scholarly journals PT681. The protective role of erythropoietin on the cognitive power deficit of the brain and histological changes in the hippocampus of diabetic mice.

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (Suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 48-48
Keyword(s):  
Protective Role ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Power Deficit ◽  
Cognitive Power ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Serum Amyloid Beta42 Is Not Eliminated by the Cirrhotic Liver: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2669
Author(s):  
Reiner Wiest ◽  
Thomas S. Weiss ◽  
Lusine Danielyan ◽  
Christa Buechler
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Hepatic Clearance ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Cirrhotic Liver ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Peripheral Clearance ◽  
End Stage ◽  
The Brain

Amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition in the brain is the main pathological hallmark of Alzheimer disease. Peripheral clearance of Aβ may possibly also lower brain levels. Recent evidence suggested that hepatic clearance of Aβ42 is impaired in liver cirrhosis. To further test this hypothesis, serum Aβ42 was measured by ELISA in portal venous serum (PVS), systemic venous serum (SVS), and hepatic venous serum (HVS) of 20 patients with liver cirrhosis. Mean Aβ42 level was 24.7 ± 20.4 pg/mL in PVS, 21.2 ± 16.7 pg/mL in HVS, and 19.2 ± 11.7 pg/mL in SVS. Similar levels in the three blood compartments suggested that the cirrhotic liver does not clear Aβ42. Aβ42 was neither associated with the model of end-stage liver disease score nor the Child–Pugh score. Patients with abnormal creatinine or bilirubin levels or prolonged prothrombin time did not display higher Aβ42 levels. Patients with massive ascites and patients with large varices had serum Aβ42 levels similar to patients without these complications. Serum Aβ42 was negatively associated with connective tissue growth factor levels (r = −0.580, p = 0.007) and a protective role of Aβ42 in fibrogenesis was already described. Diabetic patients with liver cirrhosis had higher Aβ42 levels (p = 0.069 for PVS, p = 0.047 for HVS and p = 0.181 for SVS), which is in accordance with previous reports. Present analysis showed that the cirrhotic liver does not eliminate Aβ42. Further studies are needed to explore the association of liver cirrhosis, Aβ42 levels, and cognitive dysfunction.

scholarly journals Protective Role of Programmed Death 1 Ligand 1 (PD-L1)in Nonobese Diabetic Mice: The Paradox in Transgenic Models

Diabetes ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 1861-1869 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.-J. Wang ◽  
F.-C. Chou ◽  
C.-H. Chu ◽  
J.-C. Wu ◽  
S.-H. Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Role ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Transgenic Models ◽  
Nonobese Diabetic ◽  
Programmed Death ◽  
Programmed Death 1 ◽  
Nonobese Diabetic Mice

scholarly journals Genetic Variants of Lipoprotein Lipase and Regulatory Factors Associated with Alzheimer’s Disease Risk

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 8338
Author(s):  
Kimberley D. Bruce ◽  
Maoping Tang ◽  
Philip Reigan ◽  
Robert H. Eckel
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Lipoprotein Metabolism ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Direct Role ◽  
The Brain

Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is a key enzyme in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. The canonical role of LPL involves the hydrolysis of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins for the provision of FFAs to metabolic tissues. However, LPL may also contribute to lipoprotein uptake by acting as a molecular bridge between lipoproteins and cell surface receptors. Recent studies have shown that LPL is abundantly expressed in the brain and predominantly expressed in the macrophages and microglia of the human and murine brain. Moreover, recent findings suggest that LPL plays a direct role in microglial function, metabolism, and phagocytosis of extracellular factors such as amyloid- beta (Aβ). Although the precise function of LPL in the brain remains to be determined, several studies have implicated LPL variants in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) risk. For example, while mutations shown to have a deleterious effect on LPL function and expression (e.g., N291S, HindIII, and PvuII) have been associated with increased AD risk, a mutation associated with increased bridging function (S447X) may be protective against AD. Recent studies have also shown that genetic variants in endogenous LPL activators (ApoC-II) and inhibitors (ApoC-III) can increase and decrease AD risk, respectively, consistent with the notion that LPL may play a protective role in AD pathogenesis. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of LPL structure and function, which largely point to a protective role of functional LPL in AD neuropathogenesis.

Physical activity as a protective factor for successful aging

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (87) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Andrzej Jopkiewicz ◽  
Monika Królicka–Czerniak ◽  
Anita Zaręba
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Successful Aging ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Brain

To divide the types of aging (successful, usual and impaired), as well as factors affecting this process, the protective role of physical activity was discussed in the literature. It was emphasized that physical activity is also a very important protective factor for cognitive aging - mainly executive function and memory. The prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, i.e. the regions of the brain responsible for the control and course of cognitive processes, show susceptibility to stimulation, which is movement exercises, which are prevention of degenerative changes within the brain.

Abstract 494: P21 Plays a Protective Role Against Renal Ischemia Reperfusion Injury and is an Essential Factor for Ischemic Preconditioning

Hypertension ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Nishioka ◽  
Daisuke Nakano ◽  
Kento Kitada ◽  
Hiroyuki Ohosaki ◽  
Tadashi Sofue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Preconditioning ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Renal Ischemia ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Sham Surgery ◽  
Life Threatening

Background: We previously reported that various pathological conditions including high blood pressure increase p21 expression in the kidney; however, the functional importance of renal p21 up-regulation has not been clarified yet. In the present study, we evaluated the role of p21 in acute kidney injury, a life-threatening disease that can occur independently of the pathological background of patients (whether renal p21 is up-regulated or not). Methods and Results: The mice lacking functional p21 (p21-KO, n=9) and its wild-type control (WT, n=7) underwent a 45-min renal ischemia followed by a 24-h reperfusion (I/R). I/R significantly increased both mRNA expression and nuclear immunoreactivity of p21 in the kidney of WT compared with sham surgery (p21/β-actin, 1.28±0.23 vs. 0.57±0.15, respectively, P<0.05). I/R injury analyzed by blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and kidney histological changes were exacerbated in p21-KO mice (BUN: WT; 103.8±4.6 mg/dL, p21-KO; 127.7±5.2 mg/dL, P<0.05). The results suggest that p21 plays a protective role against I/R injury. Therefore, we next examined whether p21 is also associated with the protective effect of ischemic preconditioning (IPC), which is an established method of attenuating the I/R injury. IPC (4 sets of a 5-min ischemia and a 5-min reperfusion) clearly improved the I/R injury in WT (BUN: sham; 87.7±22.0 mg/dL, IPC; 39.0±2.3 mg/dL, n=3 and n=7, respectively, P<0.05), whereas there was no difference in the I/R injury in p21-KO mice (BUN: sham; 136.5±13.6 mg/dL, IPC; 127.9±6.9 mg/dL, n=5 and n=8, respectively). IPC increased the renal expression of p21 prior to I/R compared with sham surgery (p21/β-actin: 1.07±0.08 vs. 0.26±0.05 fold, respectively, P<0.05). Conclusion: Renal p21 plays a protective role against I/R injury and is necessary for the beneficial effect of renal IPC.

Protective role of adiponectin against testicular impairment in high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic mice

Biochimie ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 168 ◽  
pp. 41-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayank Choubey ◽  
Ashutosh Ranjan ◽  
Puran S. Bora ◽  
Amitabh Krishna
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Testicular Impairment ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic
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