Cognitive–behavioural assessment

1989 ◽  
pp. 13-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Direct Observation ◽  
Third Parties ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Physiological Measures ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Behavioural Assessment ◽  
Assessment And Treatment

This chapter considers cognitive–behavioural assessment, its goals, modes of assessment, measurement in cognitive–behavioural assessment and treatment, and sources of information (behavioural interviewing, self-monitoring, self-report questionnaires, information from third parties, direct observation, and physiological measures).

Social phobia in children and adolescents: assessment and treatment

1996 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-106
Author(s):  
Neville King ◽  
Chris Madden ◽  
Bruce Tonge
Keyword(s):  
Social Phobia ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Assessment Instruments ◽  
Research Support ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Behavioural Strategies

A small proportion of children and adolescents experience a debilitating level of social anxiety, known as social phobia. Initially, we consider the phenomenology and aetiology of social phobia in children and adolescents. A number of age-sensitive assessment instruments or tools are briefly considered: a diagnostic interview, self-report instruments, cognitive assessment and self-monitoring. We explore cognitive-behavioural strategies that have been found to be useful in the management of social phobia. Although there is much research support for the efficacy of cognitive-behavioural strategies for adults with social phobia, it is emphasized that controlled evaluations have yet to be undertaken with socially phobic youngsters.

Assessment and Modification of Marital Communication

1989 ◽  
Vol 6 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 124-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Noller ◽  
Diane Guthrie
Keyword(s):  
Direct Observation ◽  
Marital Therapy ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Marital Communication ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
Dysfunctional Communication ◽  
The Relationship

Our aim in this paper is to provide researchers and practitioners with a brief overview of current approaches to the assessment and treatment of dysfunctional communication in marriage. In our discussion of assessment, we examine four basic types of procedures: questionnaires, self-monitoring techniques, interviews and techniques involving the direct observation of interaction. We conclude that both insider (spouses' perceptions and interpretations gathered through self-report and self-monitoring) and outsider (direct observation of interaction) provide different but equally valid information about the relationship. Therapists and researchers are encouraged to use both types of information. Our discussion of therapeutic techniques includes the three major components of Behavioural Marital Therapy (BMT): Behaviour Exchange, Communication Training and Problem-Solving Training. We also focus on the importance of considering spouses' cognitions and emotional reactions, particularly those related to sex roles, when designing therapeutic approaches. Issues related to assessing the efficacy of therapy outcome are also discussed.

Old Habits Die Hard

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 411-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amber A. Martinson ◽  
Douglas W. Nangle ◽  
Nina Boulard ◽  
Sandra T. Sigmon
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scales ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Reversal Training ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Skin Picking ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Habit Reversal Training ◽  
Treatment Gains ◽  
Five Phases

This article describes the course of treatment for a 55-year-old woman presenting with a particularly challenging case of skin picking disorder. Treatment consisted of five phases (psychoeducation, habit-reversal training, cognitive training, exposure, and relapse prevention), over an 11-month period, in which each new phase built on to the previous phase. Digital photos of wounds resulting from skin picking were also taken during treatment. Several sources of information (continuous self-monitoring, rating scales, self-report, photos) indicated significant treatment gains, especially following Phases 3 and 4. Several challenges were encountered, most notably designing exposure-based techniques that were tailored to match the client’s needs and content of symptoms. Several treatment implications are discussed, including tailoring manualized treatments, managed care concerns, and suggestions for clinicians and supervisors. Taken together, this study adds to the scant literature on treatment of skin picking in older, typically developing adults.

Rumination and Experiential Avoidance in Depression

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemille Cribb ◽  
Michelle L. Moulds ◽  
Sally Carter
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Experiential Avoidance ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Film Clip ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Video Stimulus

AbstractRecent investigations have demonstrated a renewed interest in the role of avoidance in depression; however, little is known of which specific forms of avoidance — cognitive, behavioural or experiential — are important in this context. This study examined (a) the relationship between depression, rumination and these subtypes of avoidance, and (b) the proposal that the abstract/analytical nature of ruminative thought is linked to experiential avoidance. A nonclinical sample (N = 101) of undergraduate students completed self-report measures of depression, rumination, avoidance and mood state and viewed a low mood emotion-eliciting video stimulus. Participants' written summary of the film clip was independently rated for the degree to which it was abstract or concrete. Rumination, depression and cognitive, behavioural and experiential avoidance were all significantly correlated and remained so when anxiety was controlled. Further, reduced concreteness of description of the film clip was associated with experiential avoidance and rumination. Taken together, the findings underscore the value of clinicians being attentive to experiential avoidance in the assessment and treatment of depression.

Measuring the Big Five in Self-Report and Other Ratings

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Barbaranelli ◽  
Gian Vittorio Caprara
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Error Variance ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Third Person ◽  
Fit Indexes ◽  
Response Modes

Summary: The aim of the study is to assess the construct validity of two different measures of the Big Five, matching two “response modes” (phrase-questionnaire and list of adjectives) and two sources of information or raters (self-report and other ratings). Two-hundred subjects, equally divided in males and females, were administered the self-report versions of the Big Five Questionnaire (BFQ) and the Big Five Observer (BFO), a list of bipolar pairs of adjectives ( Caprara, Barbaranelli, & Borgogni, 1993 , 1994 ). Every subject was rated by six acquaintances, then aggregated by means of the same instruments used for the self-report, but worded in a third-person format. The multitrait-multimethod matrix derived from these measures was then analyzed via Structural Equation Models according to the criteria proposed by Widaman (1985) , Marsh (1989) , and Bagozzi (1994) . In particular, four different models were compared. While the global fit indexes of the models were only moderate, convergent and discriminant validities were clearly supported, and method and error variance were moderate or low.

Assessing OCD Symptoms and Severity

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole M. Dorfan ◽  
Sheila R. Woody
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Behavioral Assessment ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Evidence Based Treatment ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Symptom Profile ◽  
Diagnostic Interviews

This chapter describes methods and tools for assessing obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). The chapter outlines the purposes of assessment and discusses special challenges presented by OCD, such as shame associated with socially unacceptable obsessional content. Several types of assessment tools are discussed, including structured diagnostic interviews, semistructured clinician interviews to assess OCD symptom profile and severity, self-report instruments, behavioral assessment and self-monitoring, assessment of appraisals and beliefs relevant to OCD, and functional impairment. The importance of linking assessment findings to an evidence-based treatment plan is discussed.

scholarly journals The Utility of Physiological Measures in Assessing the Empathic Skills of Incarcerated Violent Offenders

2021 ◽  
pp. 0306624X2199405
Author(s):  
Julie Palix ◽  
Ahmad Abu-Akel ◽  
Valérie Moulin ◽  
Milena Abbiati ◽  
Jacques Gasser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Violent Offenders ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Reactivity Index ◽  
Physiological Measures ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Forensic Research ◽  
Violent Behaviors ◽  
Psychometric Measures ◽  
Positive Correlations

Since lack of empathy is an important indicator of violent behaviors, researchers need consistent and valid measures. This study evaluated the practical significance of a potential physiological correlate of empathy compared to a traditional self-report questionnaire in 18 male violent offenders and 21 general population controls. Empathy skills were assessed with the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) questionnaire. Heart-Rate Variability (HRV) was assessed with an electrocardiogram. The RMSSD (Root Mean Square of the Successive beat-to-beat Differences), an HRV index implicated in social cognition, was calculated. There were no group differences in IRI scores. However, RMSSD was lower in the offender group. Positive correlations between RMSSD and IRI subscales were found for controls only. We conclude that psychometric measures of empathy do not discriminate incarcerated violent offenders, and that the incorporation of psychophysiological measures, such as HRV, could be an avenue for forensic research on empathy to establish translatable evidence-based information.

Validation predicting premature drop-out from treatment provided in training clinics

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-120
Author(s):  
Kristen P. Howard ◽  
Erin M. Altenburger ◽  
Jennifer S. Cheavens
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Client Perceptions ◽  
Therapist Experience ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Trainee Therapists ◽  
Training Clinics

AbstractBackground:Therapist validation in treatment is theorized to be related to positive outcomes (Linehan, 1993), including keeping patients in therapy longer.Aims:We sought to evaluate the role of therapist validation from both therapists’ and clients’ perspectives as a predictor of drop-out from psychotherapy in three cognitive behavioural training clinics.Method:Clients in psychotherapy (n = 50; 80% female; 82% Caucasian) and their trainee therapists (n = 22; 68% female; 86% Caucasian) rated validation by the therapist at each of four early sessions of therapy.Results:After accounting for symptom severity, clients who reported greater therapist validation were less likely to drop out of treatment. Therapist ratings of their own validating behaviours were unrelated to client drop-out. Therapist experience moderated the relation between client-rated validation and drop-out, such that validation was unrelated to drop-out for more experienced therapists.Conclusions:Assessing and attending to client perceptions of validation by the therapist early in treatment, with brief self-report inventories, can alert therapists to clients at greater risk of drop-out.

scholarly journals Multimodal prediction of trait emotional intelligence–Through affective changes measured using non-contact based physiological measures

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0254335
Author(s):  
Vrinda Prajapati ◽  
Rajlakshmi Guha ◽  
Aurobinda Routray
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Autonomic Response ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Physiological Measures ◽  
Trait Emotional Intelligence ◽  
High Stake ◽  
Fmcw Radar

Inability to efficiently deal with emotionally laden situations, often leads to poor interpersonal interactions. This adversely affects the individual’s psychological functioning. A higher trait emotional intelligence (EI) is not only associated with psychological wellbeing, educational attainment, and job-related success, but also with willingness to seek professional and non-professional help for personal-emotional problems, depression and suicidal ideation. Thus, it is important to identify low (EI) individuals who are more prone to mental health problems than their high EI counterparts, and give them the appropriate EI training, which will aid in preventing the onset of various mood related disorders. Since people may be unaware of their level of EI/emotional skills or may tend to fake responses in self-report questionnaires in high stake situations, a system that assesses EI using physiological measures can prove affective. We present a multimodal method for detecting the level of trait Emotional intelligence using non-contact based autonomic sensors. To our knowledge, this is the first work to predict emotional intelligence level from physiological/autonomic (cardiac and respiratory) response patterns to emotions. Trait EI of 50 users was measured using Schutte Self Report Emotional Intelligence Test (SSEIT) along with their cardiovascular and respiratory data, which was recorded using FMCW radar sensor both at baseline and while viewing affective movie clips. We first examine relationships between users’ Trait EI scores and autonomic response and reactivity to the clips. Our analysis suggests a significant relationship between EI and autonomic response and reactivity. We finally attempt binary EI level detection using linear SVM. We also attempt to classify each sub factor of EI, namely–perception of emotion, managing own emotions, managing other’s emotions, and utilization of emotions. The proposed method achieves an EI classification accuracy of 84%, while accuracies ranging from 58 to 76% is achieved for recognition of the sub factors. This is the first step towards identifying EI of an individual purely through physiological responses. Limitation and future directions are discussed.

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