Evaluation of Pyriproxyfen Effects on Aedes aegypti and Predatory Mosquito Toxorhynchites rutilus (Diptera: Culicidae)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah A Alomar ◽  
Barry W Alto
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Mosquito Vectors ◽  
Additional Advantage ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Toxorhynchites Rutilus

Abstract Control of mosquito vectors of pathogens remains heavily dependent on the application of conventional insecticides. Pyriproxyfen (PPF) is a novel insecticide that has been proposed for use in autodissemination techniques to control mosquito vectors. The use of PPF can inhibit adult emergence but does not inhibit larval development. This feature is favorable for controlling Aedes aegypti because PPF has the potential to work in combination with natural sources of mortality (competition, predation) during the immature stages, and other control methods, including biocontrol agents that further suppress recruitment of adult mosquitoes. However, the PPF effects on life-history traits of Ae. aegypti in comparison to predatory mosquito Toxorhynchites rutilus, a source of mortality, are not fully understood. Here, we show that larval exposure to PPF concentrations that inhibit 50–90% of adult emergence in Ae. aegypti had a negligible effect on adult emergence and lifespan of Tx. rutilus. Weights of adult Ae. aegypti and Tx. rutilus were not influenced by PPF. These findings suggest that the use of PPF to control mosquito vectors may have low effects on mosquito biocontrol agents. Our results extend and confirm earlier data showing that PPF has potential to implement with Tx. rutilus to suppress Ae. aegypti and provide an additional advantage of PPF use in autodissemination control strategies.

Urban Landscape Features Influence the Movement and Distribution of the Australian Container-Inhabiting Mosquito Vectors Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) and Aedes notoscriptus (Diptera: Culicidae)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendan J Trewin ◽  
Daniel E Pagendam ◽  
Myron P Zalucki ◽  
Jonathan M Darbro ◽  
Gregor J Devine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Oviposition Behavior ◽  
Gaussian Kernel ◽  
Mosquito Vectors ◽  
Landscape Features ◽  
Rainwater Tanks

Abstract Urban landscape features play an important role in the distribution and population spread of mosquito vectors. Furthermore, current insecticide and novel rear-and-release strategies for urban mosquito management rarely consider the spatial structure of the landscape when applying control practices. Here, we undertake a mark-recapture experiment to examine how urban features influence the movement and distribution of Australian container-inhabiting Aedes vectors. We pay attention to the role of semipermanent water storage containers, called rainwater tanks, and the influence of movement barriers, such as roads, on the spread and distribution of vector populations. Results suggest that Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) (Diptera: Culicidae) were more likely to be captured around rainwater tanks, and that released males travel throughout residential blocks but do not cross roads. Conversely, female Aedes notoscriptus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) movement was uninhibited by roads and rainwater tanks did not influence female distribution or oviposition behavior. Using an isotropic Gaussian kernel framework, we show that vector movement is likely to be greater when applying a temporal effect, than when estimated by traditional methods. We conclude that a greater understanding on the role of urban features on vector movement will be important in the new age of rear-and-release mosquito control strategies, particularly those where estimations of movement are important for ensuring efficacy of application.

scholarly journals Biological Control of Mosquito Vectors

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Hareem Sajjad ◽  
Neelam Arif
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Mosquito Vectors ◽  
Larvivorous Fish ◽  
The Impact

The main purpose of this review paper is to study different biological control methods for controlling mosquito vectors. Mosquitoes act as vector for many harmful diseases including malaria, dengue fever, yellow fever, filarial, encephalitis, chikungunya, dengue and poly arthritis. The use of chemical insecticides for controlling mosquitoes is limited because they develop resistance against these insecticides. So, efforts have been made to control the mosquito vectors by eco-friendly techniques. At present, biocontrol agents are used to control the mosquito species with the aim to reduce the impact and cost of insecticide based strategies. These biocontrol agents involve the use of natural enemies including bacteria, fungi, larvivorous fish, protozoans and nematodes. These agents target mosquitoes at different stages of their life cycle. In this paper, we focus on several bio-controlling methods used to reduce the population of mosquito vectors.

A Review of Classical and Modern Control Techniques Utilized in Modern Microgrids

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hamza Shahbaz ◽  
Arslan Ahmed Amin
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
Micro Grid ◽  
Exciting Development ◽  
Micro Grids ◽  
Modern Control

: Because of the consistently expanding energy request, the introduction of a decentralized micro-grid based on energy resources will soon be the most exciting development in the power system. Micro-grids, which are mainly based on inverters, are becoming more popular as they can handle different forms of renewable energy effectively. However, one of the most challenging areas of research is their control. In the last few years, many control strategies have been developed. In this review, different control methods have been discussed that apply to the micro-grid system. Furthermore, the comparative analysis of classical and modern control strategies is also considered. This survey guides the new researchers about all available control strategies and room for improvement towards the optimal solution of the micro-grid control techniques. It also identifies several research gaps and future trends therein as well as provides a solution to manage problems in MGs. The strategies are then compared based on their applicability to different control requirements.

The Role of Predation in Determining Traits of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) and Infection With Zika Virus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawna Bellamy ◽  
Barry W Alto
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Infected Blood ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Susceptibility To Infection ◽  
Density Reduction

Abstract Non-lethal predator-prey interactions during the immature stages can cause significant changes to mosquito life history traits and their ability to transmit pathogens as adults. Treatment manipulations using mosquitoes Aedes aegypti (L.) and Toxoryhnchites rutilus (Coquillett) were performed during the immature stages to explore the potential impacts of non-lethal interactions on adult susceptibility to infection, disseminated infection and saliva infection of Ae. aegypti following ingestion of Zika virus-infected blood. Treatments inducing density reduction resulted in reduced development time and survivorship to adulthood. However, effects of treatment did not alter infection, dissemination, or saliva infection. These observations indicate that, while non-lethal predation may impact some traits that influence population dynamics and transmission of pathogens, there were no direct effects on mosquito-arbovirus interactions.

scholarly journals Ligusticum sinense Nanoemulsion Gel as Potential Repellent against Aedes aegypti, Anopheles minimus, and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae)

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 596
Author(s):  
Anuluck Junkum ◽  
Wanchai Maleewong ◽  
Atiporn Saeung ◽  
Danita Champakaew ◽  
Arpaporn Chansang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Skin Irritation ◽  
Mosquito Vectors ◽  
Plant Family ◽  
Anopheles Minimus ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Nanoemulsion Gel ◽  
Fresh Preparation

Ligusticum sinense Oliv. cv. is a species of Umbelliferae (Apiaceae), a large plant family in the order Apiales. In this study, L. sinense hexane extract nanoemulsion gel (LHE-NEG) was investigated for mosquito repellency and compared to the standard chemical, N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET), with the goal of developing a natural alternative to synthetic repellents in protecting against mosquito vectors. The results demonstrated that LHE-NEG afforded remarkable repellency against Aedes aegypti, Anopheles minimus, and Culex quinquefasciatus, with median protection times (MPTs) of 5.5 (4.5–6.0), 11.5 (8.5–12.5), and 11.25 (8.5–12.5) h, respectively, which was comparable to those of DEET-nanoemulsion gel (DEET-NEG: 8.5 (7.0–9.0), 12.0 (10.0–12.5), and 12.5 (10.0–13.5) h, respectively). Evaluation of skin irritation in 30 human volunteers revealed no potential irritant from LHE-NEG. The physical and biological stability of LHE-NEG were determined after being kept under heating/cooling cycle conditions. The stored samples of LHE-NEG exhibited some changes in appearance and differing degrees of repellency between those kept for 3 and 6 heating/cooling cycles, thus providing slightly shorter MPTs of 4.25 (4.0–4.5) and 3.25 (2.5–3.5) h, respectively, when compared to those of 5.0 (4.5–6.0) h in fresh preparation. These findings encourage commercially developed LHE-based products as an alternative to conventional synthetic repellents in preventing mosquito bites and helping to interrupt mosquito-borne disease transmission.

scholarly journals Predicting Aedes aegypti infestation using landscape and thermal features

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Lorenz ◽  
Marcia C. Castro ◽  
Patricia M. P. Trindade ◽  
Maurício L. Nogueira ◽  
Mariana de Oliveira Lage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Vector Control ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Thermal Features

AbstractIdentifying Aedes aegypti breeding hotspots in urban areas is crucial for the design of effective vector control strategies. Remote sensing techniques offer valuable tools for mapping habitat suitability. In this study, we evaluated the association between urban landscape, thermal features, and mosquito infestations. Entomological surveys were conducted between 2016 and 2019 in Vila Toninho, a neighborhood of São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil, in which the numbers of adult female Ae. aegypti were recorded monthly and grouped by season for three years. We used data from 2016 to 2018 to build the model and data from summer of 2019 to validate it. WorldView-3 satellite images were used to extract land cover classes, and land surface temperature data were obtained using the Landsat-8 Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS). A multilevel negative binomial model was fitted to the data, which showed that the winter season has the greatest influence on decreases in mosquito abundance. Green areas and pavements were negatively associated, and a higher cover of asbestos roofs and exposed soil was positively associated with the presence of adult females. These features are related to socio-economic factors but also provide favorable breeding conditions for mosquitos. The application of remote sensing technologies has significant potential for optimizing vector control strategies, future mosquito suppression, and outbreak prediction.

scholarly journals Male competition and the evolution of mating and life-history traits in experimental populations of Aedes aegypti

2019 ◽  
Vol 286 (1904) ◽  
pp. 20190591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alima Qureshi ◽  
Andrew Aldersley ◽  
Brian Hollis ◽  
Alongkot Ponlawat ◽  
Lauren J. Cator
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Mating Success ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Male Competition ◽  
Male Mating ◽  
Male Mating Success ◽  
Reproductive Control ◽  
Evolutionary Response ◽  
Mating Conditions

Aedes aegypti is an important disease vector and a major target of reproductive control efforts. We manipulated the opportunity for sexual selection in populations of Ae . aegypti by controlling the number of males competing for a single female. Populations exposed to higher levels of male competition rapidly evolved higher male competitive mating success relative to populations evolved in the absence of competition, with an evolutionary response visible after only five generations. We also detected correlated evolution in other important mating and life-history traits, such as acoustic signalling, fecundity and body size. Our results indicate that there is ample segregating variation for determinants of male mating competitiveness in wild populations and that increased male mating success trades-off with other important life-history traits. The mating conditions imposed on laboratory-reared mosquitoes are likely a significant determinant of male mating success in populations destined for release.

scholarly journals Larvicidal activity of oil-resin fractions from the Brazilian medicinal plant Copaifera reticulata Ducke (Leguminosae-Caesalpinoideae) against Aedes aegypti (Diptera, Culicidae)

2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heloísa Helena Garcia da Silva ◽  
Regina Geris ◽  
Edson Rodrigues Filho ◽  
Cleonice Rocha ◽  
Ionizete Garcia da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Alternative Control ◽  
13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Alternative Control Methods

Oil-resin fractions from Copaifera reticulata Ducke (Leguminosae-Caesalpinoideae) were evaluated for larvicidal activity on third larval instars of Aedes aegypti, in searching for alternative control methods for this mosquito. The bioactive fractions were chemically monitored by thin-layer chromatography, ¹H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry. Bioassays were performed using five repetitions, at a temperature of 28 ± 1°C, relative humidity of 80 ± 5% and light and dark cycles of 12h. Mortality was indicated by darkening of the cephalic capsule after 24h of exposure of the larvae to the solutions. The most active fractions were CRM1-4 (sesquiterpenes) and CRM5-7 (labdane diterpenes), which showed LC50 values of 0.2 and 0.8ppm, respectively.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document