Advances in Rehabilitation and Health Assessments

2016 ◽  
pp. 244-256
Author(s):  
Elias Mpofu ◽  
Ros Madden ◽  
Richard Madden ◽  
David Kellett ◽  
David B. Peterson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Support Services ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Life Domains ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Health Assessments ◽  
The Future ◽  
Health And Disease

This chapter considers the types of measures used in rehabilitation and health settings, including their alignment with the major health and disease diagnostic and classification systems. The chapter provides an overview of the needs that are served by rehabilitation and health assessments and highlights the increasing importance of measures that yield data to guide decisions to support functioning across a broad range of life domains. It makes the case for prospective rehabilitation and health assessments that predict more reliably future functioning in preferred activities taking into account personal and environment interactions. Environmental factors include the context for both achieved and aspired participation and for which rehabilitation and health supports are intended. The future of rehabilitation and health assessments is tied to their ability to provide data that translate directly into needed support services for maximal participation by people living with debilitating health conditions.

scholarly journals Risk factors and mechanisms of stroke in young adults: The FUTURE study

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 1631-1641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayte E van Alebeek ◽  
Renate M Arntz ◽  
Merel S Ekker ◽  
Nathalie E Synhaeve ◽  
Noortje AMM Maaijwee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Future Study ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Young Stroke ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Future

Incidence of ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack in young adults is rising. However, etiology remains unknown in 30–40% of these patients when current classification systems designed for the elderly are used. Our aim was to identify risk factors according to a pediatric approach, which might lead to both better identification of risk factors and provide a stepping stone for the understanding of disease mechanism, particularly in patients currently classified as “unknown etiology”. Risk factors of 656 young stroke patients (aged 18–50) of the FUTURE study were categorized according to the “International Pediatric Stroke Study” (IPSS), with stratification on gender, age and stroke of “unknown etiology”. Categorization of risk factors into ≥1 IPSS category was possible in 94% of young stroke patients. Chronic systemic conditions were more present in patients aged <35 compared to patients ≥35 (32.6% vs. 15.6%, p < 0.05). Among 226 patients classified as “stroke of unknown etiology” using TOAST, we found risk factors in 199 patients (88%) with the IPSS approach. We identified multiple risk factors linked to other mechanisms of stroke in the young than in the elderly . This can be a valuable starting point to develop an etiologic classification system specifically designed for young stroke patients.

Artificial Intelligence as a Growth Engine for Health Care Startups: Emerging Business Models

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Garbuio ◽  
Nidthida Lin
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future

The future of health care may change dramatically as entrepreneurs offer solutions that change how we prevent, diagnose, and cure health conditions, using artificial intelligence (AI). This article provides a timely and critical analysis of AI-driven health care startups and identifies emerging business model archetypes that entrepreneurs from around the world are using to bring AI solutions to the marketplace. It identifies areas of value creation for the application of AI in health care and proposes an approach to designing business models for AI health care startups.

scholarly journals Future Internet and Reconfigurable Computing:Considerations on Flexibility and Security

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Daniel Mesquita ◽  
Pedro Frosi
Keyword(s):  
Support Services ◽  
Reconfigurable Computing ◽  
Future Internet ◽  
Enabling Technology ◽  
The Future ◽  
Quality Scalability

<div data-canvas-width="547.27795779347">The Future Internet is expected to support services in both existing and new scenarios, in terms of mobility, quality, scalability and security, among other. In this work we present how reconfigurable Computing (RC) may contribute to build Future Internet (FI) flexibility and security. Therefore, we discuss some aspects of FI initiatives that can be addressed by Reconfigurable Computing. Then we show some features of the Reconfigurable Computing enabling technology – FPGA – which can help to build a more flexible and secure Future Internet. The concluding remarks concern the need to bring together FI and RC researchers.</div>

scholarly journals Dysbiosis From a Microbial and Host Perspective Relative to Oral Health and Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Cugini ◽  
Narayanan Ramasubbu ◽  
Vincent K. Tsiagbe ◽  
Daniel H. Fine
Keyword(s):  
Oral Disease ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Oral Infections ◽  
The Future ◽  
Technical Advances ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Oral Microbiology ◽  
Immunological Research

The significance of microbiology and immunology with regard to caries and periodontal disease gained substantial clinical or research consideration in the mid 1960's. This enhanced emphasis related to several simple but elegant experiments illustrating the relevance of bacteria to oral infections. Since that point, the understanding of oral diseases has become increasingly sophisticated and many of the original hypotheses related to disease causality have either been abandoned or amplified. The COVID pandemic has reminded us of the importance of history relative to infectious diseases and in the words of Churchill “those who fail to learn from history are condemned to repeat it.” This review is designed to present an overview of broad general directions of research over the last 60 years in oral microbiology and immunology, reviewing significant contributions, indicating emerging foci of interest, and proposing future directions based on technical advances and new understandings. Our goal is to review this rich history (standard microbiology and immunology) and point to potential directions in the future (omics) that can lead to a better understanding of disease. Over the years, research scientists have moved from a position of downplaying the role of bacteria in oral disease to one implicating bacteria as true pathogens that cause disease. More recently it has been proposed that bacteria form the ecological first line of defense against “foreign” invaders and also serve to train the immune system as an acquired host defensive stimulus. While early immunological research was focused on immunological exposure as a modulator of disease, the “hygiene hypothesis,” and now the “old friends hypothesis” suggest that the immune response could be trained by bacteria for long-term health. Advanced “omics” technologies are currently being used to address changes that occur in the host and the microbiome in oral disease. The “omics” methodologies have shaped the detection of quantifiable biomarkers to define human physiology and pathologies. In summary, this review will emphasize the role that commensals and pathobionts play in their interaction with the immune status of the host, with a prediction that current “omic” technologies will allow researchers to better understand disease in the future.

scholarly journals Implications of predictable and unpredictable environmental factors in common bean VCU trials in Minas Gerais

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 146-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidiane Kely de Lima ◽  
Magno Antonio Patto Ramalho ◽  
Ângela de Fátima Barbosa Abreu ◽  
Fernando Henrique Ribeiro Barrozo Toledo ◽  
Ricardo Augusto Diniz Cabral Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Total Variation ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
The State ◽  
Good Strategy ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Environmental Variations

The aim of this study was to estimate the relative contribution of predictable and unpredictable environmental variations to the lines x environments interaction and verify if it is possible to reduce the number of evaluation environments of the Value for Cultivation and Use Trials (VCU) conducted in Minas Gerais, Brazil. We used grain yield data from 166 VCU trials of common bean conducted in the state from 2002 to 2012. Individual and joint analyses of variance of the environments were carried out for each two-year period and the contribution of each source of variation to total variation was estimated. Subsequently, ecovalence was used, and joint analyses of variance were made considering different numbers of environments by means of resampling. The source of variation that most contributes to the interaction is location. Reduction in the number of environments in the VCU trials is not a good strategy for recommendation of cultivars in Minas Gerais.

Exotic woody plant invaders of the Transvaal

Bothalia ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 15 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 297-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Henderson ◽  
K. J. Musil
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Melia Azedarach ◽  
Acacia Mearnsii ◽  
Opuntia Ficus Indica ◽  
Plant Invaders ◽  
The Future ◽  
Salix Babylonica ◽  
Invasion Patterns ◽  
Populus Spp

The frequency and abundance o ;f exotic, woody plant invaders were recorded in 60% of the quarter degree squares in the study area. Sixty-one invaders were encountered o f which the most important and aggressive were Acacia dealbaia, Populus spp.,  Melia azedarach, Opuntia ficus-indica, Salix babylonica and  Acacia mearnsii. Invasion patterns are discussed and an attempt is made to correlate distribution with environmental factors. Attention is drawn to the areas of greatest invasion and the areas that are liable to show the greatest expansion in the future.

scholarly journals The Association Between Health Conditions, Consciousness, Involvement, and Knowledge and Dietary Supplement Intake among University Students in South Korea

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (20) ◽  
pp. 4028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinkyung Choi
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Intention To Purchase ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
The Future ◽  
Supplement Intake

Dietary supplements (DSs) are typically used by the elderly in a population, but younger age groups are increasingly purchasing these products. In consideration of this issue, the present study investigated the DS-related behaviors and general lifestyles of university students in South Korea. The health conditions, consciousness, involvement, and knowledge, as well as the future behavioral intentions, of DS users and non-users were determined and compared. A survey was administered to the respondents, and measurements were adapted and rephrased to suit the Korean context. Results showed that although the behaviors of DS users and non-users were characterized by similar patterns, significant differences in health involvement and future purchase were found between these groups. Health involvement influenced DSs buying intentions in the future, but no significant differences in the other variables were found. The findings suggested that university students take DSs regardless of their expectations about their efficacy and that their knowledge does not affect their intention to purchase such products.

scholarly journals Correlations between the Quality of Life Domains and Clinical Variables in Sarcopenic Osteoporotic Postmenopausal Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Cevei ◽  
Roxana Ramona Onofrei ◽  
Felicia Cioara ◽  
Dorina Stoicanescu
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Life Domains ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

(1) Background: both sarcopenia and osteoporosis are major health problems in postmenopausal women. The aim of the study was to evaluate the quality of life (QoL) and the associated factors for sarcopenia in osteoporotic postmenopausal women, diagnosed according to EWGSOP2 criteria. (2) Methods: the study sample comprised 122 osteoporotic postmenopausal women with low hand grip strength and was divided into two groups: group 1 (probable sarcopenia) and group 2 (sarcopenia). QoL was assessed using the validated Romanian version of SarQol questionnaire. (3) Results: the D1, D4, D5, D7 and total SarQoL scores were significantly lower in women from group 2 compared to group 1. In group 2, women older than 70 years had significant lower values for D1, D3, D4, D6 and total SarQoL scores. Age, history of falls and the presence of confirmed and severe sarcopenia were predictors for overall QoL. (4) Conclusions: the frequency of sarcopenia was relatively high in our sample, with body mass index and history of falls as predictors for sarcopenia. Older osteoporotic postmenopausal women, with previous falls and an established sarcopenia diagnosis (low muscle strength and low muscle mass), were more likely to have a decreased quality of life.

Perspectives concerning the future when time is suspended: Analysing inmates’ discourse

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-311
Author(s):  
Renato Gomes Carvalho ◽  
Regina Capelo ◽  
Diana Nuñez
Keyword(s):  
Time Perspective ◽  
Emotional Valence ◽  
Future Time Perspective ◽  
Life Domains ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Future Time ◽  
The Future ◽  
Male Prisoners ◽  
Relevant Factors ◽  
Future Plans

Research has shown the importance of prospective thinking in the understanding of individual behaviour across different contexts. However, there has not been extensive attention paid to individuals’ future time perspective (FTP) in non-normative contexts, such as prison, especially using qualitative research methods. In this study, we qualitatively analyse the FTP of 16 Portuguese male prisoners, ranging in age from 24 to 51 years ( M = 35, SD = 8 (idem)) and serving sentences from one to 25 years ( M = 8.6, SD = 7.3). Through content analysis of data obtained in semi-structured interviews, four main categories emerged: life prior to prison, adaptation to prison, activities in prison, and perspectives concerning the future. Considering the primary features of FTP (content, extension, valence), we determined that prisoners develop FTP in different life domains. However, the extension and emotional valence of their FTP were influenced by the sentence time and perceived social support. The results are discussed regarding the importance of counselling and of the construction of future plans in the context of prison as relevant factors for individual adaptability.

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