Dietary Supplementation With Vitamins and Minerals Improves Larvae and Adult Rearing Conditions of Anopheles darlingi (Diptera: Culicidae)

Journal of Medical Entomology ◽

10.1093/jme/tjaa173 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Débora Aline Souza Nascimento ◽

Frances Tatiane Tavares Trindade ◽

Alexandre de Almeida e Silva

Keyword(s):

Larval Development ◽

Development Time ◽

Larval Survival ◽

Small Scale ◽

Scale Production ◽

Adult Size ◽

Larval Diet ◽

Anopheles Darlingi ◽

Biological Variables ◽

Rearing Conditions

Abstract Several experiments with Anopheles darlingi Root, an important malaria vector in the Amazon region, were carried out in the laboratory, depending on the large-scale production of viable larvae and adults. Certainly, improvements in rearing conditions, including dietary requirements, can strongly affect mosquito production. In order to increase the production of this species in the laboratory, we first supplemented the regular larval diet (TetraMin Tropical Flakes) with different concentrations of vitamins and minerals and recorded several biological variables: survival and larval development time, emergence ratio, and adult longevity under a small-scale rearing condition. Second, we established an experimental design under regular lab-rearing conditions based on the concentration of vitamins and minerals that best contributed to the development of these anophelines, and evaluated the biological parameters already mentioned. Moreover, under regular rearing conditions, we recorded sex ratio, adult size, and longevity of adults fed with supplemented sucrose. The lowest concentration of vitamins (V5) and the average concentration of minerals (M3) increased larval survival and decreased larval development time compared with the control. Under regular rearing conditions, minerals provided higher larval survival and increased the longevity of adults fed with supplemented sucrose. Supplementing the regular larval diet and sucrose solutions with vitamins and minerals increased the production of immatures and the longevity of An. darlingi adults.

Download Full-text

Performance of the house cricket (Acheta domesticus) on by-product diets in small-scale production

Journal of Insects as Food and Feed ◽

10.3920/jiff2021.0079 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

J.M. Sorjonen ◽

M. Karhapää ◽

S. Holm ◽

A. Valtonen ◽

H. Roininen

Keyword(s):

Conversion Rate ◽

Development Time ◽

Acheta Domesticus ◽

Small Scale ◽

Scale Production ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

House Cricket ◽

Current Production ◽

Feed Conversion Rate ◽

By Products

As insect farming is becoming more popular in Europe and in the US, the use of food industry by-products in insects’ feed is drawing more attention. However, it is still unclear how to maximise the use of by-products in the feeds while meeting the nutritional requirements and maintaining profitable rearing yields with the current production technology. In this study, we conducted an experiment in Finnish small-scale cricket farming and laboratory conditions to determine whether five diet treatments, including by-product diets with barley mash and turnip rape, modify the overall fresh yield (kg), development time and feed conversion rate of the house crickets (Acheta domesticus). We discovered that the diets differed in the overall fresh cricket yield (kg) but not in the development time or the feed conversion rate of the crickets. The diets with a high proportion of by-product decreased the price of the feed but at the same time reduced the yield. Based on our results, complex by-product diets with the by-product proportion of 20-41% are the most suitable for house cricket rearing.

Download Full-text

Effect of energetic cost to maintain the trap for Myrmeleon brasiliensis (Neuroptera, Myrmeleontidae) in its development and adult size

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/1519-6984.08715 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 77 (1) ◽

pp. 38-42 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

T. N. Lima ◽

D. C. R. Silva

Keyword(s):

Larval Development ◽

Development Time ◽

Adult Emergence ◽

Developmental Time ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Energetic Cost ◽

Adult Size ◽

Pupal Development ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Plastic Containers

Abstract Antlion larvae Myrmeleon brasiliensis Návas, 1914 (Neuroptera, Myrmeleontidae) are sit-and-wait predators who build traps to catch their prey. The aim of this study was to observe under laboratory conditions, how the energy cost spent on maintenance of their traps affects: the larval developmental time, time spent as a pupa, mortality rate of larvae and adult size. M. brasiliensis larvae were collected in the municipality of Aquidauana, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil and were individually maintained in plastic containers and subjected to two treatments. In the control treatment larvae did not have their traps disturbed while in the manipulated treatment, larvae had their traps disturbed three times a week. The experiments were followed until adult emergence. When the adults emerged, their body size (head-abdomen), anterior and posterior wing span and width were measured. Furthermore, the number of larvae that died during the experiment was recorded. The results showed that the larvae whose traps were manipulated had longer larval development time, smaller pupal development time and were smaller adults. It can be concluded that the energy expenditure spent on maintenance of the trap constructed by M. brasiliensis larvae can affect the development of negative ways, represented by a longer larval development and reduced adult size.

Download Full-text

Clonal variability in the response of Sitobion avenae (Homoptera: Aphididae) to resistant and susceptible wheat

Bulletin of Entomological Research ◽

10.1017/s000748530003426x ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 85 (2) ◽

pp. 189-195 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Claudia M. Caillaud ◽

C.A. Dedryver ◽

J.P. Di Pietro ◽

J.C. Simon ◽

F. Fima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Plant Breeding ◽

Larval Development ◽

Development Time ◽

Intrinsic Rate ◽

Larval Survival ◽

Natural Increase ◽

Sitobion Avenae ◽

Performance Parameters ◽

Clonal Variability

AbstractThe development and reproduction of 60 clones of Sitobion avenae (Fabricius), collected in the Rennes Basin, were compared on a resistant Triticum monococcum (Linnaeus) line (Tm44) and a susceptible Triticum aestivum (Linnaeus) cultivar (Arminda). All clones had lower larval survival and mean fecundity when reared on Tm44 in comparison with Arminda. They all performed equally well on Arminda whereas there was a marked and continuously distributed variation in performance parameters among clones maintained on Tm44. The plant species, from which clones originated, significantly affected aphid performances on resistant Tm44. A more detailed experiment was carried out with four clones, shown to differ in their level of fitness on Tm44. Their performances were compared on resistant (Tm44 and Tm46) and susceptible (Tm47 and Arminda) wheat genotypes. On the basis of larval development time and intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm), two types of response were distinguished among the four clones: clones Sa1 and Sa39 appeared to be less affected by Tm44 and Tm46 resistance than Sar2 and Sa48. Moreover, Tm46 was much less resistant to clone Sal than was Tm44. These results are discussed in relation to the origins of the variation in performance of S. avenae on resistant wheat, and their implications in plant breeding for resistance to S. avenae.

Download Full-text

Genetic contribution to variation in larval development time, adult size, and longevity of starved adults of Anopheles gambiae

Infection Genetics and Evolution ◽

10.1016/j.meegid.2006.01.007 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

pp. 410-416 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

Tovi Lehmann ◽

Ryan Dalton ◽

Eun Hea Kim ◽

Erica Dahl ◽

Abdoulaye Diabate ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anopheles Gambiae ◽

Larval Development ◽

Development Time ◽

Adult Size ◽

Genetic Contribution

Download Full-text

Effect of rearing conditions on the correlation between larval development time and pupal weight of the rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis

Ecology and Evolution ◽

10.1002/ece3.4697 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (24) ◽

pp. 12694-12701 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Xiao-Long Huang ◽

Lan Xiao ◽

Hai-Min He ◽

Fang-Sen Xue

Keyword(s):

Larval Development ◽

Development Time ◽

Stem Borer ◽

Pupal Weight ◽

Chilo Suppressalis ◽

Rice Stem Borer ◽

Rearing Conditions

Download Full-text

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION OF CA DONG PEOPLE IN RESETTLEMENT AREA OF TRANH RIVER HYDROPOWER NUMBER 2: CURRENT SITUATION AND IMPACT FACTORS

Tạp chí Nghiên cứu dân tộc ◽

10.25073/0866-773x/428 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Bùi Thị Bích Lan

Keyword(s):

Social Relations ◽

Agricultural Production ◽

Large Scale ◽

Transition Process ◽

Impact Factors ◽

Small Scale ◽

Scale Production ◽

Technical Application ◽

Production Models ◽

Role Of The State

In Vietnam, the construction of hydropower projects has contributed significantly in the cause of industrialization and modernization of the country. The place where hydropower projects are built is mostly inhabited by ethnic minorities - communities that rely primarily on land, a very important source of livelihood security. In the context of the lack of common productive land in resettlement areas, the orientation for agricultural production is to promote indigenous knowledge combined with increasing scientific and technical application; shifting from small-scale production practices to large-scale commodity production. However, the research results of this article show that many obstacles in the transition process are being posed such as limitations on natural resources, traditional production thinking or the suitability and effectiveness of scientific - technical application models. When agricultural production does not ensure food security, a number of implications for people’s lives are increasingly evident, such as poverty, preserving cultural identity, social relations and resource protection. Since then, it has set the role of the State in researching and building appropriate agricultural production models to exploit local strengths and ensure sustainability.

Download Full-text

Study of Diabetic Mellitus and Knowledge of Lotion Foot Care on the Community

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance ◽

10.25258/ijpqa.v9i3.13659 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Hariyadi DM ◽

Athiyah U ◽

Hendradi E ◽

Rosita N ◽

Erawati T ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

T Test ◽

Small Scale ◽

Scale Production ◽

Foot Care ◽

Diabetic Mellitus ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Blood Glucose Levels ◽

Before And After ◽

History Of

The prevention of Diabetic Mellitus (DM) and its complications is the main aim of this study, in addition to the training of lotion foot care application and the development of small scale industry. The research team delivered knowledge in the form of training on Diabetic Mellitus, healthy food, treatment and prevention of complications, and small-scale production of cosmetic products. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between training on diabetic and lotion foot care application as preventive measures against diabetic complications on the patient's blood glucose levels in the community of residents in Banyuurip Jaya, Surabaya. It was expected from this training that the knowledge of the residents increases and people living with diabetic undergo lifestyle changes and therefore blood sugar levels can be controlled. The parameters measured in this research were blood glucose levels, the anti diabetic drug types consumed, and compliance on diabetics. This study used the data taken from 60 patients with DM over a period of one month. Questionnaires and log books was used to retrieve data and changes in blood glucose levels in diabetic patients. The results showed the demographic data of patients with type 2 diabetic of 85% female and 15% male, with the range of patients aged of 61-70 years of 46.67% and had history of diabetic (90%). The history of drugs consumed by respondents was anti diabetic drugs such as metformin (40%), glimepiride (33.37%) and insulin (6.67%). In addition, the increased knowledge of DM patients after being given the training compared to before training was shown in several questions in the questionnaire. A statistical analysis using t-test analyzed a correlation between training provided in order to enhance understanding of the patient, as well as correlation with blood glucose levels. A paired T-test showed that there was a relationship between the knowledge of trainees before and after training (p less than 0.05). An interesting result was that there was no relationship between blood glucose levels before and after training provided (p> 0.05).

Download Full-text