628 Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis in Burn Patients: Analyzing the Effectiveness of a Standardized Protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S169-S170
Author(s):  
Sarah A Folliard ◽  
Jared L Gabbert ◽  
Kelli Rumbaugh ◽  
Callie M Thompson ◽  
Cathy Oleis

Abstract Introduction Burn patients have a high risk of developing venous thromboembolism (VTE) due to extensive immobilization, surgical interventions, endothelial injury, and the presence of polytrauma. Studies have shown VTE rates ranging from 0.25% to 23.3% in this patient population. Although burn patients have a greater risk for VTE compared to other hospitalized patients, there are no standardized guidelines on how to approach VTE prophylaxis in the burn population. In March 2018, the Burn Intensive Care Unit (BICU) implemented a new VTE prophylaxis protocol that stratified patients based on risk factors for VTE. Patients were started on enoxaparin 30mg every 12 hours or 40mg every 12 hours depending on body mass index (BMI). The purpose of this study was to examine compliance with the new protocol and overall rates of VTE in the burn population. Methods A single-center, retrospective analysis was conducted from March 1, 2018 to July 31, 2018. Patients included were admitted to the BICU with a documented burn injury for at least 48 hours and were ≥ 18 years of age. The primary outcome was compliance with the VTE prophylaxis protocol. Secondary outcomes included reasons for non-compliance and incidence of VTE events. Results Out of 105 patients that met inclusion criteria (median age, 53 years [36 to 63]; BMI 27.1 kg/m2 [25.7 to 33.2]; total body surface area 6% [3% to 18%]), the protocol was correctly utilized in 81 patients (77%). The most common reason for non-compliance to the protocol was incorrect dosing (60.9% [14/105]). Of 105 patients, 1 (0.9%) developed a VTE. Conclusions Overall, the compliance to the Burn Intensive Care Unit VTE pharmacologic prophylaxis protocol has room for improvement. Despite following the protocol, one VTE event occurred during the five-month study period. To improve compliance, additional education and training regarding the dosing of and monitoring anti-coagulants was provided to nursing and medical staff.

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S230-S231
Author(s):  
Sarah A Folliard ◽  
Jared L Gabbert ◽  
Callie M Thompson

Abstract Introduction Burn patients have a high risk of developing venous thromboembolism (VTE) due to extensive immobilization, surgical interventions, endothelial injury, and the presence of polytrauma. Studies have shown VTE rates ranging from 0.25% to 23.3% in this patient population. Although burn patients have a greater risk for VTE compared to other hospitalized patients, there are no standardized guidelines on how to approach VTE prophylaxis in the burn population. In March 2018, the Burn Intensive Care Unit (BICU) implemented a new VTE prophylaxis protocol that stratified patients based on risk factors for VTE. Patients were started on enoxaparin 30mg every 12 hours or 40mg every 12 hours depending on body mass index (BMI). The purpose of this study was to examine compliance with the new protocol and overall rates of VTE in the burn population. In March 2018, the Burn Intensive Care Unit (BICU) implemented a new VTE prophylaxis protocol that stratified patients based on risk factors for VTE. Patients were started on enoxaparin 30mg every 12 hours or 40mg every 12 hours depending on body mass index (BMI). Patients with impaired renal function or a contraindication to enoxaparin were given LDUH 5,000 units every 8 hours. The purpose of this study was to examine compliance with the new protocol and overall rates of VTE. Methods A single-center, retrospective analysis was conducted from March 1, 2018 to July 31, 2018. Patients included were admitted to the BICU with a documented burn injury for at least 48 hours and were ≥ 18 years of age. The primary outcome was compliance with the VTE prophylaxis protocol. Secondary outcomes included reasons for non-compliance and incidence of VTE events. Results Out of 105 patients that met inclusion criteria (median age, 53 years [36 to 63]; BMI 27.1 kg/m2 [25.7 to 33.2]; total body surface area 6% [3% to 18%]), the protocol was correctly utilized in 81 patients (77%). The most common reason for non-compliance to the protocol was incorrect dosing (60.9% [14/105]). Of 105 patients, 1 (0.9%) developed a VTE. Conclusions Overall, the compliance to the Burn Intensive Care Unit VTE pharmacologic prophylaxis protocol has room for improvement. Despite following the protocol, one VTE event occurred during the five-month study period. To improve compliance, additional education and training regarding the dosing of and monitoring anti-coagulants was provided to nursing and medical staff. Applicability of Research to Practice Although protocols can improve consistency of health care, reduce costs and improve health outcomes, they must be properly utilized in order to see the benefits. Successful implementation of protocols requires a multistep approach that includes a strong quality improvement process, multidisciplinary buy-in, ongoing education efforts, and assessment to review adherence to and efficacy of the protocols themselves.


2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S93-S93
Author(s):  
Brian McKinzie ◽  
Rabia Nizamani ◽  
Samuel W Jones ◽  
Felicia N Williams

Abstract Introduction Burn injured patients are at high risk of thromboembolic complications. Morbid obesity further increases risk for thromboembolic complications. Recent evidence supports the use of anti-Xa guided enoxaparin dosing for the prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in high risk populations. Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy of enoxaparin 40mg twice daily in achieving prophylactic plasma anti-Xa levels in obese burn patients. Methods A retrospective chart review of an ABA-verified burn center from November 2018 until September 2019 identified patients who were either ≥100 kilograms (kg) or had a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2 and were initiated on enoxaparin 40 mg twice daily for VTE prophylaxis. Patients were included if they were at least 18 years of age and received at least three sequential doses of enoxaparin with appropriately timed peak plasma anti-Xa levels to monitor efficacy. Patient demographics were analyzed, as well as body weight, BMI, and total body surface area (TBSA) burn. Statistical analysis was performed with student’s t-test for continuous data and Fischer’s exact test for categorical data. Results During the study period, 148 patients were screened with 44 patients included for analysis. Forty-one percent of the patients evaluated did not reach target peak plasma anti-Xa levels (0.2–0.5 IU/mL) on enoxaparin 40 mg twice daily. Patients who did not meet prophylactic target levels were more likely to be male (p< 0.05) and have an increased body weight (129 +/- 24 kg versus 112 +/- 17 kg, p< 0.05). Eleven out of 18 patients received dosage adjustments with subsequent anti-Xa levels available for follow-up assessment, of which an additional four patients required further dosage adjustment to meet goal peak plasma levels. Conclusions Current utilization of a fixed 40 mg twice daily regimen of enoxaparin for VTE prophylaxis is inadequate to meet target prophylactic peak plasma anti-Xa levels in the obese burn patient population. Dose adjusting enoxaparin to target peak plasma anti-Xa levels to reduce VTE rates in obese burn patients should be further evaluated. Applicability of Research to Practice This study demonstrates the need for more accurate dosing and evaluation of our dosing practices for VTE prevention. It also demonstrates the importance of having a Burn dedicated pharmacist in facilitating appropriate care.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000643
Author(s):  
Joseph F Rappold ◽  
Forest R Sheppard ◽  
Samuel P Carmichael II ◽  
Joseph Cuschieri ◽  
Eric Ley ◽  
...  

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a potential sequela of injury, surgery, and critical illness. Patients in the Trauma Intensive Care Unit are at risk for this condition, prompting daily discussions during patient care rounds and routine use of mechanical and/or pharmacologic prophylaxis measures. While VTE rightfully garners much attention in clinical patient care and in the medical literature, optimal strategies for VTE prevention are still evolving. Furthermore, trauma and surgical patients often have real or perceived contraindications to prophylaxis that affect the timing of preventive measures and the consistency with which they can be applied. In this Clinical Consensus Document, the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma Critical Care Committee addresses several practical clinical questions pertaining to specific or unique aspects of VTE prophylaxis in critically ill and injured patients.


2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-108
Author(s):  
Tirto Hartono ◽  
Ezra Oktaliansah ◽  
Ardi Zulfariansyah

Pasien sakit kritis adalah pasien dengan kondisi mengancam nyawa yang membutuhkan penanganan khusus di ruang rawat intensif (intensive care unit; ICU). Hampir semua pasien kritis yang dirawat di ICU memiliki beberapa faktor risiko yang meningkatkan venous thromboembolism (VTE). Venous thromboembolism merupakan komplikasi yang tersembunyi pada pasien sakit kritis yang dapat meningkatkan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas. Venous thromboembolism dapat dicegah dengan tromboprofilaksis yang sesuai dan adekuat. Pedoman pencegahan VTE dikembangkan dalam beberapa dekade salah satunya oleh American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP). Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui kepatuhan berdasar ketepatan dan kecukupan pemberian tromboprofilaksis terhadap pedoman ACCP. Penelitian deskiripsi observasional retrospektif dilakukan pada Oktober–Desember 2018 terhadap 284 pasien yang dirawat di Unit Perawatan Intensif Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung periode Januari–Desember 2016. Secara keseluruhan proporsi pasien di ICU yang mendapatkan tromboprofilaksis, yaitu 36,1%. Angka kepatuhan pemberian profilaksis VTE di ICU berdasar pedoman ACCP adalah 21,5%. Pemberian profilaksis VTE yang tidak adekuat terdapat pada 12,4% pasien, sedangkan pemberian profilaksis yang tidak sesuai terdapat pada 2,2% pasien. Simpulan, kepatuhan pemberian tromboprofilaksis terhadap pedoman yang diterbitkan ACCP masih rendah. Adequacy and Accuracy of Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis based on American College of Chest Physicians Guideline at Intensive Care Unit of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital BandungCritically ill patients are patients with life-threatening conditions that require special treatment in the intensive care unit. Almost all critical patients admitted to the ICU have several risk factors that increase the occurrence of Venous thromboembolism (VTE). Venous thromboembolism is a hidden complication in critically ill patients that can increase morbidity and mortality. Venous thromboembolism can be prevented with appropriate and adequate thromboprophylaxis. Several thromboprophylaxis guidelines have been developed during the last decades, including the American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) guideline. The purpose of this study was to determine the compliance to ACCP guideline by measuring the the accuracy and adequacy of thromboprophylaxis. This retrospective observational descriptive study was conducted from October–December 2018 on 284 patients treated in the Intensive Care Unit of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung. The overall proportion of patients in ICU who received thromboprophylaxis was 36.1%. The compliance rate of VTE prophylaxis in ICU based on ACCP guideline was 21.5%. Inadequate VTE prophylaxis was seen in 12.4% of patients while inappropriate prophylaxis was identified in 2.2% of patients. Hence, the compliance to standards on thromboprophylaxis based on the ACCP guideline is still low in this hospital. 


2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Tan Chor Lip ◽  
Mohamad Azim Md. Idris ◽  
Farrah-Hani Imran ◽  
Tuan Nur’ Azmah ◽  
Tan Jih Huei ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Majority burn mortality prognostic scores were developed and validated in western populations. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate and identify possible risk factors which may be used to predict burns mortality in a local Malaysian burns intensive care unit. The secondary objective was to validate the five well known burn prognostic scores (Baux score, Abbreviated Burn Severity Index (ABSI) score, Ryan score, Belgium Outcome Burn Injury (BOBI) score and revised Baux score) to predict burn mortality prediction. Methods Patients that were treated at the Hospital Sultan Ismail’s Burns Intensive Care (BICU) unit for acute burn injuries between 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2017 were included. Risk factors to predict in-patient burn mortality were gender, age, mechanism of injury, total body surface area burn (TBSA), inhalational injury, mechanical ventilation, presence of tracheotomy, time from of burn injury to BICU admission and initial centre of first emergency treatment was administered. These variables were analysed using univariate and multivariate analysis for the outcomes of death. All patients were scored retrospectively using the five-burn mortality prognostic scores. Predictive ability for burn mortality was analysed using the area under receiver operating curve (AUROC). Results A total of 525 patients (372 males and 153 females) with mean age of 34.5 ± 14.6 years were included. There were 463 survivors and 62 deaths (11.8% mortality rate). The outcome of the primary objective showed that amongst the burn mortality risk factors that remained after multivariate analysis were older age (p = 0.004), wider TBSA burn (p < 0.001) and presence of mechanical ventilation (p < 0.001). Outcome of secondary objective showed good AUROC value for the prediction of burn death for all five burn prediction scores (Baux score; AUROC:0.9, ABSI score; AUROC:0.92, Ryan score; AUROC:0.87, BOBI score; AUROC:0.91 and revised Baux score; AUROC:0.94). The revised Baux score had the best AUROC value of 0.94 to predict burns mortality. Conclusion Current study evaluated and identified older age, total body surface area burns, and mechanical ventilation as significant predictors of burn mortality. In addition, the revised Baux score was the most accurate burn mortality risk score to predict mortality in a Malaysian burn’s population.


2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Bradley J. Peters ◽  
Ross A. Dierkhising ◽  
Kristin C. Mara

Background. Obesity is a significant issue in the critically ill population. There is little evidence directing the dosing of venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis within this population. We aimed to determine whether obesity predisposes medical intensive care unit patients to venous thromboembolism despite standard chemoprophylaxis with 5000 international units of subcutaneous heparin three times daily. Results. We found a 60% increased risk of venous thromboembolism in the body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2 group compared to the BMI < 30 kg/m2 group; however, this difference did not reach statistical significance. After further utilizing our risk model, neither obesity nor mechanical ventilation reached statistical significance; however, vasopressor administration was associated with a threefold risk. Conclusions. We can conclude that obesity did increase the rate of VTE, but not to a statistically significant level in this single center medical intensive care unit population.


2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-226
Author(s):  
Helga Hahn

Recovery from an Eighty-Percent Total Body Surface Area Burn Injury Sustained at WorkThis article presents a case of severe burn injury at work involving 80 % of body surface area and patient treatment and rehabilitation, which resulted in preserved working ability. The worker was injured by hot water and steam. After initial treatment in the intensive care unit, he underwent comprehensive clinical and outpatient rehabilitation that took 92 weeks, after which he returned to work. His working disability was 100 % after the initial treatment in the intensive care unit, but rehabilitation improved it to 50 %. It should always be kept in mind that even patients with serious or life-threatening injuries can be reintegrated into the workforce if patients, physicians, occupational physicians, and employers all work together.


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