Prevention of suicide following psychiatric hospitalization

2021 ◽  
pp. 511-520
Author(s):  
Natalie B. Riblet ◽  
Brian Shiner
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitalization ◽  
World Health ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Risk Period ◽  
The World ◽  
Cognitive Therapies ◽  
Health Organization

The period following a psychiatric hospitalization is a high-risk period for suicide and several factors may contribute such as problems with patient engagement. It is vital that researchers identify effective strategies to prevent suicide in the period following hospitalization. Yet, researchers face many challenges in conducting suicide research. Importantly, because the clinical outcome of greatest interest, death by suicide, is rare, researchers must rely heavily on proxy measures of suicide. Furthermore, while there have been over 30 trials of various strategies to mitigate suicide risk following hospital or emergency room discharge, there is mixed evidence regarding the efficacy of these interventions. While some studies have shown significant reduction in suicide attempts, other studies have found no difference. Few studies have demonstrated a significant effect on death by suicide. The most promising interventions include cognitive therapies for suicide prevention, the World Health Organization Brief Intervention and Contact programme.

scholarly journals Disability in people clinically at high risk of psychosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 197 (4) ◽  
pp. 278-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Velthorst ◽  
Dorien H. Nieman ◽  
Don Linszen ◽  
Hiske Becker ◽  
Lieuwe de Haan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
World Health ◽  
Disability Assessment ◽  
Community Activities ◽  
Transition Group ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

BackgroundDecline in social functioning occurs in individuals who later develop psychosis.AimsTo investigate whether baseline differences in disability are present in those who do and those who do not make a transition to psychosis in a group clinically at high risk and whether disability is a risk factor for transition.MethodProspective multicentre, naturalistic field study with an 18-month follow-up period on 245 help-seeking individuals clinically at high risk. Disability was assessed with the Disability Assessment Schedule of the World Health Organization (WHODAS–II).ResultsAt baseline, the transition group displayed significantly greater difficulties in making new friends (z =−3.40, P = 0.001), maintaining a friendship (z =−3.00, P = 0.003), dealing with people they do not know (z =−2.28, P = 0.023) and joining community activities (z =−2.0, P = 0.05) compared with the non-transition group. In Cox regression, difficulties in getting along with people significantly contributed to the prediction of transition to psychosis in our sample (β = 0.569, s.e. = 0.184, Wald = 9.548, P = 0.002, hazard ratio (HR) = 1.767, 95% CI 1.238–2.550).ConclusionsCertain domains of social disability might contribute to the prediction of psychosis in a sample clinically at high risk.

A global perspective on suicides and suicide attempts

2021 ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Elise Paul
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
World Health ◽  
Populations At Risk ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
World Mental Health Survey ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Ongoing Monitoring

Specific populations at risk for suicide differ considerably according to region, country, sex, age, and the most common suicide methods used, highlighting the need for ongoing systematic surveillance to inform prevention efforts. The magnitude of the problem is not limited to suicide deaths. It is estimated that for every suicide, there are 20 more persons who have made an attempt. Individuals who have made a suicide attempt are at increased risk for dying by suicide. This chapter explores differences in the suicide and suicide attempt rates in the general population on different continents, by examining data from the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Health Estimates and the World Mental Health Survey Initiative. Differences across contexts in suicidal behaviours and the need for ongoing monitoring are emphasized.

scholarly journals Protecting healthcare workers from SARS-CoV-2 infection: practical indications

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (155) ◽  
pp. 200068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Ferioli ◽  
Cecilia Cisternino ◽  
Valentina Leo ◽  
Lara Pisani ◽  
Paolo Palange ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Noninvasive Ventilation ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
World Health ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Respiratory Devices

The World Health Organization has recently defined the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection a pandemic. The infection, that may cause a potentially very severe respiratory disease, now called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has airborne transmission via droplets. The rate of transmission is quite high, higher than common influenza. Healthcare workers are at high risk of contracting the infection particularly when applying respiratory devices such as oxygen cannulas or noninvasive ventilation. The aim of this article is to provide evidence-based recommendations for the correct use of “respiratory devices” in the COVID-19 emergency and protect healthcare workers from contracting the SARS-CoV-2 infection.

scholarly journals THE USE OF PESTICIDES IN TRIPLE-RICE CROP IN THE COASTAL DISTRICT, TRA VINH, VIETNAM

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (22) ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
Thanh Giao Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Who Classification ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
World Health ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Very High

This study aimed to assess the use of pesticides and their impact on the triple-rice crops in Phu Can commune, Tieu Can district, Tra Vinh province by directly interviewed 60 farmers in the study area. The results showed that during cultivation, the farmers used pesticides with a very high dose and spray frequency. The farmers often applied various types of pesticides belonging to toxicity categories II, III, and IV according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification. The treatments of bottles and packages of the pesticides after use by burying, disposing of in the rice field, selling to the vendors, and burning were improper practices. Consequently, these practices could pollute the environment with pesticides. The findings of the present study revealed that rice farming in the study area potentially poses a high risk to the surrounding environments and human health. Local authorities and environmental managers should pay more attention to solving this problem.

scholarly journals Suicide attempts among the elderly in East Asia

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 707-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guk-Hee Suh ◽  
Lina Gega
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
World Health ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
Health Organization

Among the one million suicide deaths worldwide each year, as many as 60% occur in Asia. The World Health Organization (WHO) found higher suicide rates among the elderly in rapidly industrialized Asian countries such as China, Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, and Singapore, compared to the corresponding rates of recently industrializing Asian countries like Vietnam and Sri Lanka (WHO, 2014). As a case in point, suicide rates in South Korea have been the highest in the world since 2003 and are rising especially among older people (Hong and Knapp, 2014). Suicide attempts and older age are strong predictors of completed suicide (Szanto et al., 2002; Simon et al., 2013) and, as such, are important in guiding our efforts for suicide prevention; however, most epidemiological studies focus on completed suicides across all ages rather than understanding the reasons behind suicide attempts in older populations.

scholarly journals SALUD Y BIENESTAR: TRASTORNOS DEL ESTADO DE ANIMO Y SUICIDIO EN ESTUDIANTES DE BACHILLERATO.

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
Jessenia Paredes Bernal
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
The State ◽  
World Health ◽  
School Students ◽  
The World ◽  
State Of Mind ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Individual

En el ser humano el estado de ánimo puede ser normal, elevado o deprimido, el sujeto pierde la sensación de control sobre su ánimo y experimenta incomodidad general. Cuando estos se agravan se convierten en trastornos del Estado de Animo que se divide en bipolares y depresivos. La depresión es un sentimiento persistente de inutilidad, pérdida de interés por el mundo y falta de esperanza en el futuro, que modifica negativamente la funcionalidad del sujeto en ocasiones llevándolo a tomar decisiones equivocadas como el suicidio. En este estudio se pretendió analizar este trastorno desde los principios de la psicología clínica y de la salud para objetivar la desesperanza, las expectativas negativas con respecto al individuo mismo y a su vida futura en 42 estudiantes de bachillerato. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron observar que si existe una relación entre los trastornos de ánimo y los intentos de suicidio que se detectaron en la escala de evaluación. Como conclusión es necesario recalcar la importancia de la detección temprana de los cambios de estado de ánimo en los adolescentes puede evitar un suicidio la misma que es la segunda causa de muerte, según el informe de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Abstract In the human being, the state of mind can be normal, elevated or depressed, the subject loses the feeling of control over their mood and experiences general discomfort. When these are aggravated they become disorders of the State of Animo that is divided into bipolar and depressive. Depression is a persistent feeling of uselessness, loss of interest in the world and lack of hope in the future, which negatively modifies the functionality of the subject at times leading him to make wrong decisions such as suicide. In this study, we tried to analyze this disorder from the principles of clinical psychology and health to objectify the hopelessness, the negative expectations regarding the individual himself and his future life in 100 high school students. The results obtained allowed to observe that if there is a relationship between mood disorders and suicide attempts that were detected in the evaluation scale. In conclusion it is necessary to emphasize the importance of early detection of mood swings in adolescents can avoid suicide which is the second cause of death, according to the report of the World Health Organization.

scholarly journals Twelve-Month Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Suicide Attempts in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys

2010 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 1617-1628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Borges ◽  
Matthew K. Nock ◽  
Josep M. Haro Abad ◽  
Irving Hwang ◽  
Nancy A. Sampson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
World Health ◽  
World Mental Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Risk Factors For Suicide

scholarly journals Coronavirus, Deafness and the Use of Different Signs of the Area in Health during a Period of Pandemic Time: Is That the Best Option to Do?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aixa Hafsha
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
World Health ◽  
Deaf Community ◽  
Information Need ◽  
Epidemic Disease ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

The World Health Organization has decreed the new Coronavirus as a worldwide threat. This new virus causes COVID-19 with a threatening mortality rate and a high risk of contamination. Initially, the outbreaks began in China, then Iran, Italy, South Korea and now are present in all continents. Since only attitudes such as Hand-washing and quarantine can help in controlling this epidemic disease, these pieces of information need to be clearly spread on the whole society, including minorities such as the deaf community. Therefore, in this work, we briefly compared three signs about this virus currently in use in Brazil by the deaf community, focused on some linguistics characteristics (e.g. meaning ad concepts). Our results showed that it is important for taking care of the information delivery for the whole society including minorities such as the deaf community to avoid possible linguistic impairments about serious threats such as coronavirus.

scholarly journals Pendidikan Kesehatan tentang Anemia kepada Ibu Hamil

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Safitri Safitri
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternal Morbidity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Maternal Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
The World ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

AbstractAnemia is a major factor causing maternal morbidity and mortality in developing countries. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) the prevalence of anemia in pregnant women in developing countries is 51%. In Indonesia, based on the results of the 2018 Riskesdas survey, data on the proportion of anemia in pregnant women increased from 37.1% (2013) to 48.9% (2018). Likewise, the Jambi City, in the Puskesmas Pakuan Baru there are still pregnant women who have anemia. Target outcomes expected are: there is an increased knowledge between before and after counseling. The method used is counseling. The results of dedication are an increase in knowledge in pregnant women as an effort to prevent and recognize high risk or complications of Anemia in early pregnancy.

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