scholarly journals 115. Evaluation of the Clinical Impact of the T2MR for the Diagnosis of Bloodstream Infections

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S89-S89
Author(s):  
Tamara Seitz ◽  
Sebastian Baumgartner ◽  
Christoph Wenisch ◽  
Alexander Zoufaly
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Clinical Impact ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumanii ◽  
Eskape Pathogens ◽  
Positive Results

Abstract Background The EK-189 study evaluates the clinical impact of T2 magnetic resonance (T2MR) for rapid detection of bloodstream infections (BSI) caused by ESKAPE-pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumanii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli) compared with blood culture (BC). Here we present preliminary results from this ongoing study. Methods Patients newly admitted to an infectious diseases department with suspected blood stream infection with ESKAPE pathogens (based on predefined criteria) are included and randomized into BSI diagnosis with (a) T2MR and blood culture or (b) blood culture alone. Routine diagnostic workup including chest X-ray, complete laboratory workup (including blood count, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6) is performed in all patients. Antibiotic regimens are selected empirically based on suspected pathogens and are switched to targeted therapy at the discretion of the treating physician once a pathogen is detected. Outcome parameters include time to targeted (predefined) antibiotic therapy and time to discharge. Test characteristics of the T2MR compared with BC are also assessed. Results So far 44 patients were included (22 in each group). In 9/22 patients (41%) in the T2MR-group a pathogen was detected (4 Escherichia coli, 2 Klebsiella pneumoniae, 1 Staphylococcus aureus, 1 Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 1 Acinetobacter baumanii) and in 3/22 (14%) patients in the BC-group (all E. coli). The comparison of T2MR vs. BC is depicted in Table 1. Sensitivity and specificity of T2MR in comparison to BC were 100% and 64.7%. All positive results in T2MR were considered true positive results. The days until clinical improvement, the need for admission at ICU and the in-hospital mortality were similar in both groups. Conclusion The results from this preliminary analysis show that in patients with suspected BSI with ESKAPE pathogens, T2MR detects more pathogens than BC and potentially provides a quicker detection and shorter time to targeted therapy. Further analyses of this ongoing study with a larger sample size are needed to evaluate the impact of the use of T2MR on patient’s outcome Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals FLORAL EXTRACT OF Tibouchina granulosa (DESR.) COGN. PHYTOCHEMISTRY PROSPECTION, AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Antonio Carlos Pereira de Menezes Filho ◽  
Matheus Vinícius Abadia Ventura ◽  
Carlos Frederico de Souza Castro
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Floral Organ ◽  
Salt Formation ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Positive Results

Tibouchina granulosa is a species that blooms annually in several regions of Brazil. This species is still little explored in terms of phytocompounds in all organs of this plant, especially the floral organ. Flowers of T. granulosa were collected in the municipality of Rio Verde, Goiás, Brazil, in 2021. The hydroethanolic floral extract was prepared by maceration and qualitative phytochemical (colorimetric reactions and salt formation) and antibacterial analyzes performed and the results expressed in millimeters of inhibition at different concentrations in mg mL-1. Several phytochemical classes were observed with positive results, especially for alkaloids, phenolics, oxylates, saponins, carbohydrates and tannins. As for the bacterial assay, potential antibacterial activity was observed for all bacterial strains tested, except for Salmonella serovar Thyphymurium and serovar Enteritidis. Expressive inhibitions were observed for Enterococcus faecalis > Pseudomonas aeruginosa > Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli at the highest concentrations between 100-50 mg mL-1. The floral extract of Tibouchina granulosa showed phytotherapeutic potential with the presence of several phytochemical groups and expressive antibacterial activity.

scholarly journals Bacterial resistance trends among intraoperative bone culture of chronic osteomyelitis in an affiliated hospital of South China for twelve years

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianghong Zhang ◽  
Qiong Lu ◽  
Tang Liu ◽  
Zhihong Li ◽  
Weiliang Cai
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
South China ◽  
Chronic Osteomyelitis ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Bone Culture ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumanii ◽  
Unified Protocol ◽  
Positive Rate

Abstract Background The purpose of this study was to gather temporal trends on bacteria epidemiology and resistance of intraoperative bone culture from chronic ostemyelitis at an affiliated hospital in South China. Method Records of patients with chronic osteomyelitis from 2003 to 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. The medical data were extracted using a unified protocol. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out by means of a unified protocol using the Kirby-Bauer method, results were analyzed according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute definitions. Result Four hundred eighteen cases met our inclusion criteria. For pathogen distribution, the top five strains were Staphylococcus aureus (27.9%); Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12.1%); Enterobacter cloacae (9.5%); Acinetobacter baumanii (9.0%) and Escherichia coli (7.8%). Bacterial culture positive rate was decreased significantly among different year-groups. Mutiple bacterial infection rate was 28.1%. One strain of Staphylococcus aureus was resistant to linezolid and vancomycin. Resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa stains to Cefazolin, Cefuroxime, Cefotaxime, and Cefoxitin were 100% nearly. Resistance of Acinetobacter baumanii stains against Cefazolin, Cefuroxime were 100%. Ciprofloxacin resistance among Escherichia coli isolates increased from 25 to 44.4%. On the contrary, resistance of Enterobacter cloacae stains to Cefotaxime and Ceftazidime were decreased from 83.3 to 36.4%. Conclusions From 2003 to 2014, positive rate of intraoperative bone culture of chronic osteomyelitis was decreased; the proportion of Staphylococcus aureus was decreased gradually, and our results indicate the importance of bacterial surveilance studies about chronic osteomyelitis.

scholarly journals Prevalência de microrganismos em culturas de catéter

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Nathalia Calabresi ◽  
Leyde Daiane de Peder ◽  
Heloise Skiavine Madeira ◽  
Bruna Larissa Nascimento ◽  
Denise Michelle Indras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumanii

<p>Os cateteres intravenosos são de uso amplamente difundido em hospitais e por estarem em contato direto com a circulação sanguínea, tornam-se um potencial risco para a ocorrência de contaminação e infecção local e sistêmica, aumentando a mortalidade, o tempo de internação e consequentemente custos hospitalares. O presente estudo teve como objetivo realizar levantamento epidemiológico da prevalência de bactérias em pontas de cateteres provenientes de sete hospitais do município de Cascavel - Paraná. Foi realizado um estudo transversal por meio da coleta de dados em laudos emitidos por um laboratório clínico privado do mesmo município, entre os anos de 2011 a 2014. Verificou-se positividade em 21,68% dos laudos analisados (248). O grupo dos bacilos Gram negativos (BGN) foi o mais prevalente, sendo as principais bactérias encontradas <em>Escherichia coli</em> e <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> (84 laudos), seguidos de BGN não-fermentadores (79 laudos) e cocos Gram positivos (67 laudos). Leveduras foram encontradas em 18 laudos. <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> apresentaram uma resistência de 31,81% para oxacilina, sendo para <em>Staphylococcus</em> coagulase-negativa resistência de 86,96%. <em>Klebsiella pnemoniae</em> apresentou discreta resistência para ertapenem (9,52%), imipenem (7,14%) e meropenem (7,14%), sugerindo presença de carbapenemase. Espécies de <em>Enterobacter</em> foram resistentes a diversos antimicrobianos, não constatado resistência aos carbapenêmicos ertapenem, imipenem e meropenem. <em>Acinetobacter baumanii</em> e <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> apresentaram elevada resistência para imipenem e meropenem (77,14% e 45,16%; 80% e 51,61%, respectivamente). <em>Candida albicans</em> apresentou 100% de suscetibilidade aos antifúngicos utilizados. Esses resultados demonstram a grande importância no manejo eficiente do controle de infecção hospitalar e uso responsável de antimicrobianos por hospitais.</p>

scholarly journals Estudio in vitro de la acción microbicida del monopersulfato de potasio y el hipoclorito de sodio sobre los microorganismos más frecuentes en ambientes odontológicos

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Ezequiel Escudero Giacchella
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumanii

Las enfermedades transmitidas en los ambientes odontológicos constituyen un problema relevante en salud pública a nivel mundial; incluyendo en su etiología microorganismos oportunistas. Estos pueden adherirse fácilmente a distintas superficies de trabajo (mesadas, pisos, canillas, platinas de equipos odontológicos) desarrollando rápidamente la formación de biopelículas contaminantes (estructuras que contienen polisacáridos que originan una malla viscosa que permite la adhesión de otros gérmenes oportunistas). Las bacterias instaladas en la película son menos sensibles a desinfectantes que las planctónicas (libres o inmersas en un medio líquido). Entre los microorganismos oportunistas más frecuentes que se adhieren a diferentes sustratos figuran: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumanii y Aspergillus fumigatus. El objetivo general de esta investigación fue estudiar y comparar la acción microbicida del monopersulfato de potasio y el hipoclorito de sodio sobre los cinco microorganismos. Para cumplimentar el objetivo se utilizó in-vitro el método de dilución neutralización (AFNOR), para analizar el efecto microbicida del hipoclorito de sodio y el monopersulfato de potasio en cada unidad muestral (4 bacterias y 1 hongo). Las variables consideradas fueron: suspensión bacteriana/ fúngica, desinfectante y neutralizante. Los resultados obtenidos indicaron que el hipoclorito de sodio desarrolló acción microbicida en todas las cepas, mientras que el monopersulfato de potasio presentó sólo acción bactericida. Respecto a la acción fungicida del monopersulfato de potasio no hubo coincidencia con las indicaciones del fabricante en relación al tiempo de exposición, lográndose el efecto a las 10 horas de contacto. El conocimiento del mejor desinfectante en cada instancia particular; su acción; concentración; tiempo de exposición; técnica; almacenamiento y el control de las indicaciones del fabricante optimizan los resultados esperados.

scholarly journals Identificação e Avaliação do Perfil de Resistência de Bactérias Isoladas da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva de um Hospital da Região Noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-23
Author(s):  
Graciele Vanessa WISNIEWSKI ◽  
Tanise Maria FIORIN ◽  
IZABEL ALMEIDA ALVES
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Acinetobacter Calcoaceticus ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumanii ◽  
Terapia Intensiva

Objetivo: Determinar os microrganismos contaminantes do ambiente hospitalar e avaliar o perfil de resistência a antimicrobianos dos isolados oriundos da unidade de terapia intensiva adulta de um hospital localizado na região noroeste do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Métodos: Foram analisadas 216 amostras, coletadas das diferentes superfícies da unidade de terapia intensiva Adulta, em dois dias alternados, antes e depois da limpeza terminal. Os isolados foram identificados através de técnicas microbiológicas convencionais. Os testes de susceptibilidade foram realizados baseados no protocolo M100-S23 do CLSI, 2013. Resultados: Das 216 amostras, 115 (53,2 %) apresentaram crescimento microbiológico. Os microrganismos que apresentaram maior prevalência foram Staphylococcus coagulase negativo (43,4 %), seguido por Staphylococcus aureus (20,5 %), Bacilos gram positivos (14,7 %), Acinetobacter iwofii (4,9 %), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4,9 %), Klebsiella pneumoniae (4,1 %), Acinetobacter baumanii (2,5 %), Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (1,7%), Candida albicans, Escherichia coli e Citrobacter freundii (0,82%). Dentre os isolados cocos gram positivos 27,4 % apresentaram resistência a penicilina e 18,0 % a clindamicina, já entre as enterobacterias 25,0 % demonstraram resistência a amoxicilina e 14,3 % a ceftriaxona. Conclusão: Constatou-se que as maiores prevalências foram dos gêneros SCN, seguido por S. aureus, bem como, observou-se crescimento de microrganismos de importante patogenecidade. O perfil de sensibilidade demonstrou que as bactérias isoladas apresentam resistência a muito dos antibióticos utilizados. Diante dos fatos, a adoção de boas práticas de desinfecção e higiene são uma possibilidade para a redução da carga microbiana no ambiente hospitalar.

scholarly journals The Immunomodulatory Activity in vitro of NDV ZG1999HDS in Comparison to NDV La Sota

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bratko Filipič ◽  
Lidija Gradišnik ◽  
Adriana Pereyra ◽  
Hrvoje Mazija
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumanii ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Streptococcus Mutants

ABSTRACT. The immunotherapies, as a modern therapeutic approach, get an attention because of theirs&rsquo; promise to treat a large number of different medical disorders. Immunomodulation effects of low titres (10 HA/ml) of NDV (Newcastle Disease Virus) ZG1999HDS or La Sota were tested on TLT (Human macrophage cell line) bound to PBMC (Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells). During the immunomodulation, the amount of NO, H2O2, lysozym and induced antibacterial activity against Gram - positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae and Streptococcus mutants) and against Gram - negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis and Acinetobacter baumanii) were analysed. In addition, the cytokine secretion, IL-1&alpha;, IL-2, IL-4, GM-CSF, TNF-&alpha;, IFN-&alpha; and IFN-&alpha; were evaluated. Firstly, the TLT cells are activated through the NDV ZG1999HDS or La Sota binding, followed by the NO &ldquo;burst&rdquo; and H2O2 and lysozyme level increase. Secondly, after the binding to the TLT cells and interaction with the PBMCs, the decrease of GM-CSF, and an increase of TNF &ndash; &alpha; and IFN &ndash; &gamma; were found. Simultaneously, the decrease of pro &ndash; inflammatory cytokine IFN-&alpha; and the differentially increase of IL-1&alpha;, IL-2 and IL-4 were recorded. During the induction of the antibacterial response, against Gram - positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae and Streptococcus mutants) the effect was one third higher with NDV ZG1999HDS compared to La Sota. Antibacterial response against Gram - negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis and Acinetobacter baumanii) was not so clear. In general, NDV ZG1999HDS or La Sota activated TLT cells, further bound to PBMC; the ZG1999HDS is stronger immunomodulator than La Sota.

Activité antibactérienne de l’huile essentielle de Pelargonium x asperum et son potentiel synergique avec la nisine

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ouelhadj ◽  
L. Ait Salem ◽  
D. Djenane
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Nous Avons ◽  
Activité Antibactérienne

Ce travail vise l’étude de l’activité antibactérienne de l’huile essentielle (HE) de Pelargoniumx asperum et de la bactériocine, la nisine seul et en combinaison vis-à-vis de six bactéries dont quatre sont multirésistantes d’origine clinique. L’activité antibactérienne in vitro a été évaluée par la méthode de diffusion sur gélose. La concentration minimale inhibitrice (CMI) est aussi déterminée pour HE. Les résultats ont révélé une activité antibactérienne significative exercée par HE visà-vis de Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 43300), Staphylococcus aureus et Escherichia coli avec des diamètres d’inhibition de 36,00 ; 22,50 et 40,00 mm, respectivement. Cependant, l’HE de Pelargonium asperum a montré une activité antibactérienne supérieure par rapport à la nisine. Les valeurs des CMI rapportées dans cette étude sont comprises entre 1,98–3,96 μl/ml. Les combinaisons réalisées entre HE et la nisine ont montré un effet additif vis-à-vis de Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) avec (50 % HE Pelargonium asperum + 50 % nisine). Par contre, nous avons enregistré une synergie vis-à-vis de Klebsiella pneumoniae avec (75 % HE Pelargonium asperum + 25 % nisine) et contre Pseudomonas aeruginosa avec les trois combinaisons testées. Les résultats obtenus permettent de dire que l’HE de Pelargonium asperum possède une activité antibactérienne ainsi que sa combinaison avec la nisine pourrait représenter une bonne alternative pour la lutte contre l’antibiorésistance.

Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils of Three Medicinal Plants from Algerian Semi-Arid Climatic Zone

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (S1) ◽  
pp. S155-S163 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mehalaine ◽  
O. Belfadel ◽  
T. Menasria ◽  
A. Messaili
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Salvia Officinalis ◽  
Thymus Algeriensis

The present study was carried out to determine, for the first time, the chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oils derived from the aerial parts of three aromatic plants Thymus algeriensis Boiss & Reut, Rosmarinus officinalis L., and Salvia officinalis L. growing under semiarid conditions. The essential oils were chemically analyzed and identified by gas chromatography (GC) and GC/ mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and their antimicrobial activity was individually evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using both agar disk diffusion and agar dilution methods. The major constituents of Thymus algeriensis essential oil were identified as camphor (13.62%), 1,8-cineol (6.00%), borneol (5.74%), viridiflorol (4.00%), and linalool (3.93%). For Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil, 48 compounds were characterized, of which the main constituents were camphor (17.09%), Z-β-ocimene (10.88%), isoborneol (9.68%), α-bisabolol (7.89%), and borneol (5.11%). While, Salvia officinalis essential oil was characterized by β-thujone (16.44%), followed by viridiflorol (10.93%), camphor (8.99%), 1,8-cineol (8.11%), trans-caryophyllene (5.85%), and α-humulene (4.69%) as the major components. Notably, results from antibacterial screening indicated that Thymus algeriensis and Salvia officinalis essential oils exhibited a strong inhibitory effect against both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus compared to Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil. Further, less activity was recorded against Pseudomonas aeruginosa for the three tested essential oils.

Exploración de la actividad antibacteriana de Metformina frente a Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus y Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Bionatura ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1335-1339
Author(s):  
Pool Marcos-Carbajal ◽  
Christian Allca-Muñoz ◽  
Ángel Urbano-Niño ◽  
Alberto Salazar-Granara
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

El objetivo del estudio es determinar la actividad antibacteriana de Metformina frente a Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus y Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Se evaluó la actividad antibacteriana mediante la técnica de Kirby Bauer. Se utilizó cepas de Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) y Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), las cuales se expusieron a Metformina en concentraciones de 250 mg y 500 mg, Ciprofloxacino (CIP) 5 µg, Imipenem (IPM) 10 µg, y Cefoxitin (FOX) 30 µg. Frente a Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus y Pseudomonas aeruginosa se presentó un halo de inhibición de 6 mm. para Metformina 250 mg, 6 mm. para Metformina 500 mg, y un halo de inhibición >25 mm. con el uso de Ciprofloxacino 5 µg, Cefoxitin 30 µg, e Imipenem 10 µg respectivamente. En conclusion, In vitro Metformina a dosis de 250 y 500 mg, no presentó efecto antibacteriano frente a Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus y Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document