Overview of Ketogenic Diet in the Laboratory

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Detlev Boison
Keyword(s):  
Ketogenic Diet ◽  
Molecular Targets ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Clinical Interest

Increased clinical interest in the ketogenic diet and similar metabolic treatments has naturally spurred research into mechanisms underlying their anticonvulsant/antiepileptogenic efficacy; significant progress and new insights are being made after many decades of relative obscurity. This section, “Ketogenic Diet in the Laboratory,” includes discussions of a number of molecular targets that are affected by ketogenic diet feeding. New insights into mechanisms, combined with clinical observations, are potentially expanding the utilitiy of this metabolic approach. In parallel, several alternative experimental methods to either elucidate or mobilize ketogenic diet mechanisms are explored. Based on this laboratory research, putative and novel uses for metabolic treatments are proposed.

The scientific foundations of cognitive behaviour therapy

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Gelder
Keyword(s):  
Visual Imagery ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour ◽  
Attention Memory

Chapter 2 explores the scientific foundations of cognitive behaviour therapy, and reviews some of the advances in treatment, and the experimental studies that support them. It includes clinical observations, characterizing cognitions (thinking, attention, memory, visual imagery, worry, meta-cognition), the experimental methods used to test predictions, and factors that maintain cognitions.

Ovarian Steroids and Cognitive Function

2003 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Dohanich
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Hormonal Factors ◽  
Ovarian Steroids ◽  
The Past ◽  
Clinical Interest ◽  
Reproductive Events

The ovarian steroids, estrogen and progesterone, not only govern reproductive events in mammalian females but also influence an array of other processes. Of particular clinical interest is the potential of ovarian steroids to facilitate storage of new memories and to protect neurons from various threats. Research during the past decade confirms that estrogen and progesterone influence the biochemical, electrical, and structural properties of neurons in brain regions that subserve learning and memory. These mechanisms form the biological foundations for the complex effects of ovarian steroids on cognitive functions in various species, including humans. Despite significant progress in our understanding of the roles of hormonal factors in cognitive function and neuronal survival, the value of hormone replacement as a treatment and deterrent for cognitive impairments associated with age, disease, and injury remains uncertain as we enter the new century.

Ketogenic diet in the treatment of pharmacoresistent epilepsy. Domestic experience and perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 52-60
Author(s):  
E. G. Lukyanova ◽  
E. A. Pyr'yeva ◽  
T. N. Sorvacheva ◽  
S. O. Aivazyan ◽  
K. V. Osipova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Ketogenic Diet ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Anticonvulsant Treatment ◽  
Electroencephalographic Study

The article concentrates on the experience of using the ketogenic diet (KD) in neurological practice in children with epilepsy resistant to anticonvulsant treatment. Prescription of KD in combination with drug therapy or without it allowed to achieve 100% control over seizures (confirmed by electroencephalographic study), significant progress in psycho-speech, cognitive, motor development in 21% of cases, which increased the chances of socialization of children and improved family life quality.

Experience in the Use of a Ketogenic Diet in a Patient with Type I Glucose Transporter Deficiency Syndrome (clinical observations)

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 1090-1096
Author(s):  
E. G. Luk’yanova ◽  
S. O. Aivazyan ◽  
K. V. Osipova ◽  
E. A. Pyr’eva ◽  
T. N. Sorvacheva
Keyword(s):  
Ketogenic Diet ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Type I ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Transporter Deficiency

To the problem of epilepsy

1936 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 841-844
Author(s):  
G. V. Pervushni
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Clinical Observations

The problem of epilepsy is at the center of attention of neurological thought. A number of congresses devote numerous reports to this question and study it. The study of the problem is put in the plane of experiment, laboratory research and clinical observations.

Fine Structure of Platelet Interaction with a New Microcrystalline Collagen Preparation

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 58-59
Author(s):  
W. H. Zucker ◽  
R. G. Mason
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Platelet Adhesion ◽  
Hemostatic Agent ◽  
Native Collagen ◽  
Fibrillar Morphology ◽  
Clinical Interest ◽  
New Form

Platelet adhesion initiates platelet aggregation and is an important component of the hemostatic process. Since the development of a new form of collagen as a topical hemostatic agent is of both basic and clinical interest, an ultrastructural and hematologic study of the interaction of platelets with the microcrystalline collagen preparation was undertaken.In this study, whole blood anticoagulated with EDTA was used in order to inhibit aggregation and permit study of platelet adhesion to collagen as an isolated event. The microcrystalline collagen was prepared from bovine dermal corium; milling was with sharp blades. The preparation consists of partial hydrochloric acid amine collagen salts and retains much of the fibrillar morphology of native collagen.

Toward quantitative defect analysis using HREM

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 714-715
Author(s):  
David J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Defect Analysis ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Detailed Characterization ◽  
Small Unit ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscope ◽  
Large Unit Cell ◽  
Made In

The electron microscope has evolved to the level where it is now straightforward to record highresolution images from thin samples (t∼10 to 20nm) that are directly interpretable in terms of atomic arrangements. Whilst recorded images necessarily represent two-dimensional projections of the structure, many defects such as dislocations and interfaces may be linear or planar in nature and thus might be expected to be amenable to detailed characterization. In this review, we briefly consider the recent significant progress that has been made in quantitative defect analysis using the high-resolution electron microscope and then discuss some drawbacks to the technique as well as potential scope for further improvements. Surveys of defect modelling for some small-unit-cell materials and interfaces have recently been published, and reference should be made to other papers in this symposium for further examples.The technique of structure imaging originated in the early '70s with observations of large-unit-cell block oxides.

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