Tricuspid and pulmonary valve disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 211-221
Author(s):  
Denisa Muraru ◽  
Elif Leyla Sade
Keyword(s):  
Heart Valves ◽  
Pulmonary Valve ◽  
Multimodality Imaging ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Valvular Heart Diseases ◽  
Alternative Modality ◽  
The Right ◽  
Transcatheter Interventions ◽  
Valve Diseases

Right heart valves have gained significant interest in the context of a plethora of new emerging percutaneous transcatheter interventions for treating tricuspid and pulmonary valve diseases. Multimodality imaging is pivotal for patient diagnosis, management, and prognosis, as well as for planning interventional and surgical valve procedures. Echocardiography is the primary imaging modality for initial diagnosis and longitudinal follow-up of patients with right-sided valvular heart disease. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance has emerged as a complementary or alternative modality for providing diagnostic information on the tricuspid and pulmonary valve anatomy, and particularly on the pulmonary artery and the consequences on the right ventricle. This chapter highlights the current use of various imaging modalities for the state-of-the-art assessment of right-sided valvular heart diseases, with emphasis on the main clinical indications, as well as on the strengths and limitations of each modality.

CORONARY ARTERY LESIONS IN PATIENTS OVER 50 YEAR OLD WITH VALVULAR HEART DISEASES INDICATED FOR VALVE SURGERY

2016 ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Bang Giap Vo ◽  
Anh Binh Ho ◽  
Van Minh Huynh
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Heart Valve ◽  
Right Coronary Artery ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Heart Valve Diseases ◽  
Coronary Artery Lesions ◽  
Circumflex Coronary Artery ◽  
Valvular Heart Diseases ◽  
Valve Diseases

Objectives: To investigate the features of coronary artery lesions in patients over 50 with heart valve diseases and to find out the relationship between the levels of coronary artery lesions and heart valve diseases. Results: In patients over 50 year old with heart valve diseases, the rate of significant coronary artery lesions is 55.5%. In which, significant lesions in the group of both mitral and aorta valve diseases is 44.19%, only mitral valve diseases is of 70%, only aortic valve diseases is of 51.85%. There is a relationship between the severity of mitral valve diseases and right coronary artery lesions (OR 3.74: 1.64 to 8.5, p = 0.0017) and circumflex coronary artery lesions (OR 2.59: 1.16 to 5.75, p = 0.0192). The severity of heart valve lesions in significant coronary artery lesions group is higher than insignificant coronary artery lesions group or normal group. Conclusion: Coronary artery lesions is common in patients > 50 years old with heart valve diseases, there is a relationship between the severity of mitral valve diseases and and right coronary artery lesions and circumflex coronary artery lesions. Key words: coronary artery lesions, mitral valvediseases

scholarly journals Introduction of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Kosovo: First Fifty Consecutive Patients Registry Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (B) ◽  
pp. 417-425
Author(s):  
Ted Trajcheski ◽  
Lulzim Brovina ◽  
Biljana Zafirova ◽  
Lada Trajceska
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Gadolinium Contrast ◽  
Myocardial Perfusion Study ◽  
Imaging Tool ◽  
Gadolinium Contrast Agent ◽  
And Function

BACKGROUND: Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) as advanced diagnostic tool for the heart has been introduced in our institution since September 2019. AIM: We report on the first fifty consecutive patients using this imaging modality. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Strict protocol for CMR procedure, imaging quality assessment, contraindications, and informed consent were established. Patients selected for CMR were enrolled in a prospective registry. Visualizing the heart chambers, heart muscle and heart valves, resulted in acquiring complex imaging of the heart structure and function. When applicable, patients received gadolinium contrast agent for Late Gadolinium Enhancement (LGE). Adenosine was used for stress induced myocardial perfusion study. In this study, we report on the initial CMR procedures in the first 15 months. RESULTS: The age of the patients ranges from 17 to 82 and the number of male and female patients was well balanced. No absolute contraindications were met in any patient. Relative contraindications were noted but did not prevent from performing the scan. Different cardiac pathologies were encountered in the examined patients. Most common was the ischemic heart disease – 19 (38%). We had 15 (30%) out of 46 (92%) CMR procedures with LGE showing fibrotic scaring. Quality image assessment was scaled from poor to excellent. Most of the assessments were graded very good and good (46% and 48%), no poor, and very poor noted. CONCLUSION: CMR has been successfully introduced in Kosovo as excellent imaging tool for diagnosing and characterizing a nearly exhaustive spectrum of heart diseases.

Rechtsventrikuläre Auswurffraktion Vergleich verschiedener Methoden der Angiographie und der Äquilibrium-Radionuklidventrikulographie

1987 ◽  
Vol 26 (01) ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
U. Tebbe ◽  
E. Voth ◽  
R. Sciagra ◽  
W. Schultz ◽  
G. Neuhaus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Right Atrium ◽  
Pulmonary Valve ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Radionuclide Ventriculography ◽  
Background Correction ◽  
Minor Effect ◽  
The Right ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Good Agreement

In 21 patients with various heart diseases RVEF was measured angiographically and by radionuclide ventriculography. Using biplane angiocardiography evaluation was performed by 7 different methods (Simpson’s rule, Dogde, Arcilla, Ferlinz, Duebel). Using equilibrium RNV, evaluation was performed by 9 modifications of analysis. Problems were evident to separate the right atrium from the ventricle and to define the site of the pulmonary valve. The results show that when using the various methods of angiography considerable variations of the absolute volumes occur, but least so with RVEF. When using RNV with one single enddiastolic ROI, the RVEF was much too low. By means of the enddiastolic/endsystolic Double-ROI-method a good agreement with angiography was found, with correlation coefficients up to r = 0.85. There was only a minor effect of background correction.

Heart Valve Diseases in the Elderly

2013 ◽  
pp. 240-260
Author(s):  
Yos Morsi ◽  
Zhang Li ◽  
Sheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Heart Valve ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Heart Valve Replacement ◽  
Heart Valve Diseases ◽  
Full Account ◽  
Prosthetic Valves ◽  
Aortic Sclerosis ◽  
Valve Diseases

This chapter gives an overview of heart valve diseases, their diagnostics techniques, and current and future treatments with particular emphasis on the elder generation. It starts with a brief presentation of anatomy of the heart and its valves and the effect of aging on the function of the heart. Subsequently the projection of the global older population is given, and the most common and frequently occurring valvular heart diseases including aortic regurgitation, aortic stenosis, and aortic sclerosis are presented and discussed. Moreover, the current heart valve replacement techniques using mechanical or bio-prosthetic valves and the complications associated with the use of these artificial heart valves are presented and discussed. The chapter ends with a full account of the risk of mortality associated with the operation of heart valve replacement for older patients and the future directions for heart valve implementation using the tissue engineering concept.

The tropoelastin and lysyl oxidase treatments increased the content of insoluble elastin in bioprosthetic heart valves

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 637-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Lei ◽  
Yushun Xia ◽  
Yunbing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Lysyl Oxidase ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽  
Bioprosthetic Heart Valves ◽  
Valvular Heart Diseases ◽  
Preparation Strategy ◽  
Implantation Model

Valvular heart diseases lead to over 300,000 heart valve replacements worldwide each year. Commercially available bioprosthetic heart valves (BHVs) are mostly made from porcine or bovine pericardiums which were crosslinked by glutaraldehyde (GLUT). However, valve failures can occur within 10 years due to progressive degradation and calcification. GLUT could crosslink collagen but it fails to stabilize elastin. In this current study, we developed a new BHVs preparation strategy named as “GLUT/TE/LOXL/EGCG” that utilizes exogenous tropoelastin (TE)/lysyl oxidase (LOXL) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) to increase the elastin content as well as the stabilization of elastin. The feeding ratios of tropoelastin and lysyl oxidase were optimized. The contents of desmosine and insoluble elastin, biomechanics, cytotoxicity, hemocompatibility, in vivo componential stability and anti-calcification potential were characterized. Pericardiums with increased elastin content had improved the mechanical properties. GLUT/TE/LOXL/EGCG-treated pericardiums had similar cytotoxicity and coagulation properties compared to GLUT and GLUT/EGCG control. We demonstrated that GLUT/TE/LOXL/EGCG-treated pericardiums had high amount of insoluble elastin in 90 days’ rat subdermal implantation model, and better resistance for calcification. This new tropoelastin and lysyl oxidase treatments strategy would be a promising method to make BHVs which have better structural stability and anti-calcification properties.

scholarly journals The Inter-Relationship of Periostin, TGFβ, and BMP in Heart Valve Development and Valvular Heart Diseases

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 1509-1524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon J. Conway ◽  
Thomas Doetschman ◽  
Mohamad Azhar
Keyword(s):  
Heart Valve ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Cardiovascular Development ◽  
Valve Development ◽  
Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Valvular Heart Diseases ◽  
Valve Diseases ◽  
Relationship Of

Recent studies have suggested an important role for periostin and transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) ligands in heart valve formation and valvular heart diseases. The function of these molecules in cardiovascular development has previously been individually reviewed, but their association has not been thoroughly examined. Here, we summarize the current understanding of the association between periostin and TGFβ and BMP ligands, and discuss the implications of this association in the context of the role of these molecules in heart valve development and valvular homeostasis. Information about hierarchal connections between periostin and TGFβ and BMP ligands in valvulogenesis will increase our understanding of the pathogenesis, progression, and medical treatment of human valve diseases.

Tricuspid and pulmonary valve disease

2015 ◽  
pp. 171-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogdan A. Popescu ◽  
Maria Magdalena Gurzun ◽  
Carmen Ginghina
Keyword(s):  
Heart Valves ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Pulmonary Valve ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Valve Disease ◽  
Right Ventricular Size ◽  
Good Spatial Resolution ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Function

The clinical and prognostic importance of tricuspid and pulmonary valve disease is increasingly recognized. Imaging techniques represent the current gold-standard of assessment in this setting. Therefore, the proper use of imaging in evaluating tricuspid and pulmonary valve structure and function is of great interest for the best management. This chapter describes the anatomy of the right heart valves, the relative role of each imaging technique in evaluating valvular dysfunction and their consequences, and the main modalities employed in the clinical setting in both stenotic and in regurgitant lesions. It also discusses the contribution of each technique in clinical decision-making. Echocardiography remains the main imaging method, usually able to provide all the information needed for patient care. Cardiac magnetic resonance provides a more accurate evaluation of right ventricular size and function, and may be used for both diagnosis and follow-up. Multi-slice computed tomography has a very good spatial resolution, useful in selected cases, but the radiation involved represents a limitation.

scholarly journals Exercise Right Heart Catheterisation in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Guide to Interpretation and Considerations in the Management of Valvular Heart Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe H Valle ◽  
Basma Mohammed ◽  
Stephen P Wright ◽  
Robert Bentley ◽  
Neil P Fam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Valvular Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Pulmonary Resistance ◽  
Right Heart ◽  
Heart Catheterisation ◽  
Right Heart Catheterisation ◽  
Valvular Heart Diseases ◽  
Transcatheter Interventions

The use of exercise right heart catheterisation for the assessment of cardiovascular diseases has regained attention recently. Understanding physiologic haemodynamic exercise responses is key for the identification of abnormal haemodynamic patterns. Exercise total pulmonary resistance >3 Wood units identifies a deranged haemodynamic response and when total pulmonary resistance exceeds 3 Wood units, an exercise pulmonary artery wedge pressures/cardiac output slope >2 mmHg/l/min indicates the presence of underlying exercise-induced pulmonary hypertension related to left heart disease. In the evolving field of transcatheter interventions for valvular heart disease, exercise right heart catheterisation may objectively unmask symptoms and underlying haemodynamic abnormalities. Further studies are needed on the use of the procedure to inform the selection of patients who might receive the most benefit from transcatheter interventions for valvular heart diseases.

scholarly journals Critical study of valvular heart diseases W. S. R. to Ayurvedokta Shatkriyakala

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhash Waghe
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Therapeutic Intervention ◽  
Valvular Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Critical Study ◽  
Throat Infection ◽  
Valvular Heart Diseases ◽  
Principles Of Treatment

Valvular heart diseases leads to definite death by various complications if not treated early. Although it may start as the simple throat infection but eventually it may affect the heart valves if not treated early. Shatkriya Kala is a unique pathological concept in Ayurveda developed with aim of treating the diseases at various stages of pathogenesis. Ancient Ayurvediac acharyas had stated 6 such stages of therapeutic intervention with reference to six stages of pathogenesis namely sanchaya, prakopa, prasara, sthansanshraya, vyakti and bheda.. If disease is treated in early stages, it does not lead to complications. There are vishahra a,d aamhar drugs in Ayurveda which could be potentially used to treat valvular affections. Hence, it is essential to apply the Ayurvedic concept of pathogenesis like ‘Shat Kriyakala’  to valvular heart disease so as to study it from Ayurvedic pathological point of view and to evolve a strategy to deal with it based on the Ayurvedokta principles of treatment particularly in terms of shatkriyakalas. The study of valvular heart disease with reference to Shat Kriyakala, showed that the pathogenesis of valvular heart disease can very well be arranged in Ayurvedokta  six stages of Shat Kriyakala and treatment could be framed as per different stages. With the help of modern investigations, these six stages could be diagnostically confirmed.

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