ◽  
Erin L Deters ◽  
Colten W Dornbach ◽  
Stephanie L Hansen ◽  
Joshua C McCann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Plasma Ascorbate ◽  
Antibody Titers

Abstract Ninety-one early-weaned (65 ± 11 d) Angus steers (92 ± 4 kg) were blocked by age to a 2 × 2 factorial examining effects of injectable vitamin C (VC) at weaning and/or prior to transport to the feedlot on antibody titers and growth performance. Injections (20 mL/steer) of VC (250 mg sodium ascorbate/mL) or saline (SAL) were given at time of weaning on d 0 (WEAN) and/or prior to a 6 hr trucking event to a feedlot on d 49 (TRANS). Steers were given booster vaccinations on d 0. Steers were weighed on d 0, 1, 14, 48, 49, 64, 106, and 107. Blood was collected (12 steers/treatment) on d 0, 1, 2, 14, 49 (pre- and post-transit), 50, and 51. Data were analyzed via Proc-Mixed of SAS (experimental unit = steer; n = 22–23/treatment) with fixed effects of block, WEAN, TRANS, and WEAN × TRANS. Plasma ascorbate concentrations for weaning (d 0, 1, and 2) and transit (d 49-pre-trucking, 49-post-trucking, 50, and 51) were analyzed as repeated measures (repeated effect = day). Plasma ascorbate concentrations were greater on d 1 and 2 for steers that received VC at weaning (VC = 19.6, SAL = 8.8 ± 1.26 µM; WEAN × day P < 0.01). Similarly, ascorbate concentrations were greater on d 49 post-trucking, 50, and 51 for steers that received VC pre-transit (TRANS × day P = 0.01). Treatments did not affect bodyweight or average daily gain throughout the trial (P > 0.32). There were no effects of treatment on serum Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus type 2 antibody titers on d 14 or 51 (P > 0.33). An injection of VC administered to early weaned beef steers at weaning or pre-transit increases plasma ascorbate concentrations but does not improve growth performance or antibody response to vaccination booster.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a novel threonine source for nursery pig diets

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalton Humphrey ◽  
Spenser Becker ◽  
Jason Lee ◽  
Keith Haydon ◽  
Laura Greiner
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Covariance Structure ◽  
Treatment Phase ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Nursery Pigs

Abstract Four hundred and eighty (PIC 337 X 1050, PIC Genus, Hendersonville, TN) pigs were used to evaluate a novel threonine source (ThrPro, CJ America Bio, Fort Dodge, IA) for nursery pigs from approximately 7 to 20 kg body weight (BW). After weaning, pigs were sorted by sex and fed a common diet for 1 wk. Upon completion of the first week, pigs were sorted into randomized complete blocks, equalized by weight, within 16 replications. Pigs were allocated to one of three dietary treatments: positive control (POS)—standard ileal digestible threonine-to-lysine ratio (SID; Thr:Lys) 0.60, negative control (NEG)—SID Thr:Lys ≤0.46, and alternative Thr source (TEST)—SID Thr:Lys 0.60. The alternative Thr source included fermentative biomass and was assumed to contain 75% Thr and a digestibility coefficient of 100% based on the manufacturer’s specifications. All other nutrients met or exceeded the NRC recommendations. Growth and intake data were analyzed as repeated measures with a compound symmetry covariance structure using the MIXED procedure in SAS 9.4 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC) with pen as the experimental unit. Treatment, phase, the interaction between treatment and phase, and block were included as fixed effects in the model. Differences in total removals were tested using Fisher’s Exact Test of PROC FREQ. Results were considered significant at P ≤ 0.05 and considered a trend at P > 0.05 and P ≤ 0.10. During the first 14 d, pigs fed TEST had decreased gain-to-feed ratio (G:F; 0.77 vs. 0.80, P = 0.022) compared to POS and increased G:F (0.77 vs. 0.73, P < 0.001) compared to NEG. Over days 14–28, pigs fed TEST had similar G:F (0.71 vs. 0.70, P = 0.112) compared to POS and increased G:F (0.71 vs. 0.63, P < 0.001) compared to NEG. Overall (days 0–28), pigs fed TEST had similar average daily gain (ADG; 0.47 vs. 0.47 kg/d, P = 0.982) and G:F (0.76 vs. 0.74, P = 0.395) compared to POS and increased ADG (0.47 vs. 0.43 kg/d, P < 0.001) and G:F (0.76 vs. 0.67, P < 0.001) compared to NEG. The average daily feed intake was not significantly different across treatments for the entirety of the study. In conclusion, the replacement of crystalline L-Thr with a novel Thr source resulted in similar growth performance in nursery pigs from approximately 7 to 20 kg.

287 Effects of a Novel Rumen-protected Folic Acid Supplement on Feedlot Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Beef Steers

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 160-161
Author(s):  
Erin L Deters ◽  
Emma Niedermayer ◽  
Olivia N Genther-Schroeder ◽  
Christopher Blank ◽  
Remy Carmichael ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract To assess effects of a novel rumen-protected folic acid (RPFA) supplement, 180 Angus-cross steers (292 ± 18 kg) were blocked by body weight to pens and randomly assigned to dietary treatments (n = 6 pens/treatment): target intake of 0 (CON), 30 (RPFA-30), 60 (RPFA-60), 90 (RPFA-90), 120 (RPFA-120), or 150 (RPFA-150) mg RPFA·steer-1·d-1. Steers were weighed on d -1, 0, 55, 56 (end of growing), 86, 87, 181, and 182. Liver and blood were collected (two steers/pen) before trial initiation and at the end of growing and finishing. Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design using ProcMixed of SAS (fixed effects of treatment and block; experimental unit of pen). Liver abscess scores were analyzed using ProcGenmod of SAS. Contrast statements evaluated polynomial effects of RPFA and compared CON vs. RPFA-30. At end of growing, RPFA linearly increased plasma folic acid (P < 0.01) and linearly decreased plasma glucose (P = 0.01). Liver folic acid concentrations at end of growing were greatest for CON, RPFA-90, and RPFA-120 (cubic P = 0.01), and growing period (d 0 to 56) average daily gain and gain:feed were greatest for CON and RPFA-120 (cubic P ≤ 0.03). At end of finishing, RPFA linearly increased plasma folic acid concentrations (P < 0.01), and liver folic acid concentrations were lesser for CON vs. RPFA-30 (P = 0.04). Severe liver abscess percentage tended to be greater for CON vs. RPFA-30 (P = 0.09), while dressing percent was lesser for CON vs. RPFA-30 (P = 0.04). Overall (d 0 to 182) carcass-adjusted gain:feed tended to be greater for CON vs. RPFA-30 (P = 0.09). Although RPFA increased plasma folic acid concentrations throughout the study, feedlot performance was not improved, possibly due to low vitamin B12 status (plasma < 200 pg/mL) of steers, regardless of treatment.

scholarly journals 392 Vitamin C and transit stress in beef cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 168-168
Author(s):  
Erin L Deters ◽  
Aubree M Beenken ◽  
Stephanie L Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Nutritional Intervention ◽  
Sodium Ascorbate ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Plasma Ascorbate ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Transit Performance ◽  
Nutritional Strategies

Abstract Transportation of cattle by road is unavoidable in beef production due to segmentation of the industry. Psychological and physical stress associated with transit can negatively impact cattle health and performance upon arrival at their destination. Thus, investigation of resiliency or recovery-based nutritional strategies to mitigate transit stress are warranted. Because oxidative stress is likely linked to transportation stress, one such strategy is antioxidants such as vitamin C (VC). Seventy-two Angus-cross steers (356 ± 18 kg) were used to determine the effects of a pre- versus post-transit VC injection on 56 d feedlot performance. Steers were randomly assigned to intramuscular injection treatments (24 steers/treatment): saline pre- and post-transit (CON), VC (Vet One; 250 mg sodium ascorbate/mL; 5 g sodium ascorbate/steer) pre-transit and saline post-transit (PRE), or saline pre-transit and VC post-transit (POST). Steers were transported for ~18 h (1,675 km) prior to sorting into pens equipped with GrowSafe bunks (6 steers/pen). Blood was collected from 12 steers/treatment on d 0, 1, 2, and 7 for analysis of plasma ascorbate concentrations. Plasma ascorbate concentrations were decreased by ~10% immediately post-transit for CON and POST-steers but increased for PRE-steers; regardless of treatment, concentrations were similar to pre-transit values by d 7 (treatment × day; P < 0.01). Steers that received VC at either timepoint (pre- or post-transit) exhibited greater dry matter intake from d 31–57 and d 1–57 compared to CON-steers (P ≤ 0.02). However, PRE-steers exhibited the greatest average daily gain from d 7–31 and d 1–57 (P ≤ 0.05), resulting in PRE-steers being heaviest on d 30/31 (P = 0.03) and tending to be heaviest on d 56/57 (P = 0.07). Based on these data, timing of nutritional intervention is vital for optimal effectiveness. Furthermore, nutritional strategies that improve antioxidant status prior to long-distance transit events may positively influence post-transit performance.

scholarly journals 34 Effects of rumen-protected Capsicum oleoresin on growth performance and immune response in growing beef cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 43-44
Author(s):  
Mariana Fontana Westphalen ◽  
Joonpyo Oh ◽  
Alexander N Hristov ◽  
Tara Felix
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Energy Status ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
Recorded Performance

Abstract Objectives were to determine effects of rumen-protected Capsicum (RPC) on growth performance and immune response in growing beef cattle. Cattle were stratified by sex (steers = 24; heifers = 12) and body weight (BW; heavy or light) and randomly assigned to treatments: Control (no additive), or RPC (15 mg/kg of dry matter intake (DMI)). Cattle were transitioned over 21 days to a final diet of 80% grain mix and 20% corn silage. Cattle were weighed on test (d0 and 1), at end of adaptation (d21), at midpoint (d48 and 49), and off test (d98 and 99). Blood samples were collected on days 0, 21, and 98 for analysis of parameters related to immune function and energy status. Health treatments were recorded. Performance and blood variables (as repeated measures) were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS. Pen was the experimental unit. Health data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure; animal was the experimental unit. There was no interaction (P > 0.10) of treatment and sampling day, nor main effect of treatment (P > 0.10), for any blood parameters measured. There were no treatment effects (P > 0.10) on DMI or feed efficiency. From d0 to 21, average daily gain (ADG) tended to be greater (P = 0.13) for animals fed RPC and was 22.9% greater (P = 0.10) for animals fed RPC from d22 to 49. While only 14% of the heavy animals were treated two or more times, 66% of light animals were treated two or more times (P < 0.01), of which 77% were fed Control. Supplementing RPC improved early feedlot ADG. Although there were no changes in blood parameters, ADG improvement may be related to health status.

scholarly journals Investigating the effects of a novel rumen-protected folic acid supplement on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics of beef steers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin L Deters ◽  
Emma K Niedermayer ◽  
Olivia N Genther-Schroeder ◽  
Christopher P Blank ◽  
Remy N Carmichael ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Plasma Vitamin ◽  
Feedlot Performance

Abstract Angus-crossbred steers (n = 180; 292 ± 18 kg) from a single ranch were used to investigate the effects of a novel rumen-protected folic acid (RPFA) supplement on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics. On d 0, steers were blocked by body weight to pens (5 steers/pen), and pens within a block were randomly assigned to dietary treatments (n = 6 pens/treatment): target intake of 0 (CON), 30 (RPFA-30), 60 (RPFA-60), 90 (RPFA-90), 120 (RPFA-120), or 150 (RPFA-150) mg RPFA·steer -1·d -1. Steers were weighed before feeding on d -1, 0, 55, 56, 86, 87, 181, and 182. Pen average daily gain (ADG), dry matter intake (DMI), and gain:feed (G:F) were calculated for growing (d 0 to 56), dietary transition (d 56 to 87), finishing (d 87 to 182), and overall (d 0 to 182). Liver and blood samples were collected from two steers/pen before trial initiation and at the end of growing and finishing. Steers were slaughtered on d 183, and carcass data were collected after a 48-h chill. Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design using ProcMixed of SAS 9.4 (fixed effects of treatment and block; experimental unit of pen). Liver abscess scores were analyzed using the Genmod Procedure of SAS 9.4. Contrast statements assessed the polynomial effects of RPFA. Supplemental RPFA linearly increased plasma folate at the end of growing and finishing (P < 0.01), and linearly decreased plasma glucose at the end of growing (P = 0.01). There was a cubic effect of RPFA on liver folate at the end of growing (P = 0.01), driven by lesser concentrations for RPFA-30, RPFA-60, and RPFA-150. Growing period ADG and G:F were greatest for CON and RPFA-120 (cubic P ≤ 0.03). Transition period DMI was linearly increased due to RPFA (P = 0.05). There was a tendency for a cubic effect of RPFA on the percentage of livers with no abscesses (P = 0.06), driven by a greater percentage of non-abscessed livers in RPFA-30 and RPFA-60. Despite supplementing 1 mg Co/kg DM, and regardless of treatment, plasma vitamin B12 concentrations were low (< 200 pg/mL), which may have influenced the response to RPFA as vitamin B12 is essential for recycling of folate.

scholarly journals 185 Effect of zinc source and implant strategy on performance, carcass characteristics, and tissue mineral concentrations in finishing beef steers

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 159-159
Author(s):  
Elizabeth M Messersmith ◽  
Angela Boyer ◽  
Dennis Nuzback ◽  
Stephanie L Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Mineral Concentrations ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract A 126-d study utilized 72 Angus-cross steers (411 ± 16 kg) in a 3 × 2 factorial to examine the effects of Zn source and implant strategy on performance, carcass characteristics, and tissue Zn concentrations. All steers received 70 mg Zn/kg dry matter (DM) from ZnSO4 + 30 mg Zn/kg DM from one of three sources: zinc hydroxychloride (ZnHC), zinc glycinate (ZnG), or zinc sulfate (ZnS). Implant (IMP) strategies included: no implant (NoIMP) or Component TE-IS and Component TE-200 (IS/200) on d 0 and 57, respectively. Steers were blocked by weight into pens of 6 and fed a dry rolled corn-based diet via GrowSafe bunks. Data were analyzed using ProcMixed of SAS, with fixed effects of Zn, IMP, and the interaction. Liver and muscle collected on d -5, 14, 71, and 120 were analyzed for Zn concentration and data were analyzed as repeated measures (repeated effect = day). Steer was the experimental unit (n = 12/treatment). Final body weight and overall average daily gain tended to be decreased for ZnHC compared to ZnS, with ZnG intermediate within IS/200 (Zn × IMP; P ≤ 0.07). No interaction was observed for overall G:F or DM intake (P ≥ 0.41), but both were greater for implanted steers (P ≤ 0.01), while overall G:F was improved for ZnS compared to ZnHC and ZnG (P = 0.02). Carcass characteristics were unaffected by Zn × IMP or Zn source (P ≥ 0.12), but IS/200 improved HCW, DP, and REA (P ≤ 0.01). Implant increased liver Zn (P = 0.02) concentrations. Within IS/200 ZnG tended to have greater muscle Zn than ZnS while ZnHC was intermediate (Zn × IMP; P = 0.09), potentially indicating differences in availability of Zn source to growing muscle. These data suggest Zn source and implant influence performance and tissue Zn concentrations.

303 Effects of Supplementing Plexomin Zn™ on Post-transit Growth Performance and Plasma Zn and Serum Lactate Concentrations of Beef Steers

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 163-163
Author(s):  
Katie J Heiderscheit ◽  
Stephanie L Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
North America ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Serum Lactate ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract To determine effects of supplemental Zn on post-transit growth and plasma Zn and serum lactate concentrations, 54 Angus-cross steers (297 kg ± 12) were stratified by body weight to nine GrowSafe-equipped pens. Treatments began 25 d prior to transit and included: control (CON; no supplemental Zn), industry (IND; 70 mg supplemental Zn/kg DM), and supranutritional Zn (SUPZN; 120 mg supplemental Zn/kg DM). Supplemental Zn was provided as bis-glycinate bound Zn (Plexomin Zn; Phytobiotics North America, Cary, NC). On d 0, steers were loaded into a commercial trailer and transported 18 h (1,822 km). Individual BW were recorded on d -26, -25, -1, 0 (pre-transit), 1 (post-transit), 6, 27, and 28. Blood was collected on d -1, 1, 6, and 28. Data were analyzed using Proc Mixed of SAS with fixed effect of diet and steer as the experimental unit (n = 18 steers per treatment). Blood measures were analyzed as repeated measures with the repeated effect of day. Percent of pre-transit dry matter intake (DMI) was calculated relative to DMI for the 5 days prior to transit. Plasma Zn concentrations were greater in IND and SUPZN than CON (P = 0.01) and were greater on d 1 than d -1, 6, and 27 (P < 0.01). By d 2, both IND and SUPZN returned to pre-transit DMI levels while CON did not (P = 0.01). Further, DMI from d 1 to 28 was greatest in IND, intermediate in SUPZN, and least in CON (P = 0.04). Average daily gain from d 6 to 28 linearly improved with increasing Zn supplementation (P = 0.02). Regardless of treatment, serum lactate concentrations were greater post-transit compared to pre-transit values (P = 0.02). Steers supplemented dietary Zn recovered DMI faster and had greater ADG after a transit event.

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