SP274TIMING OF SPOT URINARY SAMPLE COLLECTION FOR THE ESTIMATION OF THE 24-HOUR PROTEINURIA IN CHRONIC GLOMERULAR KIDNEY DISEASE

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuša Avguštin Rotar ◽  
Jelka Lindič
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Urinary Sample

scholarly journals Current Issues in Measurement and Reporting of Urinary Albumin Excretion

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Greg Miller ◽  
David E Bruns ◽  
Glen L Hortin ◽  
Sverre Sandberg ◽  
Kristin M Aakre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Urinary Albumin ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Albumin Excretion ◽  
Urine Albumin ◽  
Progression Of Kidney Disease ◽  
Patient Preparation

Abstract Background: Urinary excretion of albumin indicates kidney damage and is recognized as a risk factor for progression of kidney disease and cardiovascular disease. The role of urinary albumin measurements has focused attention on the clinical need for accurate and clearly reported results. The National Kidney Disease Education Program and the IFCC convened a conference to assess the current state of preanalytical, analytical, and postanalytical issues affecting urine albumin measurements and to identify areas needing improvement. Content: The chemistry of albumin in urine is incompletely understood. Current guidelines recommend the use of the albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) as a surrogate for the error-prone collection of timed urine samples. Although ACR results are affected by patient preparation and time of day of sample collection, neither is standardized. Considerable intermethod differences have been reported for both albumin and creatinine measurement, but trueness is unknown because there are no reference measurement procedures for albumin and no reference materials for either analyte in urine. The recommended reference intervals for the ACR do not take into account the large intergroup differences in creatinine excretion (e.g., related to differences in age, sex, and ethnicity) nor the continuous increase in risk related to albumin excretion. Discussion: Clinical needs have been identified for standardization of (a) urine collection methods, (b) urine albumin and creatinine measurements based on a complete reference system, (c) reporting of test results, and (d) reference intervals for the ACR.

scholarly journals Cohort profile: the Singapore diabetic cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e036443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miyang Luo ◽  
Linda Wei Lin Tan ◽  
Xueling Sim ◽  
Milly Khiam Hoon Ng ◽  
Rob Van Dam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Diabetic Kidney Disease ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Diabetic Kidney ◽  
New Biomarkers ◽  
Rich Data

PurposeThe diabetic cohort (DC) was set up to study the determinants of complications in individuals with type 2 diabetes and examine the role of genetic, physiological and lifestyle factors in the development of complications in these individuals.ParticipantsA total of 14 033 adult participants with type 2 diabetes were recruited from multiple public sector polyclinics and hospital outpatient clinics in Singapore between November 2004 and November 2010. The first round of follow-up was conducted for 4131 participants between 2012 and 2016; the second round of follow-up started in 2016 and is expected to end in 2021. A questionnaire survey, physical assessments, blood and urine sample collection were conducted at recruitment and each follow-up visit. The data set also includes genetic data and linkage to medical and administrative records for recruited participants.Findings to dateData from the cohort have been used to identify determinants of diabetes and related complications. The longitudinal data of medical records have been used to analyse diabetes control over time and its related outcomes. The cohort has also contributed to the identification of genetic loci associated with type 2 diabetes and diabetic kidney disease in collaboration with other large cohort studies. About 25 scientific papers based on the DC data have been published up to May 2019.Future plansThe rich data in DC can be used for various types of research to study disease-related complications in patients with type 2 diabetes. We plan to further investigate disease progression and new biomarkers for common diabetic complications, including diabetic kidney disease and diabetic neuropathy.

scholarly journals Chronic Kidney Disease Cohort Studies: A Guide to Metabolome Analyses

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 460
Author(s):  
Ulla T. Schultheiss ◽  
Robin Kosch ◽  
Fruzsina Kotsis ◽  
Michael Altenbuchinger ◽  
Helena U. Zacharias
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Human Kidney ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Metabolomics Data ◽  
Study Planning

Kidney diseases still pose one of the biggest challenges for global health, and their heterogeneity and often high comorbidity load seriously hinders the unraveling of their underlying pathomechanisms and the delivery of optimal patient care. Metabolomics, the quantitative study of small organic compounds, called metabolites, in a biological specimen, is gaining more and more importance in nephrology research. Conducting a metabolomics study in human kidney disease cohorts, however, requires thorough knowledge about the key workflow steps: study planning, sample collection, metabolomics data acquisition and preprocessing, statistical/bioinformatics data analysis, and results interpretation within a biomedical context. This review provides a guide for future metabolomics studies in human kidney disease cohorts. We will offer an overview of important a priori considerations for metabolomics cohort studies, available analytical as well as statistical/bioinformatics data analysis techniques, and subsequent interpretation of metabolic findings. We will further point out potential research questions for metabolomics studies in the context of kidney diseases and summarize the main results and data availability of important studies already conducted in this field.

scholarly journals Screening and Analysis of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria during Pregnancy

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-174
Author(s):  
Zahra Hoodbhoy ◽  
Arshia Javed ◽  
Aisha S Wali
Keyword(s):  
Local Population ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The Social ◽  
Urinary Sample ◽  
Overall Resistance ◽  
In Pregnancy

ABSTRACT Aim Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) is a common condition in pregnancy. The aim of our study is to estimate the rate of ASB, causative organisms, and antibiotic sensitivity in a secondary care hospital. Materials and methods Midstream clean catch urinary sample was collected from 149 women between 12 and 28 weeks of gestation. Those with urinary symptoms, diagnosed for urinary tract infection (UTI), with vaginal bleeding or vaginal discharge, and who had given antibiotics within 7 days preceding sample collection were excluded. Data were collected from medical records, and statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 19. Results Asymptomatic bacteriuria was seen in 26% (n = 39) of the women. No association of age, parity, gestational age, body mass index (BMI), and diabetes was found with ASB. The most common pathogen isolated was Escherichia coli (46%) followed by Streptococcus (17.9%) and Staphylococcus aureus (10.3%). Fosfomycin with 94.4% sensitivity and nitrofurantoin with 89% sensitivity were seen as first- and second-line antibiotics for treatment of E. coli. Overall sensitivity of all isolates was 69.20% for fosfomycin, 66.6% for ceftriaxone, and 61% for augmentin. The three most common antibiotics (i.e., penicillin, pipemidic acid, and ampicillin) used in pregnancy showed highest overall resistance for all isolates. Conclusion Incidence of ASB was significantly high. The most common bacteria isolated was E. coli. Clinical significance Due to large variance in prevalence worldwide, incidences should be studied in local population and antibiotics should be prescribed according to culture and sensitivity to address the issue of multidrug resistance. How to cite this article Javed A, Wali AS, Hoodbhoy Z. Screening and Analysis of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria during Pregnancy. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2016;8(3):171-174.

scholarly journals Changes of protein levels in human urine reflect the dysregulation of signaling pathways of chronic kidney disease and its complications

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiming Hao ◽  
Luis Tanon Reyes ◽  
Robert Morris ◽  
Yifeng Xu ◽  
Yiqin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Receptor Interaction ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Technology ◽  
Urine Testing ◽  
Abundance Proteins

AbstractThe increasing prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) seriously is threatening human health and overall quality of life. The discovery of biomarkers of pathogenesis of CKD and the associated complications are very important for CDK diagnosis and treatment. In this paper, urine protein biomarkers were investigated because urine sample collection is convenient and non-invasive. We analyzed the protein concentrations in the urine of CKD patients and extracted abnormal protein signals comparing with the healthy control groups. The enriched signaling pathways that may characterize CKD pathology were identified from these proteins. We applied surface-enhanced laser desorption and ionization time of flight mass spectrometry technology to detect different protein peaks in urine samples from patients with CKD and healthy controls. We searched the proteins corresponding to protein peaks through the UniProt database and identified the signaling pathways of CKD and its complications by using the NIH DAVID database. 42 low abundance proteins and 46 high abundance proteins in the urine samples from CKD patients were found by comparing with healthy controls. Seven KEGG pathways related to CKD and its complications were identified from the regulated proteins. These pathways included chemokine signaling pathway, cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction, oxidative phosphorylation, cardiac muscle contraction, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson's disease, and salivary secretion. In CKD stages 2, 3, 4, and 5, five proteins showed significantly differential abundances. The differential protein signals and regulated signaling pathways will provide new insight for the pathogenesis of CKD and its complications. These altered proteins may also be used as novel biomarkers for the noninvasive and convenient diagnosis methods of CKD and its complications through urine testing in the future.

scholarly journals A revalidation and critique of assumptions about urinary sample collection methods, specimen quality and contamination

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1255-1262
Author(s):  
Linda Collins ◽  
Sanchutha Sathiananthamoorthy ◽  
Jennifer Rohn ◽  
James Malone-Lee
Keyword(s):  
Sample Collection ◽  
Urinary Sample ◽  
Specimen Quality ◽  
Collection Methods

Evaluation of Acoustic Analyses of Voice in Nonoptimized Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
pp. 3991-3999
Author(s):  
Benjamin van der Woerd ◽  
Min Wu ◽  
Vijay Parsa ◽  
Philip C. Doyle ◽  
Kevin Fung
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Voice Quality ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Acoustic Measurements ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Environment Analysis ◽  
Acoustic Measures ◽  
Recording Conditions ◽  
Cepstral Peak Prominence

Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the fidelity and accuracy of a smartphone microphone and recording environment on acoustic measurements of voice. Method A prospective cohort proof-of-concept study. Two sets of prerecorded samples (a) sustained vowels (/a/) and (b) Rainbow Passage sentence were played for recording via the internal iPhone microphone and the Blue Yeti USB microphone in two recording environments: a sound-treated booth and quiet office setting. Recordings were presented using a calibrated mannequin speaker with a fixed signal intensity (69 dBA), at a fixed distance (15 in.). Each set of recordings (iPhone—audio booth, Blue Yeti—audio booth, iPhone—office, and Blue Yeti—office), was time-windowed to ensure the same signal was evaluated for each condition. Acoustic measures of voice including fundamental frequency ( f o ), jitter, shimmer, harmonic-to-noise ratio (HNR), and cepstral peak prominence (CPP), were generated using a widely used analysis program (Praat Version 6.0.50). The data gathered were compared using a repeated measures analysis of variance. Two separate data sets were used. The set of vowel samples included both pathologic ( n = 10) and normal ( n = 10), male ( n = 5) and female ( n = 15) speakers. The set of sentence stimuli ranged in perceived voice quality from normal to severely disordered with an equal number of male ( n = 12) and female ( n = 12) speakers evaluated. Results The vowel analyses indicated that the jitter, shimmer, HNR, and CPP were significantly different based on microphone choice and shimmer, HNR, and CPP were significantly different based on the recording environment. Analysis of sentences revealed a statistically significant impact of recording environment and microphone type on HNR and CPP. While statistically significant, the differences across the experimental conditions for a subset of the acoustic measures (viz., jitter and CPP) have shown differences that fell within their respective normative ranges. Conclusions Both microphone and recording setting resulted in significant differences across several acoustic measurements. However, a subset of the acoustic measures that were statistically significant across the recording conditions showed small overall differences that are unlikely to have clinical significance in interpretation. For these acoustic measures, the present data suggest that, although a sound-treated setting is ideal for voice sample collection, a smartphone microphone can capture acceptable recordings for acoustic signal analysis.

Issues in Language Sample Collection and Analysis With Children Using AAC

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gail Van Tatenhove
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Language Production ◽  
Expressive Language ◽  
Sample Analysis ◽  
Alternative Communication ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Language Sample Analysis ◽  
Language Sample

Language sample analysis is considered one of the best methods of evaluating expressive language production in speaking children. However, the practice of language sample collection and analysis is complicated for speech-language pathologists working with children who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) devices. This article identifies six issues regarding use of language sample collection and analysis in clinical practice with children who use AAC devices. The purpose of this article is to encourage speech-language pathologists practicing in the area of AAC to utilize language sample collection and analysis as part of ongoing AAC assessment.

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