How (not) to train the brain

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Raz ◽  
Sheida Rabipour
Keyword(s):  
Training Programs ◽  
Brain Training ◽  
Mental Performance ◽  
Training Techniques ◽  
Cognitive Power ◽  
The Brain

How (Not) to Train the Brain offers a scientifically honest account of brain training. It demolishes unfounded claims often made for brain training programs, offering instead useful, proven, methods for improving mental performance and capacity. It reviews the apps, books, and other products that have emerged in recent years claiming to boost cognitive power and focus emotion, destroying well-established myths and misconceptions about the brain. It offers alternative, easily implementable techniques, including a list of commercially available products that readers may wish to consider. This title includes interviews with leading experts and practitioners working with different brain training and mental optimization approaches. These interviews provide unique insights into the foundations and development of brain training techniques.

scholarly journals Hypoxic training as a way of the human brain protection from the damaging effects of oxygen deficiency

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Eroshenko ◽  
N. V. Kochubejnik ◽  
D. V. Shatov ◽  
S. M. Groshilin ◽  
V. N. Sklyarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Alpha Rhythm ◽  
Oxygen Deficiency ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Brain Protection ◽  
Mental Performance ◽  
Hypoxic Training ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Integral Indicator ◽  
Damaging Effects

Objective:to evaluate the possibilities of normobaric hypoxic training (NHT) in the human brain protection from the damaging effects of oxygen defciency.Materials and methods:the study involved 18 men, aged 19-23 years, who underwent NHT: 15 treatments daily 2-hour stay in a hypoxic gas medium (HGM) having an oxygen content 15.0 ± 0.5% (HGM-15). Beforestarting the NHT (I phase), and afer 1-2 days afer its closure (II stage) were carried hypoxic samples (staying in HGM-15) before and during which the subjects were recorded the electroencephalogram (EEG) and mental performance were evaluated (the «Route» test).Results:when the frst hypoxic test was carried out, the subjects had a decrease in the alpha-rhythm index (on average by 10-15 %, p = 0.013) and its amplitude (by 10-12 %, p = 0.044) compared to the usual environmental conditions. At the same time, the share of low-amplitude slow waves increased (p = 0.019). Te integral indicator of the «Route» test during staying of the subjects in the HGM-15 decreased on average by 18% compared to the usual conditions (p <0.001). Te obtained data testifed about negative influence of staying in HGM -15 on the functioning of the higher parts of the brain. Afer carrying out NHT, all subjects showed a signifcant reduction in the negative reactions of spontaneous EEG to hypoxia: when the sample was repeated, the alpha-rhythm index and its amplitude did not change signifcantly (in comparison with air breathing), signs of excessive slow wave activity were absent. Reduction of the integral indicator of mental performance when staying in HGM-15 amounted to an average of only 6%.Conclusions:NHT in the developed regime is an effective means of the brain protection from the damaging effect of oxygen defciency and can be used in the system of physiological training of specialists to perform tasks of activity in conditions of reduced partial pressure of oxygen.

scholarly journals The aging mind: neuroplasticity in response to cognitive training

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-119 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Neural Plasticity ◽  
Cognitive Effort ◽  
Aging Brain ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Training Techniques ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Strategy Change ◽  
The Brain

Is it possible to enhance neural and cognitive function with cognitive training techniques? Can we delay age-related decline in cognitive function with interventions and stave off Alzheimer's disease? Does an aged brain really have the capacity to change in response to stimulation? In the present paper, we consider the neuroplasticity of the aging brain, that is, the brain's ability to increase capacity in response to sustained experience. We argue that, although there is some neural deterioration that occurs with age, the brain has the capacity to increase neural activity and develop neural scaffolding to regulate cognitive function. We suggest that increase in neural volume in response to cognitive training or experience is a clear indicator of change, but that changes in activation in response to cognitive training may be evidence of strategy change rather than indicative of neural plasticity. We note that the effect of cognitive training is surprisingly durable over time, but that the evidence that training effects transfer to other cognitive domains is relatively limited. We review evidence which suggests that engagement in an environment that requires sustained cognitive effort may facilitate cognitive function.

Modern Pedagogy Tools in Engineering Education

2020 ◽  
pp. 78-86
Author(s):  
J. Srinivas
Keyword(s):  
Pedagogical Content Knowledge ◽  
Engineering Education ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge ◽  
Teaching Approaches ◽  
Pedagogical Content ◽  
Training Techniques ◽  
Teacher Training Programs ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
And Training

Engineering pedagogical techniques have received wide attention in recent times. Various fields of engineering have acquainted with progressive teaching methods and training techniques. The concept of pedagogy now has different dimensions. Along with modern challenges in industries, the teaching approaches have been modified in several respects. Earlier teacher training programs are to be upgraded with modern pedagogical concepts. This chapter brings out an introduction and a few application courses following the pedagogical engineering approaches. The concepts of technological pedagogical content knowledge and constructive pedagogy are summarized.

scholarly journals Rose Mentioned in the Works of Scientists of the Medieval East and Implications in Modern Science

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701200
Author(s):  
K. Hüsnü Can Başer
Keyword(s):  
Brain Function ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Rosa Damascena ◽  
Ibn Sina ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Cognitive Power ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Ancient Texts

Fragrant roses (e.g., Rosa damascena, R.gallica, R. centifolia) have been mentioned in ancient texts written by scientists of the Medieval East such as Al-Kindi (9th CE), Al-Dinawari (9th CE), Rhazes (9th CE), Az-Zahrawi (10th CE), Ibn Sina (11th CE), Al-Mizza (14th CE), and Ad-Dimasqi (14th CE). The great physician Ibn Sina emphasized the beneficial effects of rose fragrance on the heart and the brain. He praised rose water's effects on mind and spirit, and its beneficial effects on brain function and cognitive power. Modern studies have provided scientific evidence for this information.

scholarly journals Reverse hierarchies and sensory learning

2008 ◽  
Vol 364 (1515) ◽  
pp. 285-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merav Ahissar ◽  
Mor Nahum ◽  
Israel Nelken ◽  
Shaul Hochstein
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Perceptual Learning ◽  
Special Populations ◽  
Hierarchy Theory ◽  
Training Techniques ◽  
Sensory Learning ◽  
Perceptual Representations ◽  
The Brain

Revealing the relationships between perceptual representations in the brain and mechanisms of adult perceptual learning is of great importance, potentially leading to significantly improved training techniques both for improving skills in the general population and for ameliorating deficits in special populations. In this review, we summarize the essentials of reverse hierarchy theory for perceptual learning in the visual and auditory modalities and describe the theory's implications for designing improved training procedures, for a variety of goals and populations.

scholarly journals A Comparison between Emergency Medicine Residency Training Programs in the United States and Saudi Arabia from the Residents’ Perception

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Alghamdi ◽  
Abdulaziz Alburaih ◽  
Mary Jo Wagner
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Emergency Medicine ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Residency Training ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Training Techniques ◽  
Academic Activities ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Strongly Agree

Objectives. This study was designed to compare the trainees’ perception of emergency medicine (EM) training in the United States (US) and Saudi Arabia (SA) and to identify residents’ levels of confidence and points of satisfaction in education, procedural skills, and work environment.Method. An IRB-exempt anonymous web-based survey was distributed to five EM residency training programs in the USA and three residency regions in SA.Results. 342 residents were polled with a 20% response rate (16.8% USA and 25.8% SA). The Saudi residents responded less positively to the questions about preparation for their boards’ examinations, access to multiple educational resources, and weekly academic activities. The Saudi trainees felt less competent in less common procedures than US trainees. American trainees also more strongly agree that they have more faculty interest in their education compared to the Saudi trainees. The Saudi residents see more patients per hour compared to their US peers.Conclusion. These findings may be due to the differences in training techniques including less formal didactics and simulation experience in SA and more duty hour regulations in the USA.

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