Who Will Benefit From Expanding HPV Vaccination Programs to Boys?

Abstract Indications for human papillomavirus vaccination programs are expanding to boys. However, the rationale behind their inclusion is often not clear. Using a Bayesian synthesis framework and assuming equal vaccine coverage in both sexes, we assessed how the incremental number of cancer cases prevented and life-years gained from boys’ vaccination are distributed between women, heterosexual men, and men who have sex with men (MSM). Below 60% coverage, at least 50% of the gains from boys’ vaccination was attributable to cervical cancer prevention, whereas at 80% coverage, 50% of the gains was attributable to women, 15% to heterosexual men, and 35% to MSM. Above 90% coverage, 85–100% of the gains from boys’ vaccination was attributable to anal and oropharyngeal cancer prevention, mainly in MSM. Sex-neutral vaccination can be advocated on grounds of bolstering herd protection to women and directly protecting men, particularly MSM, with the clinical significance of either argument determined by the coverage.

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Association between sexual mixing and genital warts in heterosexual men in Australia: the herd protection from the female human papillomavirus vaccination program

Sexual Health ◽

10.1071/sh16053 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 489 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Eric P. F. Chow ◽

Christopher K. Fairley

Keyword(s):

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Hpv Vaccination ◽

Health Centre ◽

Genital Warts ◽

Vaccination Program ◽

Heterosexual Men ◽

Heterosexual Couples ◽

Human Papillomavirus Vaccination ◽

Female Partners ◽

Herd Protection

Australian-born women aged ≤32 years were eligible for the free female human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination program introduced in 2007. A total of 1165 heterosexual couples attending the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre between 2011 and 2014 were included in this analysis. Findings showed the odds of having penile warts was 0.52-fold lower among men who had a female partner aged ≤32 years compared with men who had a female partners aged >32 years. This suggests men would have received herd protection from their female partners and hence they are at lower risk of acquiring genital warts.

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Human papillomavirus vaccination and respect for children’s developing autonomy: Results from a European Union wide study

Journal of Child Health Care ◽

10.1177/1367493519852476 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 343-357 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kyriakos Martakis ◽

Denise Alexander ◽

Tamara Schloemer ◽

Mitch Blair ◽

Michael Rigby ◽

...

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Vaccine Coverage ◽

Hpv Vaccination ◽

European Economic Area ◽

Paradigm Change ◽

Human Papillomavirus Vaccination ◽

Vaccination Programs ◽

Coverage Rates ◽

Sex Equity

Children’s rights to autonomy of choice are differently expressed throughout Europe. We explored differences regarding expressions of respect for children’s autonomy throughout Europe, using the procedure of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination offer as indicator. We used a mixed methods approach, utilizing an expert survey within the frame of “Models of Child Health Appraised” (MOCHA), among all 30 European Union (EU) and European Economic Area states. A questionnaire was designed using vignettes regarding the vaccine provision. Thirty MOCHA country agents were invited to respond from June 2017 to April 2018. In total, 28 country agents responded. We studied the following themes: (i) provision of informed consent, (ii) parental and medical paternalism, (iii) relevance of the child’s chronological age or maturity, and (iv) vaccination programs targeting boys. These are being handled differently across the region. We explored associations of these implemented practices with the national vaccine coverage rate across Europe. We used the processes of HPV vaccination to study child’s autonomy, the paradigm change toward libertarian paternalism and issues of sex-equity. Interestingly, greater respect for children’s autonomy tends to be associated with medium or high vaccination coverage rates and lower respect with lower rates. Respect and empowerment seem to have practical as well as moral benefits. Identifying and transferring the most suitable ethical approaches is crucial and should be strengthened.

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Human papillomavirus vaccination: the population impact

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.10691.1 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. 866 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Lai-yang Lee ◽

Suzanne M. Garland

Keyword(s):

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Vaccine Coverage ◽

Cervical Screening ◽

Hpv Vaccination ◽

National Guidelines ◽

Human Papillomavirus Vaccination ◽

Vaccination Programs ◽

Screening Programs ◽

National Immunisation ◽

The Impact

We currently have the knowledge and experience to prevent much of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related disease burden globally. In many countries where prophylactic HPV vaccination programs have been adopted as highly effective public health programs with good vaccine coverage, we are already seeing, in real-world settings, reduction of vaccine-related HPV-type infections, genital warts and cervical pre-cancers with potential reductions in vulvar, vaginal and anal pre-cancers. Moreover, we are seeing a change in cervical screening paradigms, as HPV-based screening programs now have strong evidence to support their use as more sensitive ways to detect underlying cervical abnormalities, as compared with conventional cervical cytology. This article describes the impact of prophylactic vaccination on these outcomes and in settings where these vaccines have been implemented in national immunisation programs. Given the successes seen to date and the availability of essential tools, there has been a global push to ensure that every woman has access to effective cervical screening and every girl has the opportunity for primary prevention through vaccination. A gender-neutral approach by offering vaccination to young boys has also been adopted by some countries and is worthy of consideration given that HPV-related cancers also affect males. Furthermore, vaccination of young boys has the advantage of reducing the risk of HPV transmission to sexual partners, lowering the infectious pool of HPV in the general population and ultimately HPV-related diseases for both genders. Therefore, it is appropriate that all countries consider and promote national guidelines and programs to prevent HPV-related diseases.

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The Shifting Politics of Health in Canada: Papanicolaou (Pap) Screening, Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination, and Cervical Cancer Prevention

The Palgrave Handbook of Gender, Sexuality, and Canadian Politics ◽

10.1007/978-3-030-49240-3_24 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 485-506

Author(s):

Jessica Polzer ◽

Laura Cayen ◽

Monica Molinaro

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Cancer Prevention ◽

Hpv Vaccination ◽

Cervical Cancer Prevention ◽

Pap Screening

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Knowledge of Health Care Providers on HPV Related Issues in Cervical Cancer

Journal of Bangladesh College of Physicians and Surgeons ◽

10.3329/jbcps.v29i4.11329 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 213-218

Author(s):

F Hussain ◽

MS Flora ◽

K Nahar ◽

M Khan

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Cervical Cancer ◽

Cancer Prevention ◽

Health Care Providers ◽

Hpv Vaccination ◽

Cervical Cancer Prevention ◽

Care Providers ◽

Before And After ◽

Post Test ◽

Cancer Prevention Program

Background: The field of cervical cancer prevention is rapidly evolving because of identification of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) as the necessary cause of disease. HPV vaccines are now in the market. For successful triggering of cervical cancer prevention program, HPV informations should be communicated to health care providers whose understanding about HPV has lagged behind the scientific and technical advances.Objective: The objective of this intervention study was to identify gap and educate health care providers delivering services to women and adolescents in Medical Colleges on HPV related issues and vaccination.Methods: The study was done from July 2007 to June 2008 where 3 advocacy workshops were conducted. The knowledge level of 106 participants were assessed before and after intervention. Updated informations about HPV and vaccine was given to participants as intervention.Results: Wide knowledge gap was identified among participants on HPV related insues, but significant improvement was observed following intervention. The pretest and post test score of knowledge was 28.09 and 38.60 respectively showing an average increase of 10 after intervention.Conclusions: HPV education should be extensively disseminated to health care providers to obtain public health benefits of HPV vaccination program. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v29i4.11329 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2011; 29: 213-218

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Cost-effectiveness of a bivalent human papillomavirus vaccination program in Japan

Sexual Health ◽

10.1071/sh14241 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 520 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Luke B. Connelly ◽

Ha N. D. Le

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Cost Effectiveness ◽

Screening Program ◽

Vaccine Coverage ◽

Precancerous Lesions ◽

Hpv Vaccination ◽

Vaccination Program ◽

Human Papillomavirus Vaccination ◽

The Cost

Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines and their widespread adoption have the potential to relieve a large part of the burden of cervical cancer morbidity and mortality, particularly in countries that have low screening rates or, like Japan, lack a cohesive universal screening program. An economic evaluation was conducted to assess the cost-effectiveness of introducing a bivalent HPV vaccination program in Japan from a healthcare perspective. Methods: A Markov model of the natural history of HPV infection that incorporates both vaccination and screening was developed for Japan. The modelled intervention, a bivalent HPV vaccine with a 100% lifetime vaccine efficacy and 80% vaccine coverage, given to a cohort of 12-year-old Japanese girls in conjunction with the current screening program, was compared with screening alone in terms of costs and effectiveness. A discount rate of 5% was applied to both costs and utilities where relevant. Results: Vaccination alongside screening compared with screening alone is associated with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of US$20 315 per quality-adjusted-life-year gained if 80% coverage is assumed. The ICER at 5% coverage with the vaccine plus screening, compared with screening alone, is US$1158. Conclusion: The cost-effectiveness results suggest that the addition of a HPV vaccination program to Japan’s cervical cancer screening program is highly likely to prove a cost-effective way to reduce the burden of cervical cancer, precancerous lesions and HPV16/18-related diseases.

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Population Impact of Girls-Only Human Papillomavirus 16/18 Vaccination in The Netherlands: Cross-Protective and Second-Order Herd Effects

Clinical Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/cid/ciaa1770 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Joske Hoes ◽

Petra J Woestenberg ◽

Johannes A Bogaards ◽

Audrey J King ◽

Hester E de Melker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Papillomavirus ◽

The Netherlands ◽

Hpv Vaccination ◽

Population Level ◽

Second Order ◽

Vaccine Uptake ◽

Heterosexual Men ◽

Hpv 16 ◽

Vaccination Programs ◽

Hpv Types

Abstract Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination programs achieve substantial population-level impact, with effects extending beyond protection of vaccinated individuals. We assessed trends in HPV prevalence up to 8 years postvaccination among men and women in the Netherlands, where bivalent HPV vaccination, targeting HPV types 16/18, has been offered to (pre)adolescent girls since 2009 with moderate vaccination coverage. Methods We used data from the PASSYON study, a survey initiated in 2009 (prevaccination) and repeated biennially among 16- to 24-year-old visitors of sexual health centers. We studied genital HPV positivity from 2009 to 2017 among women, heterosexual men, and unvaccinated women using Poisson generalized estimating equation models, adjusted for individual- and population-level confounders. Trends were studied for 25 HPV types detected by the SPF10-LiPA25 platform. Results A total of 6354 women (64.7% self-reported unvaccinated) and 2414 heterosexual men were included. Percentual declines in vaccine types HPV-16/18 were observed for all women (12.6% per year [95% confidence interval {CI}, 10.6–14.5]), heterosexual men (13.0% per year [95% CI, 8.3–17.5]), and unvaccinated women (5.4% per year [95% CI, 2.9–7.8]). We observed significant declines in HPV-31 (all women and heterosexual men), HPV-45 (all women), and in all high-risk HPV types pooled (all women and heterosexual men). Significant increases were observed for HPV-56 (all women) and HPV-52 (unvaccinated women). Conclusions Our results provide evidence for first-order herd effects among heterosexual men against HPV-16/18 and cross-protective types. Additionally, we show second-order herd effects against vaccine types among unvaccinated women. These results are promising regarding population-level and clinical impact of girls-only bivalent HPV vaccination in a country with moderate vaccine uptake.

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