Possessiveness

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonso Troisi
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Personality Profile ◽  
Anxious Attachment ◽  
Behavioral Traits ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
John Bowlby ◽  
Maternal Abuse ◽  
Clinical Conditions

The opposite of detachment is possessiveness, which generally reflects a personality profile characterized by anxious attachment. This chapter describes the psychological and behavioral traits that characterize people with anxious attachment and discusses two clinical conditions related to abnormal levels of possessiveness: child abuse and pathological jealousy. The discussion of these two conditions is based on very different databases. Whereas descriptions and explanations of pathological jealousy are based on psychiatric literature, the analysis of child abuse consists of a synopsis of studies of spontaneous cases of maternal abuse of offspring in monkeys, including the successful pharmacological treatment of abusive mothers. Also recounted is the author’s correspondence with John Bowlby regarding interpretation of the observations in monkeys. The chapter closes with a brief discussion of the psychological mechanisms that motivate normal jealousy in intimate relationships and of gender differences in jealousy, along with evolutionary explanations for such differences.

Predictors of Child Abuse Charges Within the Context of Domestic Violence Arrests

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (13) ◽  
pp. 1777-1803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Roark ◽  
Kelly E. Knight ◽  
Heather Olson ◽  
Heidi DeSandre
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Police Response ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Underdeveloped Area

This article investigates how different factors of a domestic violence incident impact the likelihood of a child abuse charge within the context of domestic violence arrests. Data from 5,148 domestic violence arrests were used to test whether domestic violence-, incident-, and child-based predictors increased the likelihood of a child abuse charge. Logistic regression models of gender-stratified samples were employed to test for gender differences among domestic violence arrestees. The results demonstrated predictors affected men’s odds of a child abuse charge when compared with women. For men and women, children witnessing the domestic violence incident had the largest impact on a child abuse charge. These results contribute to the underdeveloped area of police response to child abuse in domestic violence cases.

scholarly journals CHILD ABUSE AND ADULT MENTAL HEALTH: DOES GENDER MATTER?

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S935-S935
Author(s):  
Patricia M Morton ◽  
Blakelee Kemp ◽  
Frass Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Adult Mental Health ◽  
Maternal Abuse ◽  
Parental Abuse

Abstract Numerous studies have demonstrated that child abuse is associated with poor adult mental health, but few have investigated the extent to which the frequency of different types of abuse increase mental health conditions, especially at the nexus of gender. The present study examines whether parental abuse frequency and abuse perpetrator have distinct effects for men and women on three mental health outcomes—depressive symptoms, generalized anxiety, and global self-reported mental health. Data came from three waves of the National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS), comprising a baseline sample of 3,032 adults aged 25-74. Estimating a series of mixed effects models revealed that maternal abuse and frequent abuse during childhood were associated with poorer adult mental health during our 20-year observation period, net of childhood and adult risk factors. Specifically, maternal emotional abuse raised the risk of depression, anxiety, and lower self-rated mental health, and was more strongly associated with depression and anxiety for women than men. Compared to adults who did not experience parental abuse during childhood, adults who experienced frequent emotional and physical abuse by either parent were more likely to experience depression and anxiety and report lower ratings of mental health in adulthood. Frequent child abuse was more strongly associated with anxiety for women than men. These results demonstrate that gender differences in adult mental health have early-life antecedents. Future research investigating the long-term mental health consequences of child abuse should consider the type and magnitude of abuse as well as the perpetrator.

Gender Differences in Behavioral Traits and Labor Market Outcomes

2017 ◽  
pp. 480-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Shurchkov ◽  
Catherine C. Eckel
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Social Preferences ◽  
Gender Segregation ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Behavioral Traits ◽  
Explanatory Factors ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Occupational Sorting

Despite a policy push toward equality, substantial gender gaps in earnings and vertical gender segregation persist in the labor market. Studies point to gender-specific occupational sorting as one of the primary explanatory factors. But why do men and women sort into different careers? In this chapter, we document the evidence that suggests that gender differences along four behavioral traits may offer a plausible explanation. Specifically, the consensus in the literature is that women, on average, exhibit greater risk aversion, lower levels of competitiveness, and less desire to negotiate as compared to men. Gender differences in social preferences are less robust, but women appear to be more sensitive to social context and framing. Importantly, there is no conclusive evidence on whether these differences are inherent or societal for any of the individual traits, although most studies point to the latter.

Gender Differences in the Motivations for the Use of Sanctions in Conflicts Within Muslim and Jewish Couples

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052093549
Author(s):  
Wafaa Sowan-Basheer ◽  
Zeev Winstok
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Orthodox Jewish ◽  
Heterosexual Couples ◽  
Preliminary Estimate ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
First Time ◽  
Empirical Implications

This study aimed to examine differences between men and women and between Muslims, secular Jews, and religious Jews in their motivations for using sanctions within their intimate relationships. This work involved heterosexual couples from the general population. The sample included 95 Muslim, 68 secular Jewish, and 70 ultra-orthodox Jewish couples (466 participants). The findings of the study show that sanction use during times of conflict is prevalent among the vast majority of couples. Motivations for the use of sanctions are stronger among women than men. In addition, the strongest motivation expressed by both genders was a motivation for conflict resolution. This is the first time that sanctions, as a tactic to cope with conflict, have been addressed in a scholarly manner. This study provides a preliminary estimate of how commonly these types of behaviors are used in intimate relationships. Theoretical and empirical implications of the theoretical framework and the findings are discussed, including the role of the use of sanction in the escalation of intimate partner conflicts.

Unwanted Pursuit in Same-Sex Relationships: Effects of Attachment Styles, Investment Model Variables, and Sexual Minority Stressors

Partner Abuse ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerian J. Derlega ◽  
Barbara A. Winstead ◽  
Matthew R. Pearson ◽  
Louis J. Janda ◽  
Robin J. Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Investment Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Anxious Attachment ◽  
Personality Variables ◽  
Relationship Beliefs ◽  
Avoidant Attachment ◽  
Unwanted Pursuit ◽  
The Relationship

This study examined the frequency and antecedents of unwanted pursuit in the intimate relationships of lesbians, gay men, bisexuals, and transgendered (LGBT) individuals. Analyses were conducted separately for disengagers (individuals who wanted to end a relationship when the other partner did not want to let go) and rejected partners (individuals who wanted to hold on to a relationship that the other person was trying to end). One hundred percent of disengagers reported having experienced at least one unwanted pursuit behavior, and 87.7% of rejected partners reported engaging in at least one unwanted pursuit behavior. Among rejected partners, anxious attachment positively predicted pursuit behaviors; and, among disengagers, avoidant attachment negatively predicted being the target of aggressive behaviors. Investment in the relationship predicted pursuit as reported by disengagers and rejected partners. In addition, lifetime experiences with minority stressors predicted being the target of pursuit among disengagers. The findings expand on earlier research about how personality variables and relationship beliefs affect unwanted pursuit. It also demonstrates how sexual minorities face extra challenges when one partner wants to break up and the other partner does not want the relationship to end.

I Ruminate Therefore I Violate: The Tainted Love of Anxiously Attached and Jealous Partners

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052096774
Author(s):  
Ayşegül Aracı-İyiaydın ◽  
Ezgi Toplu-Demirtaş ◽  
Nazlı Büşra Akçabozan-Kayabol ◽  
Frank D. Fincham
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Anxious Attachment ◽  
Mediational Model ◽  
Abusive Behavior ◽  
Dating Abuse ◽  
Cyber Dating Abuse ◽  
Cyber Abuse

Anxiously attached individuals worry about the psychological availability of their partners. Their preoccupation with unmet attachment related needs is likely accompanied by ruminative thoughts, feelings of jealousy, and dating abuse perpetration. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the prevalence of gender differences in perpetrating psychological and cyber dating abuse and to explore a hypothesized serial path from anxious attachment, through rumination, and cognitive jealousy to psychological and cyber dating abuse perpetration. The sample consisted of 562 (404 women) Turkish emerging adults. The majority of the sample perpetrated at least one psychological (88.9%) and cyber (68.4%) abusive behavior over the last six months, with women perpetrating more psychological and cyber abuse. We tested a serial mediational model for each type of dating abuse, which indicated that anxious attachment was related to more rumination (brooding), cognitive jealousy, and in turn, to psychological and cyber dating abuse perpetration. We discuss the implications of our study for research, theory, and practice.

Gender Difference in Living Apart Together

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-77
Author(s):  
Cynthia Grant Bowman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
The United States ◽  
Science Literature ◽  
Work Lives ◽  
Raising Children ◽  
Living Apart Together ◽  
The Social ◽  
Supportive Relationship

This chapter focuses on the attraction of a LAT lifestyle for women, in part based on indications from the social science literature from outside the United States and in part drawing on my interviews of women LATs in the United States and England. There are gender differences in living apart. LAT allows women to maintain their independence without forgoing the benefits of intimate relationships. For some women, who are intensely involved in their work lives, raising children from a previous marriage, or both, LAT offers a way to have a physically and emotionally supportive relationship when cohabitation or marriage would be difficult.

AGE, CULTURE, AND THE ANTECEDENTS OF LONELINESS

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 477-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ami Rokach ◽  
Felix Neto
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Situational Variables ◽  
Social Marginality

Loneliness is a pervasive experience which everyone has experienced. It is a subjective experience, which is influenced by one's personality and situational variables. This study examined the influence of age and culture on the perceived causes of loneliness. One thousand, three hundred and forty-seven Canadian and Portuguese participants from all walks of life volunteered to answer an 82-item yes/no questionnaire reflecting on the causes of their loneliness. The questionnaire used in this study is composed of the factors that describe causes of loneliness: Personal inadequacies, Developmental deficits, Unfulfilling intimate relationships, Relocation/significant separations, and Social marginality. Gender differences between and within the groups were also examined. Four age groups were compared: youth (13–18 years old), young adults (19–30), adults (31–58) and the elderly (60 and older). Within and between culture and age comparisons were also done. Results indicated that the causes of loneliness are perceived differently depending on one's age and culture.

Warning Signs of Partner Abuse in Intimate Relationships: Gender Differences in Young Adults’ Perceptions of Seriousness

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 1779-1802
Author(s):  
Anna Towler ◽  
Areana Eivers ◽  
Ron Frey
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Partner Abuse ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Warning Sign ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Perceived Seriousness

In response to the high rates of intimate partner abuse (IPA) among young adults and related negative health effects, this study examined 18- to 26-year-old Australians’ perceptions of unhealthy partner behaviors that may constitute early warning signs of abuse in intimate relationships. This research is the first to examine gender differences on this issue in a young adult population. A convenience sample of 49 males and 152 females ( N = 201) completed an online survey, rating how seriously they viewed a list of partner warning sign behaviors (WSBs). WSBs consisted of three subscales: Dominance-Possessiveness, Denigration, and Conflict-Retaliation. Participants’ perceived seriousness of WSBs was analyzed by gender and WSB type. Results revealed large and significant gender differences in perceptions of WSBs, with females likely to rate all WSBs more seriously than males. Furthermore, females’ responses were negatively skewed and leptokurtotic indicating high levels of convergence in the view that such behaviors are a concern. Analysis by WSB type revealed that conflict-retaliation behaviors were perceived most seriously by both genders, with more than half of males and 67% of females rating these as very serious. In contrast, significantly lower levels of perceived seriousness were observed for denigration and dominance-possessiveness behaviors. Half to two thirds of females viewed dominance-possessiveness and denigration WSBs as very serious, respectively, whereas just one third of males endorsed both these WSB types as very serious. Findings reveal that females have a heightened awareness of the subtle warning signs of abuse in intimate relationships and that as partner WSBs become more overt, both genders are more likely to recognize them as serious. Findings also indicate that subtler WSBs, such as control and denigration, are less readily identified as unhealthy, particularly among males.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document