Luca della Robbia (or the Della Robbia Family)

Art History ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Kupiec
Keyword(s):  
Production Quality ◽  
Leon Battista Alberti ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
The Family ◽  
Filippo Brunelleschi ◽  
New Form ◽  
Modern Artists

Florentine sculptor Luca della Robbia (b. 1399/1400–d. 1482) is best remembered as the inventor of a popular new form of glazed terracotta sculpture and as founder of the flourishing family workshop that produced it for roughly a century. He has long ranked among the greatest artists of the early Florentine Renaissance: tellingly, Leon Battista Alberti celebrated him as one of five exceptional modern artists in the dedication to his 1436 treatise On painting (Della pittura), alongside Filippo Brunelleschi, Donatello, Lorenzo Ghiberti, and Masaccio. Luca was a consummate craftsman, praised by writers during and after his lifetime for his activity in marble, bronze, terracotta, and even goldsmithery. Modern scholarship on the artist is substantial and has consistently sounded two notes, celebrating his exemplary classicizing style and recognizing that the story of his artistic success is also, simultaneously, that of a new sculptural medium. While the exact details of its initial development (accomplished by the year 1441) remain unknown, Luca’s glazed terracotta art soon attracted eminent patrons, such as Piero de’ Medici, and was praised by contemporaries as an invention. In the tradition of artistic family dynasties, Luca passed the secrets of his new art to his nephew, Andrea della Robbia (b. 1435–d. 1525), who succeeded him as head of the workshop. Andrea conducted a brisk business in glazed sculpture and taught the family craft to five of his sons: Marco (Fra Mattia, b. 1468–d. 1534), Giovanni (b. 1469–d. 1529/1530), Luca “il giovane” (b. 1475–d. 1548), Francesco (Fra Ambrogio, b. 1477–d. 1527/1528), and Girolamo (b. 1488–d. 1566). Andrea and Giovanni are the best-studied among these artists, while the others long suffered from general neglect owing to their geographically disperse activity and a perception that production quality fell with the later generations. Similarly under-studied are two final artists who made glazed sculptures: the Florentine Benedetto Buglioni (b. 1459/1460–d. 1521), who likely trained under Andrea and opened his own shop around 1480, and his adopted ward, Santi Buglioni (b. 1494–d. 1576). Recent scholarship has illuminated the ongoing efforts of the later artists in both families to integrate workshop traditions forged under Luca with new contexts and artistic innovations, all while serving patrons ranging from Franciscan friars to King François I of France.

scholarly journals An enigmatic cap-shaped fossil from the Middle Cambrian of North Greenland

1994 ◽  
Vol 169 ◽  
pp. 149-155
Author(s):  
J.S Peel
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Middle Cambrian ◽  
The Family ◽  
New Form ◽  
Invertebrate Fossils ◽  
North Greenland

Nyeboeconus robisoni gen. et sp. nov., is described from the Middle Cambrian Henson Gletscher Formation of western North Greenland. Some authors have interpreted similar shelIs as chondrophorine hydrozoans or invertebrate fossils of uncertain systematic position. The coiled, cap-shaped shell and the presence of an internal plate, or pegma, suggest, however, that this new form is the second genus to be described of the Family Enigmaconidae MacKinnon, 1985 (Mollusca, Class Helcionelloida), otherwise known only from rocks of similar age in New Zealand.

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Libra R. Hilde
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
White Men ◽  
African American Families ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Black Fathers ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
The Family ◽  
Slave Quarters ◽  
Patriarchal Power ◽  
American Families

The introduction presents an overview of the literature on the family and masculinity within slavery, arguing that in order to appreciate the adaptability and multiplicity of enslaved families, scholars should focus on how kin units functioned rather than on the form of households. To fully understand fatherhood within slavery, it is critical to recognize multilocal kin networks and to assess the contributions of non-resident, but engaged fathers. This book builds on recent scholarship that posits multiple masculinities in enslaved communities and explores the masculine hierarchy of slavery. In the Old South, masculinity took on a public and private dichotomy with public expressions of manhood available only to white men. Enslaved men could at times exhibit masculinity privately and within the bounds of the plantation and slave quarters. One consistent ideal of manhood in African American communities was that of caretaker. The introduction refutes misperceptions of African American families and missing Black fathers, arguing that because enslaved and postwar freedmen lacked access to recognized patriarchal power, their hidden caretaking behavior has long been obscured.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renaud Egreteau
Keyword(s):  
Political Process ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Direct Approach ◽  
Conducting State ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
General Elections ◽  
New Form ◽  
Military Institution

This section introduces the book’s main discussion on the new form of rule and governance which has taken shape in post-junta Myanmar in the first half of the 2010s. Reviewing the recent scholarship on Myanmar’s ongoing transition, it argues that the armed forces, or Tatmadaw, have appeared as increasingly striving to shift their involvement in politics toward a less direct approach, tolerating relative criticism and opposition, granting civilians a greater role in conducting state business, while at the same time still holding on to numerous preserves and “caretaking” most of Myanmar’s political process. The introduction asks whether the transition as was “pacted” after the 2010 general elections, by a military institution in position of strength, can be consolidated further, given the myriad of challenges Myanmar’s polity and society continue to face.

The Family Model of Society and Russian National Identity in Sergei N. Glinka's Russian Messenger (1808-1812)

Slavic Review ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander M. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
National Identity ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Upper Class ◽  
Old Regime ◽  
Common People ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
Patriarchal Ideology ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Common

It was long accepted throughout the European world that a father's authority over his children should be unchallengeable and that the authority of monarchs and noble lords was absolute because they, too, were “fathers” to their subjects. A profound shift in this thinking occurred during the eighteenth century, however, as increasingly critical attitudes toward paternal authoritarianism subverted the patriarchal ideology that undergirded the old regime. Recent scholarship has even linked the outbreak of the American and French Revolutions to these changing beliefs about the nature of the family. These ideas had a powerful impact among Russia's westernized upper class and drove conservatives to search for a less harshly authoritarian justification for the old regime. Much soul-searching went into their attempt to reconcile autocracy and serfdom with the respect for human dignity and the delicate moral sensibilité that were increasingly expected of any cultivated European. Slavophilism, which glorified the common people and emphasized the duties of monarch and nobility, represented one outcome of this quest. The anguished process by which proto-Slavophile beliefs evolved out of the noble culture of the Catherinian age is strikingly apparent in the turbulent biography of the poet, playwright, journalist, and amateur historian Sergei Nikolaevich Glinka.

scholarly journals Guidance Behind Criticisms: The Good Parenting as Portrayed in the First Malay Autobiography

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Rahimah Hamdan ◽  
Arba’ie Sujud
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Single Study ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Family ◽  
New Form ◽  
The One ◽  
Harsh Criticism ◽  
The 19Th Century

This paper was aimed at identifying the guidance to parenting that emerged in the first Malay autobiography, the Hikayat Abdullah, and subsequently, to analyse those instructions on parenting in the context of the traditional Malay society of the 19th century. The recognition accorded to Abdullah Munshi as the Father of Modern Malay Literature has attracted various reactions from scholars. Some scholars regard Abdullah Munshi as the one who brought renewal to Malay literature through his courageous criticism of the customs and culture that had been in practice for generations. On the other hand, there are scholars who disapprove of that recognition being given to him and who consider Abdullah Munshi’s criticisms in his works as a deviation from the reality expressed in previous works. Nevertheless, not a single study has suggested that perhaps Abdullah Munshi firmly emphasized those criticisms with the intention of providing some sort of guidance. Hence, by analysing certain texts in the Hikayat Abdullah and by reviewing the evidence from the perspective of Swettenham (1895), who objectively evaluated the thinking and culture of the Malay community, this study was able to rectify the image of Abdullah Munshi, who, all this while, was considered to be pro-British because of his harsh criticism of the Malay community. Moreover, those criticisms were meant to provide guidance for the family institution, especially for parents. This indirectly proves that Abdullah Munshi took a serious view of parenting and believed that improvements were necessary to produce a dignified and civilized generation. In conclusion, the autobiography, the Hikayat Abdullah, was not just a new form of writing that deviated from the conventions of traditional Malay literature, but was the fruit of the wisdom of the author that was meant to benefit his readers.

scholarly journals De la famille marchande à la cour princière: I Libri della Famiglia de Leon Battista Alberti

2001 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
Maria Teresa Ricci
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Economy ◽  
Leon Battista Alberti ◽  
Major Work ◽  
Household Management ◽  
Centre Of Gravity ◽  
The Family ◽  
Courtly Life ◽  
The Ideal

This article concerns a major work by Alberti in the tradition of treatises on household management. The first three books construct the ideal bourgeois domestic economy around the family; the fourth and last book shows that this ideal is being supplanted by the courtly model, whose centre of gravity is not the family but the court. But Alberti does not idealize the courtly life, as do most of the household treatises of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.

scholarly journals The Identification of Basic Problems on the Form and Functioning of the Family in Albanian Society

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 293
Author(s):  
Maria Dojce
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Family Relationship ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Global Culture ◽  
Socialization Process ◽  
Rural Regions ◽  
Norms And Values ◽  
The Family ◽  
New Form ◽  
Close Family

In this article the author has presented the form of Albanian family, the crucial problems and general mentality. Nowadays, the modern societies have built a new form of family, nuclear family or close family. This kind of family is much functional regarding the structure of the society, because we know that family relationship is very important for socialization process, and education of citizenship. On the other hand, the global culture and social development have generated importance of nuclear family in societies under transition, too. Albanian society has developed some forms of modernity but institution of family has not the clear form of the nuclear family. The tradition and psycho-social aspects have been the most difficult barriers for transformation of family. Some other issues discussed in this article are conservative mentality, the cultural heritage, the norms and values under the global inflection. In addition, the last approaches of the family institution in Albanian society have shown the influence of the issues mentioned above, but the rural regions have major problems yet.

Herdsmen and Stargazers: the Science of Philosophy in Plato’s Statesman

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 534-549
Author(s):  
Olof Pettersson
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
Scientific Philosophy ◽  
Theoretical Inquiry ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
New Form ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract Together with the Sophist, Plato’s Statesman is often taken to introduce and develop a new scientific form of theoretical inquiry, represented by the Eleatic visitor. This paper draws on recent scholarship on the Sophist and evaluates the reliability of this scientific approach when applied to political matters in the Statesman. It analyzes how the Eleatic visitor identifies and tries to mend two central mistakes in his own initial definition of the statesman and argues that the visitor’s treatment of three related topics – eugenics, tyranny and law – makes his line of reasoning inconsistent. Relying on Plato’s dramatic use of similar forms of argumentation elsewhere, it suggests that the Statesman is not designed to defend the political significance of the visitor’s new form of scientific philosophy, but that its purpose instead is to test and to critically examine the consequences of this line of inquiry.

Real Stable, Stable, And Not-So Stable Polyhedra: All Stemming From A New Family

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 251-256
Author(s):  
Joseph D. Clinton
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
The Other ◽  
Geometric Properties ◽  
New Family ◽  
Regular Polyhedra ◽  
The Family ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
New Form ◽  
Axes Of Symmetry

A description of a Family of Polyhedra is given where the parent forms are the five regular polyhedra. The facial planes of the parent forms are subdivided into right triangles and by a series of rearrangements are allowed to move out of plane thus creating new volumetric forms while maintaining the same surface area. The axes of symmetry of the parent polyhedra are preserved. One new form is less stable than the parent and the other is more stable than the parent; thus giving rise to a family of real stable, stable and not-so stable polyhedra. Illustrations of all fifteen polyhedra in the family are given along with tables describing several of their geometric properties. The influence of precision on geometrical stability will also be demonstrated as related to architectural applications.

Aux commencements de la perspective : section ou projection ?

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Céline Flécheux
Keyword(s):  
Leon Battista Alberti ◽  
Filippo Brunelleschi

La projection est-elle l’autre nom de la perspective centrale ? Incontestablement; mais si la méthode est bel et bien à l’oeuvre chez les artistes dès le 15e siècle, il ne faudra pas moins de deux siècles pour la nommer comme telle. Nous tenterons de comprendre sur quoi repose pareil décalage entre un nom (la projection) et sa pratique (la perspective). L’article se propose de définir la méthode projective en remontant aux sources des premières mises en perspective au 15e siècle, afin de rendre compte du rôle déterminant du miroir dans les nouvelles images. Filippo Brunelleschi, Leon Battista Alberti et Jan van Eyck sont les principales figures de la transformation de la perspective en méthode projective.

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