#39: Streptococcus anginosus Group Infections in Children: A Retrospective Cohort Study, 2015–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S6-S6
Author(s):  
O Amin ◽  
O Smith ◽  
F Berkowitz ◽  
T Lyon ◽  
C Kao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Streptococcus Anginosus ◽  
Streptococcus Constellatus ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Polymicrobial Infections

Abstract Background Infections attributed to the Streptococcus anginosus group (SAG), which includes Streptococcus anginosus, Streptococcus constellatus, and Streptococcus intermedius, have varying clinical presentations. SAG infections are difficult to identify initially, and members of the group may require different management strategies. Methods A retrospective review of SAG-positive cultures from January 2015, to September 2019, was conducted to describe the demographic, clinical, and laboratory features including the site of infection, antibiotic susceptibility, management, and clinical outcome. Results We identified 561 patients [median age 11.3, interquartile range (IQR) 7.1–14.9 years, male:female ratio 3:2, non-Hispanic–non-Latino 454 (81%), White 279 (49%)]. Thirty-nine (7%) had at least one underlying condition. Of these, inflammatory bowel disease 15 (39%), diabetes 7 (18%), immunodeficiency 5 (13%). SAG was found in exudate, fluid, or aspirate (537/561, 96%), blood (11/561, 2%), and tissue (11/561, 2%) samples; 388 (69%) were polymicrobial infections. The most common site of infection was intra-abdominal (175, 31%), followed by neck/odontogenic (114. 20%) and genitourinary tract (66, 12%). The median length of stay was 6 days (IQR 3–10 days) and was statistically significantly longer for patients with blood, central nervous system, and pulmonary infections compared with soft tissue and upper respiratory tract infections (P < 0.001). Beta-lactams were the most commonly used antibiotics (38%), followed by clindamycin (30 %) (see Figure for antibiotic susceptibility results) and 33 (56%) patients received combination therapy. We did not observe any SAG attributed to mortality. Conclusions In our retrospective cohort, SAG infections were more commonly identified in males, were associated with abscess formation, and presented as polymicrobial infections. Children with underlying comorbidities are more likely to present with systemic SAG infections. SAG-associated infections can be variable in presentation site and severity and should be considered as pathogens when managing patients.

scholarly journals Urinary manifestations in African American and Caucasian inflammatory bowel disease patients: a retrospective cohort study

BMC Urology ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jake Herbert ◽  
Emily Teeter ◽  
Landen Shane Burstiner ◽  
Ralfi Doka ◽  
Amor Royer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Tertiary Healthcare ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), like ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), are associated with urinary extra-intestinal manifestations, like urolithiasis and uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs). The literature reviewed for this study identifies an increased association of CD and urolithiasis against the general population as well as UC. Furthermore, the rates in which urinary comorbidities manifest have not been well characterized in cross-race analyses. The purpose of this study is to establish the prevalence of common urinary extra-intestinal manifestations in CD and UC and to further determine at what rate these affect the African American and Caucasian populations. Methodology This is a retrospective cohort study using de-identified data collected from a research data base that included 6 integrated facilities associated with one tertiary healthcare center from 2012 to 2019. The electronic chart records for 3104 Caucasian and African American IBD patients were reviewed for frequency of urolithiasis and uncomplicated UTI via diagnosed ICD-10 codes. Comparison between data groups was made using multivariate regressions, t-tests, and chi square tests. Results Our study included 3104 patients of which 59% were female, 38% were African American, and 43% were diagnosed with UC. Similar proportions of UC and CD diagnosed patients developed urolithiasis (6.0% vs 6.7%, p = 0.46), as well as uncomplicated UTIs (15.6% vs. 14.9%, p = 0.56). Similar proportions of African American and Caucasian patients developed urolithiasis (5.4% vs 7.0%, p = 0.09), but a higher proportion of African Americans developed uncomplicated UTIs (19.4% vs 12.6%, p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion We found similar rates of urolithiasis formation in both UC and CD in this study. Furthermore, these rates were not significantly different between African American and Caucasian IBD populations. This suggests that UC patients have an elevated risk of urolithiasis formation as those patients with CD. Additionally, African Americans with IBD have a higher frequency of uncomplicated UTI as compared to their Caucasian counterparts.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Susceptibility Profiling of Gram-Negative Bacteria Causing Upper Respiratory Tract Infections in Hyderabad, Sindh

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
Ghulam Maka ◽  
Samreen Shah ◽  
Shaista Bano ◽  
Sarfraz Ali Tunio
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Tract Infections

Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are important clinical problems and among the commonest infectious diseases throughout the world. Several factors including gender, age and season have been shown to influence the prevalence rates of RTIs. The current study aimed to isolate and identify bacteria causing of upper respiratory tract (URT) infections and to determine the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of the isolated bacteria. A total of 201 sputum and swab samples were collected from patients from August 2015 to March 2016 and investigated for Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria. The antibiotic sensitivity of isolated bacteria was performed using Kirby Bauer Disc diffusion method. Isolation and identification of the bacteria were carried out using conventional methods including microscopic, cultural and biochemical testing. Out of 201 samples, 29.85% (n=60) yielded bacterial growth in which 20.9% (n=42) belonged to male while 8.96% (n=18) were from female patients. Among the isolates, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most frequent bacteria accounting 48.33% (n=29), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae 45% (n=27) and E. coli 6.67% (n=04). The data of antibiotic susceptibility profiling demonstrated that Cefoperazone sulbactam, Meropenem, Piperacillin Tazobactam and Amikacin were highly effective against all isolated bacteria. However, Ampicillin, Cephradine, Ofloxacin and Co-trimoxazole were found the least effective antibiotics against all isolated bacteria. In summary, an increasing trend in the resistance against antibiotics which are more frequently prescribed, such as Cephradine, Ampicillin and Co-trimoxazole was observed. Therefore, a continuous surveillance of antibiotic resistance trends of pathogens is needed to ensure appropriate recommendations for the treatment of the URTIs.

scholarly journals Trend of antibiotic susceptibility of Streptococcus pyogenes isolated from respiratory tract infections in tertiary care hospital in south Karnataka

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anupam Berwal ◽  
Kiran Chawla ◽  
Seema Shetty ◽  
Ashu Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Tract Infections

Background and Objectives: Streptococcus pyogenes is recognized as an important pathogen of respiratory tract infections. The rapidly, emerging problem of antibiotic resistant Streptococcus pyogenes is a major issue nowadays. The present study aimed to evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility of Streptococcus pyogenes isolated from upper respiratory tract infections in tertiary care hospital of south Karnataka. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted over a period of two years. The specimens were processed by Gram staining and aerobic culture. The bacteria were isolated as per standard protocols. The minimum inhibitory values and extent of antibiotic resistance of commonly used antimicrobials were analysed for the isolated strains. Results: A total of 2123 specimens were received from patients with respiratory tract infections, among which, 50 Strep- tococcus pyogenes isolates were obtained. Out of these, 8% were not sensitive to penicillin. Using VITEK 2 system, the prevalence of resistances to cefotaxime, erythromycin, tetracycline, levofloxacin, clindamycin and ceftriaxone were 4.2%, 83%, 51%, 8.9%, 40% and 5.3% respectively. Conclusion: It is important to know about the prevalence of resistance and rising MIC values of commonly used antibiotics regarding Streptococcus pyogenes to avoid therapeutic failures.

Clinical Implications of Preseptal (Periorbital) Cellulitis in Childhood

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 1006-1009
Author(s):  
Thomas F. Smith ◽  
Dennis O'Day ◽  
Peter F. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Orbital Cellulitis ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Preseptal Cellulitis ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Local Trauma ◽  
Appropriate Therapy ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Insect Bites

The available hospital records of all pediatric patients diagnosed as having periorbital, preseptal or orbital cellulitis over a five-year period were reviewed and compared to previously reported series. Only two of 39 patients had orbital cellulitis. The 37 patients with preseptal cellulitis had two characteristic clinical presentations. Twenty-two children had local trauma, abscesses, insect bites, or impetigo as the inciting event for their cellulitis. Infection was usually caused by staphylococci or streptococci. In contrast, 15 children, 12 of whom were under 36 months, had associated upper respiratory tract infections and otitis. Haemophilus influenzae was the most commonly implicated pathogen and the children were at risk of bacteremia and metastastic infection. Determination of the location of the infection in the orbit and consideration of the clinical presentation of the patient with infection in and about the orbit are of assistance in choosing appropriate therapy. Young children who have upper respiratory tract symptoms in association with preseptal cellulitis should receive antibiotic coverage for Haemophilus.

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