scholarly journals Iron Absorption from Bouillon Fortified with Iron-Enriched Aspergillus oryzae Is Higher Than That Fortified with Ferric Pyrophosphate in Young Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 (5) ◽  
pp. 1109-1115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda E Bries ◽  
Richard F Hurrell ◽  
Manju B Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Oryzae ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Iron Absorption ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Ferric Pyrophosphate ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Crossover Studies ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Fractional Absorption

ABSTRACT Background Bouillon cubes are a potential vehicle for iron fortification. They are currently fortified with ferric pyrophosphate (FePP), which is known to be poorly absorbed. The objective of this study was to assess the iron absorption of Aspergillus oryzae grown in FePP (ASP-p) and compare it with FePP and ferrous sulfate (FeSO4)–fortified bouillon cubes. Methods In 2 single-blinded, crossover studies, healthy women with serum ferritin concentrations <40 μg/L were randomly assigned to consume a rice-vegetable meal with iron-fortified chicken bouillon. Subjects in study I (n = 17, 18–26 y) consumed iron from both iron sources as 57FePP and 58ASP-p (intrinsically labeled with 58FePP) with a meal containing 4.2 mg of total iron provided for 3 d. Study II (n = 18, 18–29 y) was similar except that subjects consumed 57FeSO4 and 58ASP-p. Whole-blood stable isotope enrichment after 14 d was used to measure fractional iron absorption. Hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum ferritin, hepcidin, and serum C-reactive protein were analyzed at baseline and at 14 d. A t test was used to compare the mean differences in fractional absorptions within each study and baseline characteristics between studies. Results Geometric mean (95% CI) fractional iron absorption of FePP [0.94% (0.63%, 1.40%)] was lower than ASP-p [2.20% (1.47%, 3.30%)] (P < 0.0001) in study I. In study II, ASP-p fractional absorption [2.98% (2.03%, 4.38%)] was lower than that of FeSO4 [9.88% (6.70%, 14.59%)] (P < 0.0001). Both ferritin (r = −0.41, P = 0.014) and hepcidin (r = −0.42, P = 0.01) concentrations were inversely correlated with ASP-p iron absorption. Fractional absorption of ASP-p was also positively correlated with FePP (r = 0.92, P < 0.0001) and FeSO4 (r = 0.52, P < 0.02) absorption. Conclusions ASP-p–fortified bouillon provided 2.3-fold higher absorbable iron than the currently used FePP. Bouillon fortified with ASP-p may contribute sufficient bioavailable iron to meet the daily iron requirements in young women only if consumed with other iron-fortified staple foods. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03586245.

scholarly journals Asymptomatic Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Preschool Children and Young Women Does Not Predict Iron Bioavailability from Iron-Fortified Foods

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Buerkli ◽  
Ndèye Fatou Ndiaye ◽  
Colin I. Cercamondi ◽  
Isabelle Herter-Aeberli ◽  
Diego Moretti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Iron Absorption ◽  
Iron Bioavailability ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
H Pylori

Helicobacter pylori infection is common in low-income countries. It has been associated with iron deficiency and reduced efficacy of iron supplementation. Whether H. pylori infection affects iron absorption from fortified and biofortified foods is unclear. Our objective was to assess whether asymptomatic H. pylori infection predicts dietary iron bioavailability in women and children, two main target groups of iron fortification programs. We did a pooled analysis of studies in women of reproductive age and preschool children that were conducted in Benin, Senegal and Haiti using stable iron isotope tracers to measure erythrocyte iron incorporation. We used mixed models to assess whether asymptomatic H. pylori infection predicted fractional iron absorption from ferrous sulfate, ferrous fumarate or NaFeEDTA, controlling for age, hemoglobin, iron status (serum ferritin), inflammation (C-reactive protein), and test meal. The analysis included 213 iron bioavailability measurements from 80 women and 235 measurements from 90 children; 51.3% of women and 54.4% of children were seropositive for H. pylori. In both women and children, hemoglobin (Hb), serum ferritin (SF), and C-reactive protein (CRP) did not differ between the seropositive and seronegative groups. Geometric mean (95% CI) fractional iron absorption (%), adjusted for SF, was 8.97% (7.64, 10.54) and 6.06% (4.80, 7.67) in H. pylori positive and negative women (p = 0.274), and 9.02% (7.68, 10.59) and 7.44% (6.01, 9.20) in H. pylori positive and negative children (p = 0.479). Our data suggest asymptomatic H. pylori infection does not predict fractional iron absorption from iron fortificants given to preschool children or young women in low-income settings.

scholarly journals Iron bioavailability of a casein-based iron fortificant compared with that of ferrous sulfate in whole milk: a randomized trial with a crossover design in adult women

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 (6) ◽  
pp. 1362-1369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon J Henare ◽  
Nadia Nur Singh ◽  
Ashling M Ellis ◽  
Paul J Moughan ◽  
Abby K Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Ferrous Sulfate ◽  
Iron Absorption ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Crossover Design ◽  
Iron Bioavailability ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Whole Milk

ABSTRACT Background A highly soluble iron–casein complex has been developed for food fortification purposes with the aim to provide high iron bioavailability. Objective We aimed to determine the iron bioavailability of the iron–casein complex relative to that of ferrous sulfate (control) when given with whole milk in healthy young women. Methods A randomized comparator-controlled trial with a crossover design was conducted using the erythrocyte incorporation dual stable isotope (57Fe, 58Fe) technique. Iron absorption from the iron–casein complex was compared with that from ferrous sulfate in 21 healthy women aged 20–38 y with normal iron status. Results Fractional iron absorption (geometric mean; −SD, +SD) from the iron–casein complex (3.4%; 1.4%, 5.4%) and from ferrous sulfate (3.9%; 1.7%, 6.1%) were not statistically different (P > 0.05). The relative bioavailability value of the iron–casein complex to ferrous sulfate was determined to be 0.87 (−1 SD, +1 SD: −0.90, +2.64). Conclusions The iron–casein complex has iron bioavailability comparable to that of ferrous sulfate in healthy young women. This trial was registered at www.anzctr.org.au as ACTRN12615000690550.

scholarly journals An intensified training schedule in recreational male runners is associated with increases in erythropoiesis and inflammation and a net reduction in plasma hepcidin

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (6) ◽  
pp. 1324-1333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Moretti ◽  
Samuel Mettler ◽  
Christophe Zeder ◽  
Carsten Lundby ◽  
Anneke Geurts-Moetspot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Iron Absorption ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Iron Bioavailability ◽  
Oral Iron ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Hemoglobin Mass ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation ◽  
Iron Utilization

ABSTRACT Background Iron status is a determinant of physical performance, but training may induce both low-grade inflammation and erythropoiesis, exerting opposing influences on hepcidin and iron metabolism. To our knowledge, the combined effects on iron absorption and utilization during training have not been examined directly in humans. Objective We hypothesized that 3 wk of exercise training in recreational male runners would decrease oral iron bioavailability by increasing inflammation and hepcidin concentrations. Design In a prospective intervention, nonanemic, iron-sufficient men (n = 10) completed a 34-d study consisting of a 16-d control phase and a 22-d exercise-training phase of 8 km running every second day. We measured oral iron absorption and erythroid iron utilization using oral 57Fe and intravenous 58Fe tracers administered before and during training. We measured hemoglobin mass (mHb) and total red blood cell volume (RCV) by carbon monoxide rebreathing. Iron status, interleukin-6 (IL-6), plasma hepcidin (PHep), erythropoietin (EPO), and erythroferrone were measured before, during, and after training. Results Exercise training induced inflammation, as indicated by an increased mean ± SD IL-6 (0.87 ± 1.1 to 5.17 ± 2.2 pg/mL; P < 0.01), while also enhancing erythropoiesis, as indicated by an increase in mean EPO (0.66 ± 0.42 to 2.06 ± 1.6 IU/L), mHb (10.5 ± 1.6 to 10.8 ± 1.8 g/kg body weight), and mean RCV (30.7 ± 4.3 to 32.7 ± 4.6 mL/kg) (all P < 0.05). Training tended to increase geometric mean iron absorption by 24% (P = 0.083), consistent with a decreased mean ± SD PHep (7.25 ± 2.14 to 5.17 ± 2.24 nM; P < 0.05). The increase in mHb and erythroid iron utilization were associated with the decrease in PHep (P < 0.05). Compartmental modeling indicated that iron for the increase in mHb was obtained predominantly (>80%) from stores mobilization rather than from increased dietary absorption. Conclusions In iron-sufficient men, mild intensification of exercise intensity increases both inflammation and erythropoiesis. The net effect is to decrease hepcidin concentrations and to tend to increase oral iron absorption. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01730521.

A stable-isotope study of zinc, copper, and iron absorption and retention by young women fed vitamin B-6-deficient diets

1991 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 1059-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
J R Turnlund ◽  
W R Keyes ◽  
C A Hudson ◽  
A A Betschart ◽  
M J Kretsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Iron Absorption ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Isotope Study ◽  
Stable Isotope Study

scholarly journals Oral iron supplements increase hepcidin and decrease iron absorption from daily or twice-daily doses in iron-depleted young women

Blood ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 126 (17) ◽  
pp. 1981-1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Moretti ◽  
Jeroen S. Goede ◽  
Christophe Zeder ◽  
Markus Jiskra ◽  
Vaiya Chatzinakou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Transferrin Receptor ◽  
Iron Absorption ◽  
Oral Iron ◽  
Soluble Transferrin Receptor ◽  
Iron Supplements ◽  
Key Points

Key Points Iron supplements at doses of 60 mg Fe as FeSO4 or higher increase hepcidin for up to 24 hours and are associated with lower iron absorption on the following day. The soluble transferrin receptor/ferritin ratio and hepcidin are equivalent predictors of iron absorption from supplements.

scholarly journals Association between Haem and Non-Haem Iron Intake and Serum Ferritin in Healthy Young Women

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Young ◽  
Helen Parker ◽  
Anna Rangan ◽  
Tania Prvan ◽  
Rebecca Cook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Iron Intake ◽  
Haem Iron

MO609PREVALENCE OF MALNUTRITION AND INFLAMMATION IN NONDIALYZED PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE: A CLINICAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manzoor Parry ◽  
Hamad Jeelani
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Chronic Glomerulonephritis ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
North East ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Initiation Of Dialysis

Abstract Background and Aims The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in India varies from 0.16–0.78%. The reported incidence of malnutrition in CKD patients is 37–84%. There is a paucity of data on the quantification of malnutrition and inflammation in undialyzed patients of CKD from north east of India. This study analyzed the prevalence and causes of malnutrition and inflammation in patients with CKD before the initiation of dialysis treatment. Method This study was conducted from May 2017 to May 2019 in the department of nephrology Guahati medical college hospital. Assessment of nutritional and inflammatory status was carried out in patients with CKD before initiation of dialysis. Serum albumin; body mass index (BMI); triceps skin fold thickness (TST); mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC); and subjective global assessment (SGA) scoring were used for assessment of nutritional parameters. Serum C-reactive protein; serum albumin and serum ferritin level were used to assess the inflammatory status in these patients. Results A total of 528 (male:female= 359:169) patients with CKD participated in this study. Diabetic Nephropathy (35%) was the most common; followed by; hypertension (23%) and chronic glomerulonephritis (20 %). The evidence of malnutrition was noted in 344 (65%). The mean age of patients with malnutrition was 52.8±12.45 years with a male predominance (68%). On the basis of SGA score; malnutrition was noted in 344 patients (mild moderate [36%]; severe; [30%]); remaining (34%) were well nourished. Thus; evidence of Malnutrition was noted in 65% of patients with CKD.). Serum total protein & albumin were higher in the non-malnourished patients in comparison to malnourished (5.83±1.0 vs 5.31±1.12 p&lt;0.05; 3.65±0.7 vs 2.62±0.74) The inflammatory markers (serum ferritin & C reactive protein) were elevated significantly in patients with malnutrition in comparison to those without malnutrition (308.15±60.18 mg/dL vs. 251.64±63.14 mg/dL; p &lt; 0.001; 77% vs. 50%; p &lt; 0.01). Conclusion Malnutrition and inflammation are common in patients with CKD before the commencement of dialysis. This indicates that an emphasis should be placed on the assessment and prevention or correction of malnutrition and inflammatory burden in these patients with CKD.

The effect of iron dosing schedules on plasma hepcidin and iron absorption in Kenyan infants

2020 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 1132-1141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary A Uyoga ◽  
Nadja Mikulic ◽  
Daniela Paganini ◽  
Edith Mwasi ◽  
Nicole U Stoffel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Iron Absorption ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Oral Iron ◽  
Iron Isotopes ◽  
Iron Supplement ◽  
Micronutrient Powder

ABSTRACT Background In adults, oral iron doses increase plasma hepcidin (PHep) for 24 h, but not for 48 h, and there is a circadian increase in PHep over the day. Because high PHep decreases fractional iron absorption (FIA), alternate day iron dosing in the morning may be preferable to consecutive day dosing. Whether these effects occur in infants is uncertain. Objective Using stable iron isotopes in Kenyan infants, we compared FIA from morning and afternoon doses and from consecutive, alternate (every second day) and every third day iron doses. Methods In prospective studies, we measured and compared FIA and the PHep response from 1) meals fortified with a 12-mg iron micronutrient powder given in the morning or afternoon (n = 22); 2) the same given on consecutive or alternate days (n = 21); and 3) a 12-mg iron supplement given on alternate days or every third day (n = 24). Results In total, 65.7% of infants were anemic. In study 1, PHep did not differ between morning and afternoon (P = 0.072), and geometric mean FIA[−SD, +SD](%) did not differ between the morning and afternoon doses [15.9 (8.9, 28.6) and 16.1 (8.7, 29.8), P = 0.877]. In study 2, PHep was increased 24 h after oral iron (P = 0.014), and mean FIA [±SD](%) from the baseline dose [23.3 (10.9)] was greater than that from the consecutive day dose (at 24 h) [20.1 (10.4); P = 0.042] but did not differ from the alternate day dose (at 48 h) [20.9 (13.4); P = 0.145]. In study 3, PHep was not increased 48 and 72 h after oral iron (P = 0.384), and the geometric mean FIA[−SD, +SD](%) from doses given at baseline, alternate days, and every third day did not differ [12.7 (7.3, 21.9), 13.8 (7.8, 24.2), and 14.8 (8.8, 24.8), respectively; P = 0.080]. Conclusions In Kenyan infants given 12 mg oral iron, morning and afternoon doses are comparably absorbed, dosing on consecutive days increases PHep and modestly decreases iron absorption compared with alternate day dosing, and dosing on alternate days or every third day does not increase PHep or decrease absorption. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02989311 and NCT03617575.

scholarly journals Acute Consumption of Prebiotic Galacto-Oligosaccharides Increases Iron Absorption from Ferrous Fumarate, but not from Ferrous Sulfate and Ferric Pyrophosphate: Stable Iron Isotope Studies in Iron-Depleted Young Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 (9) ◽  
pp. 2391-2397
Author(s):  
Frederike M D Jeroense ◽  
Christophe Zeder ◽  
Michael B Zimmermann ◽  
Isabelle Herter-Aeberli
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Ferrous Sulfate ◽  
Iron Absorption ◽  
Ferric Pyrophosphate ◽  
Ferrous Fumarate ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test ◽  
Isotope Studies ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Dose Dependent

ABSTRACT Background Although acute consumption of high doses of prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) increases fractional iron absorption (FIA) from ferrous fumarate (FeFum), it is uncertain if low doses of GOS have this effect. Furthermore, whether GOS improve iron absorption from other commonly used iron compounds and whether ascorbic acid (AA) enhances the effect of GOS on iron absorption from FeFum is unclear. Objectives In iron-depleted women [serum ferritin (SF) &lt;30 μg/L], we assessed: 1) whether the acute enhancing effect of GOS on FeFum is dose dependent; 2) if GOS would affect FIA from ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) or ferric pyrophosphate (FePP); and 3) if AA and GOS given together enhance FIA from FeFum to a greater extent compared with GOS alone. Methods We recruited 46 women (mean age 22.0 y, mean BMI 21.3 kg/m2, median SF 17.1 μg/L), and measured FIA from 14 mg iron labeled with stable isotopes in the following conditions: 1) FIA from FeFum given with 3.5 g, 7 g GOS, and without GOS; 2) FIA from FeSO4 and FePP given with and without 15 g GOS; and 3) FIA from FeFum given with 7 g GOS with and without 93 mg AA. FIA was measured as erythrocyte incorporation of stable isotopes after 14 d. Comparisons were made using paired samples t-test or Wilcoxon rank sum test where appropriate. Results Giving 7 g of GOS significantly increased FIA from FeFum (+26%; P = 0.039), whereas 3.5 g GOS did not (P = 0.130). GOS did not significantly increase FIA from FeSO4 (P = 0.998) or FePP (P = 0.059). FIA from FeFum given with GOS and AA was significantly higher compared with FeFum given with GOS alone (+30%; P &lt;0.001). Conclusions In iron-depleted women, GOS does not increase FIA from FeSO4 or FePP, but it increases FIA from FeFum. Thus, a combination of FeFum and GOS may be a well-absorbed formula for iron supplements. The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03762148.

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