scholarly journals Price review arbitration in the Asian LNG markets—‘‘The times they are a-changin’’

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Talus
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Price Review ◽  
Basic Conclusion ◽  
The Times ◽  
Gas Price

Abstract This article will focus on price review clauses in Asian LNG markets from the point of view of price review arbitration and the jurisdiction of the tribunal. The basic conclusion reach is that there is no simple answer but that various considerations speak in favour of establishing the jurisdiction of arbitral tribunals in respect of gas prices. The background to the article is a number of gas price arbitrations that have been initiated in Asian markets and the assumption that these early cases will be followed by many more. One of the questions raised in this context is jurisdiction of the tribunal.

Graphic design practice of an image for the Chinese character for "鼓 Drum"

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
POHSUN WANG
Keyword(s):  
Design Thinking ◽  
Chinese Character ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Learning Design ◽  
Design Practice ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Artistic Value ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Times

Basic shape is one of the most important components of the learning design process. Using Western design thinking to understand shape, color and composition layout and attempting to reinterpret the application of traditional calligraphy from a design point of view—whether it is the expression of form or the meaning of content—are both important aspects of design thinking. The writing patterns of traditional calligraphy and the design creation of modern experiments may have different biases. If the artistic value of "the brush and ink of the time" is compared to the science and technology of innovation as the main appeal, the expressiveness of the traditional writing mode is obviously difficult to achieve. Using science and technology as an option for design creation is a difficult way to proceed; however, technology, ideas and thinking can still be in sync with the cultural issues of an entire era. This is also the test of the times to which contemporary creations are subjected. There are infinite possibilities for development, and it is worthwhile to explore these possibilities together with artistic aspirants. On the other hand, if we follow the well-beaten path of the status quo, the creativity of traditional calligraphic art will wither, it will deviate from the larger environment of the era in which it operates, and it will inevitably be neglected and pushed out by other art categories. The design and creation process uses the traditional calligraphy characters and drums as the theme, assisted by digital tools in the creation, and finally transforms the traditional calligraphy visual form into an expression of the art of science and technology.

LOGICAL FATALISM AS A PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURE OF THE ARCHETYPE OF DARGINTS

Globus ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Bagandova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Folk Art ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Psychological Feature ◽  
The People ◽  
The Times

This study is devoted to the study of the features of the archetype of the Dargins, the formation of which dates back to the times of paganism and, which was imprinted by both religious ideas and historical events that had a significant impact on the worldview and worldview of the people. This work is the first attempt to analyze the archetype of the Dargins from the point of view of its inherent fatalism on the basis of proverbs, sayings and legends of the Dargin people, which represent the wealth of oral folk art and reflect the specifics of the psychological formation of the people that have been taking shape for millennia

scholarly journals Books about postdramatic theatre

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-171
Author(s):  
Vera V. Kotelevskaya
Keyword(s):  
Aesthetic Experience ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Transformative Power ◽  
Binary Oppositions ◽  
Per Se ◽  
The Spectator ◽  
The Times ◽  
Radical Theatre ◽  
Bodily Contact ◽  
Self Reference

The review considers three books on post-dramatic theatre (in various studies it is also called anti-mimetic, radical, post-modern theatre, metatheatre, etc.). Different concepts of post-dramatic theatre are brought together by what may be considered as experiments per se, overcoming or problematizing genre and media boundaries, neutralizing binary oppositions, such as subject – object, playwright – director, platform – hall, actor – character, etc. I analyze the concept of H.-T. Lehmann (“Postdramatic theatre: 1999), who argues concerning the main feature of the “radical theatre” in weakening the connection with the text of the play, “re-theatricalization”, and rejection of the mimesis. For E. Fischer-Lichte (“Ästhetik des Performativen”, 2004 / “The Transformative Power of Performance: A New Aesthetics”, 2008), the main feature of the newest theatre is “performativity” – the production of aesthetic meaning within the event of a performance, and not in the perception of an artifact by an observing subject. The criteria for the so called “performative turn” in drama and theatre, which, according to Fischer-Lichte, are self-reference, materiality, bodily contact, the liminality of aesthetic experience, and the transformation of the spectator. The neoconservative point of view of G. Stadelmaier (“Director’s Theatre. On the Scenes of the Spirit of the Times”, 2016), which expresses nostalgia for the tradition, is considered as polemic in respect to the innovations of the post-drama

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE STUDY OF VARIATIONAL CHAOS INDICATORS AND ODEs' NUMERICAL INTEGRATORS

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1230033 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. DARRIBA ◽  
N. P. MAFFIONE ◽  
P. M. CINCOTTA ◽  
C. M. GIORDANO
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Technique ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
General System ◽  
Detailed Comparison ◽  
Dynamical Problem ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Numerical Integrators ◽  
Fast Lyapunov Indicator ◽  
The Times

The reader can find in the literature a lot of different techniques to study the dynamics of a given system and also, many suitable numerical integrators to compute them. Notwithstanding the recent work of [Maffione et al., 2011b] for mappings, a detailed comparison among the widespread indicators of chaos in a general system is still lacking. Such a comparison could lead to select the most efficient algorithms given a certain dynamical problem. Furthermore, in order to choose the appropriate numerical integrators to compute them, more comparative studies among numerical integrators are also needed. This work deals with both problems. We first extend the work of [Maffione et al., 2011b] for mappings to the 2D [Hénon & Heiles, 1964] potential, and compare several variational indicators of chaos: the Lyapunov Indicator (LI); the Mean Exponential Growth Factor of Nearby Orbits (MEGNO); the Smaller Alignment Index (SALI) and its generalized version, the Generalized Alignment Index (GALI); the Fast Lyapunov Indicator (FLI) and its variant, the Orthogonal Fast Lyapunov Indicator (OFLI); the Spectral Distance (D) and the Dynamical Spectra of Stretching Numbers (SSNs). We also include in the record the Relative Lyapunov Indicator (RLI), which is not a variational indicator as the others. Then, we test a numerical technique to integrate Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) based on the Taylor method implemented by [Jorba & Zou, 2005] (called taylor), and we compare its performance with other two well-known efficient integrators: the [Prince & Dormand, 1981] implementation of a Runge–Kutta of order 7–8 (DOPRI8) and a Bulirsch–Stöer implementation. These tests are run under two very different systems from the complexity of their equations point of view: a triaxial galactic potential model and a perturbed 3D quartic oscillator. We first show that a combination of the FLI/OFLI, the MEGNO and the GALI 2N succeeds in describing in detail most of the dynamical characteristics of a general Hamiltonian system. In the second part, we show that the precision of taylor is better than that of the other integrators tested, but it is not well suited to integrate systems of equations which include the variational ones, like in the computing of almost all the preceeding indicators of chaos. The result which induces us to draw this conclusion is that the computing times spent by taylor are far greater than the times consumed by the DOPRI8 and the Bulirsch–Stöer integrators in such cases. On the other hand, the package is very efficient when we only need to integrate the equations of motion (both in precision and speed), for instance to study the chaotic diffusion. We also notice that taylor attains a greater precision on the coordinates than either the DOPRI8 or the Bulirsch–Stöer.

Gas price reviews in long-term contracts—past, present, and future

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 493
Author(s):  
Craig Langford
Keyword(s):  
Market Price ◽  
Future Price ◽  
The Past ◽  
Price Review ◽  
Gas Market ◽  
Current Price ◽  
Legal Concepts ◽  
Commercial Landscape ◽  
Gas Price

Price reviews in long-term gas contracts have been part of the commercial landscape in the Australian gas market. Any industry senior executive who has been heavily involved in a gas price review, in particular a review involving a gas arbitration, usually asks themselves at the end of the process if a better way exists. How can gas price reviews be improved is the basis of this extended abstract. Analysis of the past, present and future gas price reviews assists this objective. The past considers the historical nature and the commercial philosophy of price reviews addresses questions such as: Why do we need them? What price is a price review trying to establish? What is a market price in the Australian gas market context? Do price reviews determine present or future prices ? The present considers current price reviews, covering topics such as what’s good and bad practice in today’s price reviews, including the arbitration process. The future looks issues such as the role and importance of price reviews in the next 10 years, what’s needed to make gas price reviews obsolete, how do price reviews work in a transitional market with both Australian and US oil-linked-contract prices under review and better commercial and legal concepts for future price reviews.

The dawn of LNG price reviews in Asia Pacific

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 588
Author(s):  
Edward van Geuns
Keyword(s):  
Oil Prices ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
New Wave ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Price Review ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Legal Challenges ◽  
Gas Price

LNG is often sold under long-term contracts with strong volume commitments from both sides, and a cost linked to the oil price. In volatile commodity markets, parties are under pressure to try to review the price under the agreement, either on the basis of price review clauses, hardship clauses, or by relying on general legal principles. This leads to great commercial and legal challenges for both buyers and sellers. The experience in Europe with gas price reviews can be a source of knowledge for companies on how to deal with price reviews. Long-term gas contracts in Europe also used to be linked to oil prices. This led to a great number of price reviews when oil prices started to soar as of 2005. After that, a new wave of price reviews arose when gas prices decoupled from oil prices in 2009. European gas companies are still dealing with the resolution of those reviews. On the basis of a number of case studies, this extended abstract sets out the key points that have been learned from a decade of price reviews in Europe with a focuses on practical advice for commercial and legal decision makers. It discusses how negotiations on price reviews are best approached; whether parties should voluntarily disclose confidential information about prices (also in view of competition law), and how arbitrators deal with a gas price review.

scholarly journals Controlled thawing of foods

2000 ◽  
Vol 18 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 194-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Hoke ◽  
L. Klíma ◽  
R. Grée ◽  
M. Houška
Keyword(s):  
Power Level ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Similar Process ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
The Times ◽  
Mean Time

The various ways of thawing of model food made for comparison of these processes from point of view of duration. The experiments were conducted under condition that the surface temperature of the thawed food did not overcome 15°C. Shortest mean time of thawing was achieved for vacuum-steam thawing. Regarding to the regime chosen the time of thawing varied between 18.4–29 min. The similar process of vacuum thawing with steam generated from hot water placed below the food was also successful. For this process the mean time of thawing was predicted between 30.5 and 35 min. If the starting temperature of the water was below the boiling point at vacuum level in the chamber the time of thawing was much longer (about 49 min). For hot air thawing we have tested two regimes with temperature of air 50 and 70°C. For both air temperatures the times of thawing were similar being 52.1 and 53.6 min, respectively. Microwave thawing was depending on the power of microwave oven. The time of thawing was achieved 28.9 min at power level 1, at power level “thawing” the process duration was 34.4 min.

scholarly journals About Nusantara Architecture: a Matter of Either-or or Both-and toward Place for Better Living in the Humid Tropic

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Prijotomo
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Climate System ◽  
The Other ◽  
The West ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Tropical Areas ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Times ◽  
Natural Climate ◽  
Modern Era

<p>‘Space’ and ‘Better living’ are continuing issues and discourse in architecture. It covers as large as philosophical to practical ones. We may find, for instance, issues in space as one of construction of mind in one extreme, and space as one of volume in certain magnitude at its other extreme. In terms of better living we may also find similar extremes. We may also find that since the times of modern era, space is practically considered as volume of certain magnitude, as is exemplified in a number of standards of areas needed for particular activity;<br />while in terms of better living the focus is in comfort that should be provided in particular room. Unfortunately, we –the Indonesians-- hardly aware and realize that they are not only of western sources, but more importantly, of western mindset. Since they are beautifully and neatly concealed under one objectivity of mind and reason, science, most of us know and accept them as the objective and correct standards. The fact that the West (ie. Europe and North America) are region with four seasons climate system has unavoidably underlies the building of those standards and knowledge. Indonesia and other tropical areas of the world is not region in such a four seasons climate system; it is in a two seasons climate system. This two climate seasons is not simply a variant of climate system; it is of ‘the other’ climate system, as will be demonstrated in this paper. Hence, we may consider this paper as talking about space for better living’ from the point of view of climate system.</p><p>The clock remains ticking, While the ideals of having architecture that serves better living is always at hand, we are confronted with the question whose living: the wealthy few or every single people, the elite or the common and the elite people. To the four season climate system, living with artificial climate is not incorrect; even the attitude of taking aside the climate is understandable. To the two season climate system, living with natural climate is also not incorrect; and the attitude of optimizing the natural climate is understandable. These two climate system is fundamentally different, and it must be a fatal mistake and fundamental incorrectness to deal with one as a variant of the other. The fact that our knowledge in two season climate system is very poor, that does not mean that this system be discarded.</p><p>The call for architecture for better living is demanding a definite respond: a denial (and ultimately, elimination) of two season climate system, or an equal, yet distinct, both two and four season climate system. The former is quite easy while the latter requires hard work. The former will make architecture in Indonesia serves the wealthy few, while the latter will serves the whole people of Indonesia.</p>

scholarly journals General-Conceptual Aspects Regarding the Modernization of Motor Action Theory in Sport

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 162-167
Author(s):  
Veaceslav Manolachi ◽  
Nicolai Vizitei ◽  
Victor Manolachi
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Action Theory ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Conceptual Level ◽  
Motor Action ◽  
Anthropological Approach ◽  
Important Object ◽  
The Times ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Sports Sciences

The motor action is the most important object of study in the sports sciences, where most of the times is analyzed in terms of positivism. It is found that such an analysis is generally constructive; however on the general-conceptual level is insufficient. The philosophical-anthropological approach, where the motor action is researched as a human act performed on a large scale is much more appropriate. This approach allows studying the basic particularities of the motor action, where in the sports sciences, usually remain out of the way of researcher attention: the spontaneity of the motor activity, the ethical character of the space where the motor action is performed, etc. In the article, the opinion on the necessity and possibility of the modernization of sports sciences is argued from philosophical-anthropological approach point of view.

scholarly journals MUJERES LAICAS Y EJERCICIOS ESPIRITUALES. ESTUDIO DE CASO: PRIMERA COMUNIDAD DE VIDA CRISTIANA DE ADULTOS EN CHILE (1975-2015). UNA LECTURA DESDE LA PERSPECTIVA DE GÉNERO

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 297
Author(s):  
Virginia Raquel Azcuy
Keyword(s):  
Life Histories ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Spiritual Exercises ◽  
Christian Life ◽  
Ignatian Spirituality ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Vatican Council ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
The Times ◽  
Estudio De Caso

RESUMEN: Este artículo busca socializar algunos resultados de una investigación teológica, realizada con la mediación del método cualitativo y el enfoque del estudio de caso, que se propuso abordar el testimonio de un conjunto de mujeres laicas pertenecientes a la primera Comunidad de Vida Cristiana de adultos en Chile o vinculadas con ellas por medio de los Ejercicios Espirituales. La investigación ha sido realizada en el marco del Centro Teológico Manuel Larraín – Pontificia Uni­versidad Católica de Chile/Universidad Alberto Hurtado, como parte del programa Teología de los signos de los tiempos. Este texto busca profundizar la relación entre algunos contenidos de verdad propuestos por el Concilio Vaticano II –la Iglesia, la renovación de la vida religiosa, los laicos y el servicio a los pobres– y la vida de la Iglesia, en concreto, de una iglesia local. La lectura incluye una perspectiva de género por ser las mujeres un sujeto eclesiológico emergente en el posconcilio y contribuye a una exploración de la recepción conciliar desde este foco de atención. En el marco de la creciente colaboración entre jesuitas y laicos en la Compañía de Jesús en las últimas décadas, se propone una reflexión teológica a partir de his­torias de vida en relación con la experiencia y la transmisión de la espiritualidad de los Ejercicios. Los relatos elegidos muestran la interrelación existente entre el acompañamiento en los Ejercicios Espirituales por parte de jesuitas y laicos o laicas, las Comunidades de Vida Cristiana (CVX), el Centro de Espiritualidad Ignaciana (CEI) y diversas obras apostólicas. SUMMARY: This article seeks to facilitate some results of a theological research that was proposed to address the witness of laywomen belonging to the first Adult Christian Life Community in Chile and other women linked with them through Spiritual Exercises. This research was carried out through qualitative method and case study approach. It has been undertaken as part of the program Theology of the signs of the times, within the framework of Manuel Larraín Theological Center-Pontifical Catholic University of Chile and Alberto Hurtado University. This text looks for a deepening between the relationship of certain elements of truth proposed by the Second Vatican Council –Church, the renewal of religious life, laity and the service to the poor– and the life of the Church, particularly the local Church. The reading includes a gender perspective because women can be considered as an emerging ecclesiological subject in the post-Vatican II and it helps to explore the reception of this council from this point of view. It is proposed a theological reflection, based on life histories in relation to the experience and the transmission of the spirituality of the Exercises, within the framework of the growing collaboration between Jesuits and laity in the Society of Jesus in the last decades. The chosen narratives show the interrelation between the spiritual accompaniment offered by Jesuits and laity in the Spiritual Exercises, the Christian Life Communi­ties (CLC), the Center of Ignatian Spirituality (CEI) and various apostolic works. 

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