Chronic myeloid leukemia incidence trends among Caucasians in the United States.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e17005-e17005
Author(s):  
Rakesh Mandal ◽  
Binay Kumar Shah
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Caucasian Women ◽  
Adjusted Incidence

e17005 Background: Information on trend of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) incidence rate is scant. This study was conducted to evaluate the time trends of CML incidence rates among Caucasians in the U.S. Methods: We used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program to extract annual age-adjusted incidence rates of CML from 1973-2008 for <60yr and >60yr age groups classified by gender. Trends of incidence rates were evaluated using the National Cancer Institute’s Joinpoint Regression Program (v 3.5.2). The maximum number of joinpoints used was 4. The annual percentage change (APC %) for the final selected joinpoint model for each cohort is shown in the table. Results: The annual age-adjusted CML incidence rates for 1973 vs. 2008 were 0.72/0.67, 5.67/4.47, 0.93/0.67, and 10.5/8.5 per 100,000 population for the 4 cohorts: women (<60yr, >60yr) and men (<60yr, >60yr), respectively. Among Caucasian women (>60yr), the incidence rate decreased significantly from 5.58/100,000 in 2001 to 4.47/100,000 in 2008 (APC= -3.08, CI -5.8 to -0.3, p = 0.004). The incidence trend from 1973-2001 was stable for this cohort (APC=0.1, CI -0.3 to 0.5). The incidence trends among women <60yr, men <60yr, and men >60yr were stable from 1973-2008. Conclusions: The annual age-adjusted incidence rates of chronic myeloid leukemia among older (>60 year) Caucasian women has declined sharply from 2001-2008. The rate change is unexplained. It may help generate hypotheses regarding risk factors for CML. [Table: see text]

Trends in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Survival in the United States From 1975–2009

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (21) ◽  
pp. 3780-3780
Author(s):  
Yiming Chen ◽  
Haijun Wang ◽  
Jorge E. Cortes ◽  
Hagop M. Kantarjian
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Interferon Alfa ◽  
Calendar Period ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Female Ratio

Abstract Abstract 3780 Background: The use of interferon-alfa and allogeneic-stem cell transplantation, and more recently of tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has improved the outcome of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The purpose of this large scale population-based study is to provide comprehensive, up-to- date analysis of the short- and long-term RS of patients with CML over different treatment eras, with particular focus on the era of TKI targeted therapy. Patients and methods: Data from SEER 9 registries database were selected for the present study. The 9 registries covered about 10% of the US population. A total of 13,871 patients with an initial diagnosis of CML between1975–2009 were reported to the SEER 9 registries. Two patients were excluded from this study because of unknown ages. The remaining 13,869 patients with CML were included for the incidence rate calculations. In 1740 reported cases, CML was not the first primary cancer, 188 cases were diagnosed by autopsy or reported by death certificate, and 52 cases were without active follow-up, leaving 11,888 cases for the survival analysis. Patients were grouped into 3 calendar periods according to year of diagnosis: 1975–1989, 1990–2000, and 2001–2009, representing the three main eras in the history for CML therapy: the era of cytotoxic therapy (busulfan and hydroxyurea), the era of interferon-alfa and allo-SCT; and the TKIs era. Patients were grouped into six age groups. Age-adjusted incidence rate was expressed per 100,000 persons per year. We analyzed relative survival (RS) using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Among 13,869 patients with CML, 7941 were male (57%) with a median age at diagnosis of 66 years (range, 0 to 108 years); 85 % of patients were Caucasians. The incidence of CML was 1.75 cases/100,000 persons per-year, and was essentially stable during the study periods. The incidence increased with age from a rate of 0.09/100,000 among those ≤15 years old to 7.88/100,000 among those ≥75 years old with a relative risk of 85. The male to female ratio was 1.7. There were ethnic and geographic differences in the incidence on CML. The incidence was lowest among American Indian/Alaska Native and Asians/Pacific populations and was highest in Detroit (P<0.05). Overall, 1-year, 5-year and 10-year RS after diagnosis was 0.74, 0.36 and 0.21, respectively. There were no significant differences in RS between male and female, and Caucasian and African-American patients, but the 10-year RS ratios were considerably higher among Asians compared to Caucasian and African-American patients (P<0.05). The cumulative RS for all patients with CML under study improved significantly with each study period, with the greatest improvement among patients diagnosed during the 2001–2009 period. The 5-year RS ratios were 0.26 for the calendar period 1975–1989, 0.36 for the calendar period 1990–2000, and 0.56 for the calendar period 2001–2009. The cumulative RS were significantly higher in the 2005–2009 calendar period compared with the 2001–2004 calendar period corresponding to the introduction of second generation of TKIs. As expected, age was a strong predictor of survival through all 3 calendar periods. The 5-year and 10-year RS ratios decreased rapidly for patients age greater than 64 years old. Patients diagnosed in 2001–2009 had the highest RS among all age groups. Of note, the1-year and 5-year RS ratios in all calendar periods were highest in AYA. In the last two calendar periods under study, the 5-year RS ratios improved significantly for all groups (P<.05) except for the group aged <15 years (P>.05). The increases were: from 0.56 to 0.70 for patients aged <15 years, from 0.56 to 0.86 for patients aged 15–29 years, from 0.53 to 0.84 for patients aged 30–49 years, from 0.45 to 0.70 for patients aged 50–64 years, from 0.29 to 0.47 for patients aged 65–74 years and 0.16 to 0.25 for patients aged ≥ 75 years. 1-year and 10-year RS ratios showed similar trends. Conclusions: The incidence of CML was stable over time; there are ethnic and geographic variations in the incidence of CML. The RS of patients with CML increased with each treatment eras, with the greatest improvement occurring in 2001–2009 for all age groups, presumably because of increasing use of TKIs. Future research should focus on methods to identify and to eliminate residual dormant CML stem cells that cure relapse, so we can achieve the ultimate goal of cure in CML. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Crude and Age-Adjusted Ph+/Bcr-Abl+ Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Incidence Rate in St. Petersburg and Leningrad Region Between 2006–2011

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (21) ◽  
pp. 4432-4432
Author(s):  
Kudrat Abdulkadyrov ◽  
Elza Lomaia ◽  
Natalia Lazorko ◽  
Vasiliy Shuvaev ◽  
Alla Abdulkadyrova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
First Line

Abstract Abstract 4432 Background: The incidence of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), reported from some population based registries, varies significantly. CML is known as age-dependent disease, so population age structure may strongly influent on the data. For international comparisons several systems for age-standardization are using in epidemiological studies. We conducted our retrospective study to reveal differences in CML incidence rates on the basis of calculation – crude or age-adjusted according to different population standards in St. Petersburg and Leningrad region. Methods: In 2005 the database of Ph- and/or bcr-abl- positive CML patients (pts) was conducted in St. Petersburg and Leningrad region. Since then the data from all newly diagnosed CML patients were included prospectively on population basis. The database was updated at least bi-annually. The data were obtained from hematologists, as general practitioners and private physicians are not licensed to treat oncohematological disorders. The data were double checked from the list of Imatinib distribution (the only drug reimbursed for first line treatment). To calculate crude CML incidence rate we use the data of the general census of the population in Russia in 2010 (the whole population of our region is 6596434 with population in age 15 and above 5821133). For age-adjusted CML incidence rate we use three of currently existing standards: The Segi (“World”), The Scandinavian (“European”) and the WHO standard (based on world average population between 2000–2025). Results: There are 258 (242 in chronic, 9 in accelerated and 7 in blastic phases) CML adult (15 years and above) pts, registered during 2006–2011. The median age is 53 years (48,5 and 55,5 years for men and women respectively). Sokal score was evaluable in 209 pts. It is low in 37%, intermediate in 35% and high in 28% pts. The crude CML incidence rate is slightly higher in men than in women with ratio 1,2:1. Mean annual crude CML incidence rate was 0,65 per 100 000 whole population of Saint Petersburg and Leningrad region, but it was 0,74 in adult population (15 years old and above). Mean annual CML incidence rates in the same age groups were slightly higher in all three standardized systems: 0,94 in Segi, 0,84 in Scandinavian and 0,88 in WHO standard populations. CML incidence rates in all age groups are presented in the table 1. CML incidence rate was lowest in young pts. It was unexpectedly very low in senior pts. CML incidence rates nearly for all age groups were slightly higher in St. Petersburg than in the Leningrad region. The majority of pts (98%) were treated with Imatinib (93% first or second line) or other tyrosine kinase inhibitors (5% first line-in international clinical trials, 18% after Imatinib failure or intolerance). Stem cell transplantation was performed only in 8/258 (3%) pts. Only 25235 (7,5%) evaluable pts progressed from chronic to advanced phases. Only 29/258 (11%) pts dead mostly due to CML (21 CML related deaths were reported). Estimated 5 years overall survival is 91,5%. Mean annual overall CML pts death rate was 1,9% (mean annual death rate between 2006–2010 in whole population of our region was 1,6%). Mean pts accumulated very fast - annual CML prevalence increasing rate between 2005–2011 was more than 14% (Picture 1). Conclusions: CML incidence both crude and age-adjusted in our population based registry is nearly the same in young and middle age, but much lower in senior (65 years and above) pts groups in comparison with published data from other registries which probably represents peculiarities of health system rather than real incidence. In the tyrosine kinase inhibitors era CML patients death rate is very low (nearly the same as in whole population) and CML pts is accumulated very fast in our region. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Melanoma Incidence Among Non-Hispanic Whites in All 50 US States From 2001 Through 2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 (5) ◽  
pp. 533-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron P Thrift ◽  
Franciska J Gudenkauf
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
The United States ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Percent Change ◽  
Melanoma Incidence

Abstract Background The United States has large regional variation in primary prevention campaigns for skin cancer. We collected data from all 50 states to examine changes in melanoma incidence and performed age-period-cohort analyses to describe the simultaneous effects of age, period, and cohort on incidence rates. Methods Annual melanoma incidence rates for non-Hispanic whites from 2001 to 2015 were extracted from the US Cancer Statistics registry. Secular trends were examined overall and by sex and state. We used joinpoint regression to compute annual percent change and average annual percent change and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We also analyzed incidence trends by 5-year age group and birth cohort using incidence rate ratios and age-period-cohort modeling. Results Melanoma incidence increased from 20.7 per 100 000 (95% CI = 20.5 to 20.9) in 2001 to 28.2 per 100 000 (95% CI = 28.0 to 28.5) in 2015, increasing by 3.90% (95% CI = 2.36% to 5.48%) annually between 2001 and 2005 and 1.68% (95% CI = 1.37% to 1.99%) annually from 2005 through 2015. The average annual percent change in melanoma incidence rates were similar for men (2.34%, 95% CI = 1.91 to 2.78) and women (2.25%, 95% CI = 1.60 to 2.91). Age-specific relative risk by birth cohort increased from circa 1921 to 1981 before decreasing. Compared with adults born circa 1956, those born circa 1991 had lower melanoma risk (incidence rate ratio  = 0.85; 95% CI = 0.77 to 0.94). Geographic variation was observed; some states still have melanoma rates trending upwards in all birth cohorts. Conclusions The continued increase in melanoma incidence among non-Hispanic whites, particularly in states where rates continue to rise among recent and current birth cohorts, underscores the need for increased public health campaigns aimed at reducing sun exposure.

Higher Incidence of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) Among Blacks Compared to Whites in the Post-Imatinib Period (2002–2009) Corresponds with Worse Survival Observed within the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results 18 Registries

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (21) ◽  
pp. 3773-3773
Author(s):  
Adam Mendizabal ◽  
Paul H Levine
Keyword(s):  
Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Age At Diagnosis ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Adjusted Incidence

Abstract Abstract 3773 Background: Age at diagnosis of CML varies by race in the United States with median occurring around ages 54 and 63 among Black and White patients, respectively. The treatment paradigm shifted when Imatinib was approved in 2001 for treatment of CML. More recently, second generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) have also been used for treatment of CML. Differences in outcomes by race have been previously reported prior to the TKI treatment period. We aimed to assess whether the earlier age at diagnosis resulted in differential trends in age-adjusted incidence rates and survival outcomes by race in the post-Imatinib treatment period. Methods: Data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 18 Registries were extracted for diagnoses between 2002 and 2009 based on the assumption that cases diagnosed after 2002 would be treated with TKI's. CML was defined according to the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology 3rd edition code 9863 (CML-NOS) and 9875 (CML-Philadelphia Chromosome Positive). Cases diagnosed by autopsy or death certificate only were excluded. Incidence rates are expressed per 100,000 person-years and age-adjusted to the 2000 US Standard Population. Black/White incidence rate ratios (IRRBW) are shown with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). Kaplan-Meier estimates of CML-specific survival (CPS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated at 5-years post-diagnosis with the event being time to CML-specific death or any death, respectively. Stratified Cox proportional hazards models were constructed to assess the impact of age and race on the risk of death expressed as a hazard ratio (HR). Results: Since 2002, 6,632 patients diagnosed with CML were reported to the SEER 18 registries including 5,829 White patients (87.9%) and 803 Black patients (12.1%) with 57% being male. The age-adjusted incidence rate for Blacks was 1.18 (95% CI, 1.10–1.27) per 100,000 and 1.12 (95% CI, 1.09–1.27) per 100,000 for Whites. The corresponding IRRBW was 1.06 (95% CI, 0.98– 1.14). When considering 20-year age-groups, Blacks had higher incidence rates in the 20–39 and 40–59 age groups; IRRBW of 1.26 (95% CI, 1.06–1.49; p=0.0073) and 1.23 (95% CI, 1.09–1.39; p=0.0007), respectively. No statistically significant differences in IRRBW were seen within the 0–19, 60–79 and 80+ age-groupings although Whites have higher non-significant incidence rates in the latter 2 age-groups. Differences in IRRBW prompted an assessment of survival to determine if the excess incidence observed in the younger age groups corresponded with a worse survival. CPS at 5-years was 85.5% (95% CI, 84.3–86.6). In univariate analysis, age was an important predictor of outcome (p<0.0001) with patients diagnosed after age 80 having the worse outcomes (OS: 58.3%), followed by patients diagnosed between 60 and 79 years (OS 84.7%), 0–19 years (OS: 87.1%), 40–59 years (OS: 90.2%), and 20–39 years (OS: 92.6%). When considering all age-groups, race was not a significant predictor of death (HR 0.91; 95% CI, 0.72–1.15). However, in a stratified analysis with 20-year age groups, Blacks had an increased risk of death as compared to Whites (Figure 1) in the 20–39 age group (HR: 2.94; 95% CI, 1.72–5.26; p<0.0001) and the 40–59 age group (HR: 1.67; 95% CI, 1.22–2.27; p=0.0069) while no differences were seen within the 0–19, 60–79 and 80+ age groups. Conclusions from OS models were similar to that of the CPS models. Conclusions: Through this analysis of population-based cancer registry data collected in the US between 2002 and 2009, we show that Blacks have a younger age at diagnosis with higher incidence rates observed in the 20–39 and 40–59 age-groups as compared to Whites. Both CPS and OS outcomes differed by race and age. Similar to the differences observed with the incidence rates, survival was worse in Blacks diagnosed within the 20–39 and 40–59 age-groups as compared to Whites. Although outcomes have globally improved in patients with CML since the advent of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, the persistence of incidence heterogeneity and poorer survival among Blacks warrants further attention. Access to care may be a possible reason for the differences observed but further studies are warranted to rule out biological differences which may be causing an earlier age at onset and poorer survival. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia After Adjuvant Treatment For Breast Cancer: Is It Therapy Related?

Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (21) ◽  
pp. 2740-2740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwin Kishtagari ◽  
Isaac Alexander Bowman ◽  
Martin S. Tallman ◽  
Dan Douer ◽  
Ellin Berman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
United States ◽  
Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
General Population ◽  
Adjuvant Treatment ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cytotoxic Chemotherapy ◽  
Adjusted Incidence

Abstract Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is a rare myeloid neoplasm with an age-adjusted incidence of 1.6 per 100,000 people in the United States (http://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/cmyl.html). Despite the understanding of the pathogenesis of CML – the fusion of BCR-ABL leading to a constitutively activated tyrosine kinase – underlying events that lead to a 9;22 translocation are incompletely elucidated. Although CML was the most common leukemia seen among survivors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, other causative factors are not well defined. There is a known association between exposure to radiation and/or cytotoxic chemotherapy and therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML). This relationship is best described after adjuvant treatment for breast cancer (BC), but has also been reported in patients treated for lymphoma, testicular cancer and colorectal cancer. Based on a number of patients we have seen at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center with CML who had prior adjuvant treatment for BC, we hypothesized that a subset of patients with CML have therapy-related disease and the acquisition of a 9;22 translocation may be related to prior exposure to cytotoxic chemotherapy and/or radiation. Using ICD-9 codes for BC, we queried the Memorial Sloan-Kettering institutional database from 1983-2012 to search for patients who had a co-occurring diagnosis of CML, as defined by a bone marrow aspirate or biopsy that was morphologically consistent with CML and either a cytogenetic report that confirmed a 9;22 translocation and/or a BCR-ABL p210 fusion transcript. Charts of patients identified in the institutional database were individually reviewed to confirm their eligibility for this retrospective study. In total, 15 patients who developed a diagnosis of CML after adjuvant treatment of BC were identified (table 1). Of those identified, all had received prior adjuvant chemotherapy (n=11), prior adjuvant radiation (n=12) or both (n=15). The cumulative doses of anthracycline and alkylating agents are detailed in table 1. The interval between the adjuvant treatment of breast cancer and CML was 4.7 years. Patients diagnosed with CML after treatment of BC tended to be younger than those with CML diagnosed in the general population (50.47 years vs. 64 years) and were overwhelmingly Caucasian. All patients were diagnosed in chronic phase and none of the patients had an additional cytogenetic abnormality. The cumulative incidence of CML was markedly higher than in the general population; while 78,000 unique patients with BC were seen at MSKCC between 1985 and 2012, 15 patients subsequently received a diagnosis of CML. This incidence is considerably greater than the age-adjusted incidence of 1.6 per 100,000 in the United States population.Table 1Patient CharacteristicsTotal15At time of Breast Cancer DiagnosisMedian Age (years)*46.59 (38-73)Race Caucasian13Asian2 African-American0Adjuvant Chemotherapy11 Anthracycline (n)5  Cumulative dose*240 mg/m2 Alkylator (n)10  Cumulative Dose*4800mg/m2Adjuvant Radiation12At time of CML DiagnosisMedian Age (years)*50.42Interval - Breast Ca and CML (years)*4.7 (1.2-18.8)White count at presentation*31 (24-188)Hgb at presentation*12.5 (7.9 – 14.1)Platelets at presentation*397 (185-1082)Initial Treatment Imatinib13 Dasatinib or Nilotinib0 Other2#*Median (range)#One patient received hydrea and one received an allogeneic stem cell transplant To our knowledge, our data represent the first comprehensive description of CML after adjuvant treatment of BC. The markedly elevated incidence of CML after receipt of adjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiation for BC as compared to the general US population suggests that this entity might be classified as a therapy-related leukemia. The exact pathogenesis of CML after adjuvant treatment for BC and reason patients more commonly develop t-AML requires further investigation. Given the remarkable efficacy of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in preventing progression to accelerated or blastic phase disease, the practicing oncologist focused in breast cancer should consider a diagnosis of t-CML in any BC patient, previously treated with adjuvant chemotherapy or radiation, who presents with an elevated white blood count.

scholarly journals The epidemiology of spinal schwannoma in the United States between 2006 and 2014

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 661-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahed Tish ◽  
Ghaith Habboub ◽  
Min Lang ◽  
Quinn T. Ostrom ◽  
Carol Kruchko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
American Population ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Spinal Schwannoma ◽  
Adjusted Incidence

OBJECTIVESpinal schwannoma remains the third most common intradural spinal tumor following spinal meningioma and ependymoma. The available literature is generally limited to single-institution reports rather than epidemiological investigations. As of 1/1/2004, registration of all benign central nervous system tumors in the United States became mandatory after the Benign Brain Tumor Cancer Registries Amendment Act took action, which provided massive resources for United States population-based epidemiological studies. This article describes the epidemiology of spinal schwannoma in the United States from January 1, 2006, through December 31, 2014.METHODSIn this study, the authors utilized the Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States, which corresponds to 100% of the American population. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Program of Cancer Registries and the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results program provide the resource for this data registry. The authors included diagnosis years 2006 to 2014. They used the codes per the International Coding of Diseases for Oncology, 3rd Edition: histology code 9560/0 and site codes C72.0 (spinal cord), C70.1 (spinal meninges), and C72.1 (cauda equina). Rates are per 100,000 persons and are age-adjusted to the 2000 United States standard population. The age-adjusted incidence rates and 95% confidence intervals are calculated by age, sex, race, and ethnicity.RESULTSThere were 6989 spinal schwannoma cases between the years 2006 and 2014. The yearly incidence eminently increased between 2010 and 2014. Total incidence rate was 0.24 (95% CI 0.23–0.24) per 100,000 persons. The peak adjusted incidence rate was seen in patients who ranged in age from 65 to 74 years. Spinal schwannomas were less common in females than they were in males (incidence rate ratio = 0.85; p < 0.001), and they were less common in blacks than they were in whites (IRR = 0.52; p < 0.001) and American Indians/Alaska Natives (IRR = 0.50; p < 0.001) compared to whites. There was no statistically significant difference in incidence rate between whites and Asian or Pacific Islanders (IRR = 0.92; p = 0.16).CONCLUSIONSThe authors’ study results demonstrated a steady increase in the incidence of spinal schwannomas between 2010 and 2014. Male sex and the age range 65–74 years were associated with higher incidence rates of spinal schwannomas, whereas black and American Indian/Alaska Native races were associated with lower incidence rates. The present study represents the most thorough assessment of spinal schwannoma epidemiology in the American population.

scholarly journals Incidence and clinicopathological features of colorectal cancer among multi-ethnic patients in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: a hospital-based retrospective analysis over two decades

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12425
Author(s):  
Khairul Najmi Muhammad Nawawi ◽  
Norfilza M. Mokhtar ◽  
Zhiqin Wong ◽  
Zairul Azwan Mohd Azman ◽  
Deborah Chia Hsin Chew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Clinicopathological Features ◽  
World Health ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
The Mean

Background The incidence rate of colorectal cancer (CRC) in Asian countries is increasing. Furthermore, recent studies have shown a concerning rise in the incidence of CRC among younger patients aged less than 50 years. This study aimed to analyze the incidence trends and clinicopathological features in patients with early-onset CRC (EOCRC) and later-onset CRC (at age ≥ 50 years). Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 946 patients with CRC diagnosed from 1997 to 2017 at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre. The time trend was assessed by dividing the two decades into four 5-year periods. The mean age-standardized and age-specific incidence rates were calculated by using the 5-year cumulative population of Kuala Lumpur and World Health Organization standard population. The mean incidence was expressed per 100,000 person-years. Results After a stable (all age groups) CRC incidence rate during the first decade (3.00 per 100,000 and 3.85 per 100,000), it sharply increased to 6.12 per 100,000 in the 2008–2012 period before decreasing to 4.54 per 100,000 in the 2013–2017 period. The CRC incidence trend in later-onset CRC showed a decrease in the 2013–2017 period. Contrariwise, for age groups of 40–44 and 45–49 years, the trends showed an increase in the latter 15 years of the study period (40–44 years: 1.44 to 1.92 to 2.3 per 100,000; 45–49 years: 2.87 to 2.94 to 4.01 per 100,000). Malays’ EOCRC incidence rate increased from 2008–2012 to 2013–2017 for both the age groups 40–44 years (1.46 to 2.89 per 100,000) and 45–49 years (2.73 to 6.51 per 100,000). Nearly one-fifth of EOCRC cases were diagnosed at an advanced stage (Dukes D: 19.9%), and the majority of them had rectal cancer (72.8%). Conclusion The incidence of EOCRC increased over the period 1997–2017; the patients were predominantly Malays, diagnosed at a later stage, and with cancer commonly localized in the rectal region. All the relevant stakeholders need to work on the management and prevention of CRC in Malaysia.

Temporal Incidence Trends of Pediatric Venous Thromboembolism: A Population-Based Cohort Study

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (21) ◽  
pp. 1138-1138
Author(s):  
Christine A. Sabapathy ◽  
Susan R. Kahn ◽  
Robert W Platt ◽  
Vicky Tagalakis
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Incident Cases ◽  
Temporal Incidence

Abstract Abstract 1138 Background: Pediatric venous thromboembolism (VTE), although rare, is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Published incidence rates in this age group vary from 0.07 to 0.49 VTE per 10 000 children/year and there is currently a paucity of studies evaluating temporal incidence trends. Objectives: To describe the age-adjusted incidence rates of pediatric VTE and its trend over time in a large pediatric cohort. Methods: A retrospective cohort of all children (ages 1–17 inclusive) with a first time diagnosis of VTE in the province of Quebec, Canada over an eleven-year period, from January 1st, 1994 to December 31st, 2004, was obtained from a comprehensive administrative hospital database (Med-Echo). Quebec census estimates were used to calculate age-standardized incidence rates (IR) of pediatric VTE. The incidence rate trend was then analyzed over the eleven-year study period using Poisson linear regression. Sex differences in incidence rates at the population level stratified by age group as a confounder as well as baseline characteristics of the cases were also evaluated. Results: In total, 487 incident cases of VTE in children 1–17 years of age were documented during the study period. Based on the estimated provincial census person-years during the study period, the age-standardized IR was 0.29 VTE per 10 000 person-years (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.26–0.31). Females overall had a statistically significant higher VTE incidence rate with an incidence rate ratio of 1.75 (95% CI 1.46–2.11) when controlled for age groups, as compared to males. When analyzed by age group, the age-standardized IRs were as follows: 1–5 year olds 0.04 VTE per 10 000 person-years (95% CI 0.03–0.05); 6–10 year olds 0.03 VTE per 10 000 person-years (95% CI 0.02–0.04); 11–14 year olds 0.06 VTE per 10 000 person-years (95% CI 0.05–0.07); 15–17 year olds 0.16 VTE per 10 000 person-years (95% CI 0.14–0.18). Trend analysis of the age-standardized IRs over the 11-year period showed no significant change in incidence rates whether using time as a continuous (yearly) or categorical variable (time-periods). Conclusions: Pediatric VTE is more frequent than previously described, however the rate is stable. As shown by others, children in their late-teen years have a higher risk of VTE than primary school-aged children. Unlike prior studies, females were more prone to VTE than males. Future studies that address sex differences in the incidence of pediatric VTE are needed to help determine effective primary thromboprophylaxis strategies in children at high risk for VTE. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Descriptive epidemiology of pituitary tumors in the United States, 2004–2009

2014 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haley Gittleman ◽  
Quinn T. Ostrom ◽  
Paul D. Farah ◽  
Annie Ondracek ◽  
Yanwen Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Pituitary Tumors ◽  
The United States ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Annual Incidence ◽  
Annual Incidence Rate ◽  
The Us ◽  
Adjusted Incidence

Object Pituitary tumors are abnormal growths that develop in the pituitary gland. The Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States (CBTRUS) contains the largest aggregation of population-based data on the incidence of primary CNS tumors in the US. These data were used to determine the incidence of tumors of the pituitary and associated trends between 2004 and 2009. Methods Using incidence data from 49 population-based state cancer registries, 2004–2009, age-adjusted incidence rates per 100,000 population for pituitary tumors with ICD-O-3 (International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, Third Edition) histology codes 8040, 8140, 8146, 8246, 8260, 8270, 8271, 8272, 8280, 8281, 8290, 8300, 8310, 8323, 9492 (site C75.1 only), and 9582 were calculated overall and by patient sex, race, Hispanic ethnicity, and age at diagnosis. Corresponding annual percent change (APC) scores and 95% confidence intervals were also calculated using Joinpoint to characterize trends in incidence rates over time. Diagnostic confirmation by subregion of the US was also examined. Results The overall annual incidence rate increased from 2.52 (95% CI 2.46–2.58) in 2004 to 3.13 (95% CI 3.07–3.20) in 2009. Associated time trend yielded an APC of 4.25% (95% CI 2.91%–5.61%). When stratifying by patient sex, the annual incidence rate increased from 2.42 (95% CI 2.33–2.50) to 2.94 (95% CI 2.85–3.03) in men and 2.70 (95% CI 2.62–2.79) to 3.40 (95% CI 3.31–3.49) in women, with APCs of 4.35% (95% CI 3.21%–5.51%) and 4.34% (95% CI 2.23%–6.49%), respectively. When stratifying by race, the annual incidence rate increased from 2.31 (95% CI 2.25–2.37) to 2.81 (95% CI 2.74–2.88) in whites, 3.99 (95% CI 3.77–4.23) to 5.31 (95% CI 5.06–5.56) in blacks, 1.77 (95% CI 1.26–2.42) to 2.52 (95% CI 1.96–3.19) in American Indians or Alaska Natives, and 1.86 (95% CI 1.62–2.13) to 2.03 (95% CI 1.80–2.28) in Asians or Pacific Islanders, with APCs of 3.91% (95% CI 2.88%–4.95%), 5.25% (95% CI 3.19%–7.36%), 5.31% (95% CI –0.11% to 11.03%), and 2.40% (95% CI –3.20% to 8.31%), respectively. When stratifying by Hispanic ethnicity, the annual incidence rate increased from 2.46 (95% CI 2.40–2.52) to 3.03 (95% CI 2.97–3.10) in non-Hispanics and 3.12 (95% CI 2.91–3.34) to 4.01 (95% CI 3.80–4.24) in Hispanics, with APCs of 4.15% (95% CI 2.67%–5.65%) and 5.01% (95% CI 4.42%–5.60%), respectively. When stratifying by age at diagnosis, the incidence of pituitary tumor was highest for those 65–74 years old and lowest for those 15–24 years old, with corresponding overall age-adjusted incidence rates of 6.39 (95% CI 6.24–6.54) and 1.56 (95% CI 1.51–1.61), respectively. Conclusions In this large patient cohort, the incidence of pituitary tumors reported between 2004 and 2009 was found to increase. Possible explanations for this increase include changes in documentation, changes in the diagnosis and registration of these tumors, improved diagnostics, improved data collection, increased awareness of pituitary diseases among physicians and the public, longer life expectancies, and/or an actual increase in the incidence of these tumors in the US population.

Incidence trends of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors in the United States from 1975 to 2012.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 231-231
Author(s):  
Mi Ri Lee ◽  
Cynthia Harris ◽  
Kiwoon Joshua Baeg ◽  
Juan P. Wisnivesky ◽  
Michelle Kang Kim
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
The Us ◽  
Population Based Registry ◽  
Adjusted Incidence

231 Background: Although multiple studies document a rise in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (GEP-NET) incidence over the past several decades, there are limited national data regarding recent trends. Using a population-based registry, we evaluated GEP-NET incidence trends in the US population from 1975-2012 by age and calendar year at diagnosis and year of birth. Methods: GEP-NET cases between 1975-2012 were identified from the most recent version of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry based on histologic and site codes. We calculated overall annual incidence, age-adjusted incidence (number of cases per 100,000), annual percent change (APC), and average APC by 5 year age intervals. We also evaluated the incidence rates by age, period, and birth year cohorts. Results: We identified 22,744 patients with GEP-NETs. In adults age 25-39 years, GEP-NET incidence rates declined from the mid 1970s to early 1980s, then increased until 2012 (Table 1). In adults age 40 and older and between ages 15-24 years, incidence rates generally increased continuously from 1975 to 2012. Adults age 40-69 years demonstrated the most rapid increases in average APC, approximately 4-6% per year. Overall incidence rates were highest in adults age 70-84 years. Since the late 1880s, GEP-NET incidence has increased in consecutive birth cohorts. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that more recent generations have had higher incidence rates than more distant generations. In addition, GEP-NETs are more common among older adults and the number of GEP NETs has increased in past decades. [Table: see text]

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