scholarly journals Plasticity Is Key to Success of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) Invasion

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine M Little ◽  
Thomas W Chapman ◽  
N Kirk Hillier
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Agricultural Pest ◽  
Physiological Plasticity ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Climate Zones ◽  
Novel Food ◽  
Species Invasiveness ◽  
Pest Insects ◽  
Initial Discovery

Abstract After its initial discovery in California in 2008, Drosophila suzukii Matsumura has become one of the most important invasive agricultural pest insects across climate zones in much of Asia, Europe, North America, and South America. Populations of D. suzukii have demonstrated notable behavioral and physiological plasticity, adapting to diverse environmental and climatic conditions, interspecific competition, novel food sources, and potential predators. This adaptability and plasticity have enabled rapid range expansion and diversified niche use by D. suzukii, making it a species particularly suited to changing habitats and conditions. This article reviews factors and evidence that influence plasticity in D. suzukii and promotes this species’ invasiveness.

scholarly journals Population dynamics of spotted wing drosophila (Drosophila suzukii) in orchards in the Zagreb area

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 91-102
Author(s):  
Ivana Pajač Živković ◽  
Irena Brlić Puškarić ◽  
Darija Lemić
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Overlapping Generations ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Spotted Wing Drosophila ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Research Population ◽  
Zagreb Area ◽  
The City

The invasive species Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura, 1931), the spotted wing drosophila, was first recorded in Croatia in 2010. Since then, it has spread on Croatian territory but its presence has not yet been confirmed in the City of Zagreb. In this research population dynamics of D. suzukii was investigated in three orchards in Zagreb (Maksimir, Jelenovac, Zelenjak) in the period from 20th of March to 27th of November 2017. Feeding traps with apple vinegar were used for catching D. suzukii. The flight began in the period from 27th of June to 11th of July and lasted until 27th of November. The total pest catches were 874 specimens (Jelenovac 187, Maksimir 232 and Zelenjak 455). From September to November there was a continuous flight and a large increase in the number of caught flies, suggesting the presence of more overlapping generations. Besides the host plants, the development of the pest in this area is also enabled by suitable climatic conditions. The present population in the City of Zagreb County poses a danger to fruit producers in the Zagreb County. The results of this research are a contribution to better understanding of the population and the spread of the pest in Croatia.

Bats provide a critical ecosystem service by consuming a large diversity of agricultural pest insects

2022 ◽  
Vol 324 ◽  
pp. 107722
Author(s):  
Brooke Maslo ◽  
Rebecca L. Mau ◽  
Kathleen Kerwin ◽  
Ryelan McDonough ◽  
Erin McHale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Agricultural Pest ◽  
Pest Insects

Energy, exergy and economic assessments of the dual-mode evaporative cooler for various international climate zones

2021 ◽  
pp. 014362442110449
Author(s):  
Sarvesh Kashyap ◽  
Jahar Sarkar ◽  
Amitesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Operating Cost ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Dual Mode ◽  
Climate Zones ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
International Climate ◽  
Evaporative Cooler

The conventional desert cooler is effective for dry seasons and the regenerative evaporative cooler (REC) is an effective device for humid seasons in composite climate zones. Hence, the dual-mode evaporative cooler (a two-in-one device) is an intelligent choice for air conditioning, which can operate in both direct and regenerative modes depending on the seasonal climatic condition. The exergy and economic analyses of this novel device for global climatic conditions are performed to check the suitability in different regions of the world. An experimental prototype of a dual-mode evaporative cooler is developed and tested to validate the simulation model. The effectiveness, coefficient of performance, exergy destruction, exergy efficiency, operating cost, and specific total cost (STC) are evaluated for both (direct and regenerative) modes of operation. The annual and month-wise performances of dual-mode evaporative cooler have been assessed for five cities of international climate zones. The operating cost of both modes is compared by considering electricity charges in different countries. The dual-mode device is compared with the single-mode device as well. The specific cost is similar for both modes in most of the ASHRAE climatic zones. The present study reveals that significant energy and cost savings are possible by using the dual-mode evaporative cooler. Practical application: This article considers the application of a dual-mode evaporative cooler (direct as well as regenerative mode) in different climate zones and, through investigating the exergy and economic performances, allows designers and operators to understand the potential benefits of employing various operating modes in particular climates.

scholarly journals Effects of essential oil from leaves of Eugenia sulcata on the development of agricultural pest insects

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo S. Gonzalez ◽  
Barbara G. Lima ◽  
Alyne F.R. Oliveira ◽  
Douglas D. Nunes ◽  
Caio P. Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Agricultural Pest ◽  
Pest Insects

Long-term persistence of agricultural pest insects by risk-spreading dispersal

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 1031-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maica Krizna Areja Gavina ◽  
Kotaro Aoki ◽  
Genki Ichinose ◽  
Jomar Fajardo Rabajante ◽  
Hiromu Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Pest ◽  
Pest Insects ◽  
Risk Spreading

scholarly journals Effect of demonstrator reliability and recency of last demonstration on acquisition of a socially transmitted food preference

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 172391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura A. Agee ◽  
Marie-H. Monfils
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Food Preference ◽  
Safety Information ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Novel Food ◽  
Food Research ◽  
Naive Observer ◽  
The Social ◽  
Direct Competition ◽  
State Of The Environment

In the social transmission of food preference paradigm, naive observer rats acquire safety information about novel food sources in the environment through social interaction with a demonstrator rat that has recently eaten said food. Research into the behavioural mechanisms governing this form of learning has found that observers show increased reliance on socially acquired information when the state of the environment makes personal examination of their surroundings risky. We aimed to (1) determine whether reliance on social information would decrease if previous reliance on social learning was unsuccessful, and (2) whether reliance on the specific demonstrator that had transmitted poor information would similarly decrease. By inducing illness in observers following consumption of a socially demonstrated food, we created an environmental situation in which reliance on socially acquired information was maladaptive. We found that under these conditions, observers showed no change in their reliance on a specific demonstrator or socially learned information in general. Our experiment also unexpectedly produced results showing that recent demonstrators were more influential in later transmissions than demonstrators that had been learned from less recently. Notably, this effect only emerged when the observer simultaneously interacted with both demonstrators, indicating that demonstrators must be in direct competition for this effect to manifest.

scholarly journals Microbiota-mediated competition between pest insects and its application to the evolution-proof protection of crops

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Rombaut ◽  
Romain Gallet ◽  
Kenza Qitout ◽  
Mukherjy Samy ◽  
Robin Guilhot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Adaptive Significance ◽  
Condition Dependence ◽  
Larval Competition ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Pest Insects ◽  
Competition Avoidance ◽  
Over Time

AbstractSpecies that share the same resources often avoid costly competition with contextdependent behaviors. This is the case of the invasive insect pest Drosophila suzukii which larvae’s ecological niche overlaps with that of Drosophila melanogaster in ripe, but not rotten, fruit. Previous research showed D. suzukii prevents costly larval competition by not ovipositing in substrates with D. melanogaster eggs. We discovered D. suzukii females respond to cues produced by D. melanogaster adults associated to gut microbiota bacteria. This behavior of D. suzukii varied over time and among populations, revealing subtle condition-dependence. In particular, D. suzukii females that bore D. melanogaster gut bacteria stopped avoiding sites with D. melanogaster cues. The adaptive significance of the behavior was investigated by reproducing experimentally in-fruit larval competition. D. suzukii larvae only suffered from competition with D. melanogaster if the competitor was associated to its microbiota, suggesting D. suzukii has evolved a solution to avoid its offspring develops in challenging environments. We argue that D. suzukii’s competition avoidance behavior has features enabling the design of an evolution-proof repellent to protect crops.

scholarly journals A Risk Screening of Potential Invasiveness of Alien and Neonative Marine Fishes in the Mediterranean Sea: Implications for Sustainable Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13765
Author(s):  
Sercan Yapici
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Species Invasiveness ◽  
Medium Risk ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Invasiveness Potential

Biological invasions have posed a major threat to global and regional biodiversity. The Mediterranean Sea, one of the major biodiversity hotspots in the world, has long suffered multiple and frequent invasion events. This paper represents the screening results of the potential invasiveness of 23 introduced marine fish species, which are classified as neonative and alien. To predict the invasiveness potential of species under current and predicted climate conditions, the Aquatic Species Invasiveness Screening Kit (AS-ISK) is applied. Thresholds have been constituted to classify low, medium and high-risk species by receiver operative characteristic curve analysis (ROC). The calibrated basic and climate-change threshold assessment scores used to classify species from low, to medium to high risk were computed between 27.5 and 33.0 respectively. Based on these thresholds, under current climatic conditions, 15 species were high risk, while the remaining species were medium risk, and the Chaetodipterus faber and the Holocentrus adscensionis switched from the medium-risk to the high-risk group under future climatic conditions. The highest score belonged to Fistularia petimba, followed by Siganus fuscescens, Abudefduf spp., Acanthurus monroviae and Lutjanus argentimaculatus. This study focused on the species that have not been assessed for their invasiveness potential, and the results can provide important insights into their sustainable management in the future.

scholarly journals Food discovery is associated with different reliance on social learning and lower cognitive flexibility across environments in a food-caching bird

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 (1951) ◽  
pp. 20202843
Author(s):  
Virginia K. Heinen ◽  
Angela M. Pitera ◽  
Benjamin R. Sonnenberg ◽  
Lauren M. Benedict ◽  
Eli S. Bridge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Cognitive Flexibility ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Information Acquisition ◽  
Social Information ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Independent Learning ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Novel Food ◽  
Food Caching

Social learning is a primary mechanism for information acquisition in social species. Despite many benefits, social learning may be disadvantageous when independent learning is more efficient. For example, searching independently may be more advantageous when food sources are ephemeral and unpredictable. Individual differences in cognitive abilities can also be expected to influence social information use. Specifically, better spatial memory can make a given environment more predictable for an individual by allowing it to better track food sources. We investigated how resident food-caching chickadees discovered multiple novel food sources in both harsher, less predictable high elevation and milder, more predictable low elevation winter environments. Chickadees at high elevation were faster at discovering multiple novel food sources and discovered more food sources than birds at low elevation. While birds at both elevations used social information, the contribution of social learning to food discovery was significantly lower at high elevation. At both elevations, chickadees with better spatial cognitive flexibility were slower at discovering food sources, likely because birds with lower spatial cognitive flexibility are worse at tracking natural resources and therefore spend more time exploring. Overall, our study supported the prediction that harsh environments should favour less reliance on social learning.

scholarly journals Late Glacial and Early Holocene human demographic responses to climatic and environmental change in Atlantic Iberia

2020 ◽  
Vol 376 (1816) ◽  
pp. 20190724 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Rowan McLaughlin ◽  
Magdalena Gómez-Puche ◽  
João Cascalheira ◽  
Nuno Bicho ◽  
Javier Fernández-López de Pablo
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Temporal Models ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Successive Generations

Successive generations of hunter–gatherers of the Late Glacial and Early Holocene in Iberia had to contend with rapidly changing environments and climatic conditions. This constrained their economic resources and capacity for demographic growth. The Atlantic façade of Iberia was occupied throughout these times and witnessed very significant environmental transformations. Archaeology offers a perspective on how past human population ecologies changed in response to this scenario. Archaeological radiocarbon data are used here to reconstruct demographics of the region over the long term. We introduce various quantitative methods that allow us to develop palaeodemographic and spatio-temporal models of population growth and density, and compare our results to independent records of palaeoenvironmental and palaeodietary change, and growth rates derived from skeletal data. Our results demonstrate that late glacial population growth was stifled by the Younger Dryas stadial, but populations grew in size and density during the Early to Middle Holocene transition. This growth was fuelled in part by an increased dependence on marine and estuarine food sources, demonstrating how the environment was linked to demographic change via the resource base, and ultimately the carrying capacity of the environment. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Cross-disciplinary approaches to prehistoric demography’.

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