Old Dogma, New Tricks

2021 ◽  
pp. 180-197
Author(s):  
David Hutchings
Keyword(s):  
Modern Science ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Early Church ◽  
Francis Bacon ◽  
Core Beliefs ◽  
Surprising Result ◽  
Isaac Newton ◽  
Johannes Kepler ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter studies the relationship between traditional Christian beliefs and the structure of modern science. The significance of key doctrines—such as monotheism, creation, the fall, the atonement—to the scientific revolution is analyzed, with the perhaps surprising result being that Christianity provided fertile ground for what we would recognize as “modern” science to develop. The writings of Francis Bacon, René Descartes, Isaac Newton, Johannes Kepler, and more are considered through a theological lens and their religious beliefs are shown to be foundational for their scientific work. Several living scientists are also found making the same points, and it is concluded that much of what we now call the “scientific method” owes its underlying philosophy to the core beliefs of the medieval (and even early) Church.

The Curious Eye

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Webster
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Human Vision ◽  
Francis Bacon ◽  
Robert Hooke ◽  
Robert Boyle ◽  
Isaac Newton ◽  
Johannes Kepler ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Historical Moment

The Curious Eye explores early modern debates over two related questions: what are the limits of human vision, and to what extent can these limits be overcome by technological enhancement? Today, in our everyday lives we rely on optical technology to provide us with information about visually remote spaces even as we question the efficacy and ethics of such pursuits. But the debates surrounding the subject of technologically mediated vision have their roots in a much older literary tradition in which the ability to see beyond the limits of natural human vision is associated with philosophical and spiritual insight as well as social and political control. The Curious Eye provides insight into the subject of optically mediated vision by returning to the literature of the seventeenth century, the historical moment in which human visual capacity in the West was first extended through the application of optical technologies to the eye. Bringing imaginative literary works by Francis Bacon, John Milton, Margaret Cavendish, and Aphra Behn together with optical and philosophical treatises by Johannes Kepler, René Descartes, Robert Hooke, Robert Boyle, and Isaac Newton, The Curious Eye explores the social and intellectual impact of the new optical technologies of the seventeenth century on its literature. At the same time, it demonstrates that social, political, and literary concerns are not peripheral to the optical science of the period but rather an integral part of it, the legacy of which we continue to experience.

Core Beliefs

2021 ◽  
pp. 137-144
Author(s):  
Heather Thompson-Brenner ◽  
Melanie Smith ◽  
Gayle Brooks ◽  
Dee Ross Franklin ◽  
Hallie Espel-Huynh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Automatic Thoughts ◽  
Core Beliefs ◽  
The Core ◽  
Early Experiences ◽  
Negative Automatic Thoughts ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Downward Arrow

During this session, clients learn about core beliefs, which are powerful beliefs that exist deep within our brains and influence how we think. They are at the root, or the core, of our automatic thoughts about ourselves, and they can be positive or negative. In this chapter, clients learn what core beliefs are and where they come from—specifically, they can come from repetitive early experiences, or from a single formative, highly emotional experience. They will also learn about the relationship between negative core beliefs and negative automatic thoughts—specifically, that negative core beliefs, though usually outside of awareness, influence or shape automatic thoughts. Clients are taught the downward arrow technique to identify their own negative core beliefs.

The Dialectology of Late Jewish Literary Aramaic

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen A. Kaufman
Keyword(s):  
Surprising Result ◽  
Core Group ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Relationship

‭This study attempts to disambiguate the various subdialect groups within the corpus of late Targum and Targum-like texts grouped together under the rubric of Late Jewish Literary Aramaic (LJLA) in the database of the online Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project. The relationship with the Syriac lexicon was tested separately for each text in the group. The result shows five distinct groups within the larger corpus ranging from texts ‘translated’ from Syriac to texts showing little contact at all with native Aramaic traditions. A particularly surprising result was that Targum Sheni appears to belong to the core group of LJLA texts.‬

The Core Extrusion Schema–Revised

Assessment ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheri A. Levinson ◽  
Thomas L. Rodebaugh ◽  
Michelle H. Lim ◽  
Katya C. Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Negative Evaluation ◽  
Fear Of Negative Evaluation ◽  
Core Beliefs ◽  
Behavioral Models ◽  
True Self ◽  
Full Sample ◽  
The Core ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Models ◽  
Interaction Anxiety ◽  
The Relationship

Cognitive behavioral models of social anxiety disorder (SAD) suggest that fear of negative evaluation is a core fear or vulnerability for SAD. However, why negative evaluation is feared is not fully understood. It is possible that core beliefs contribute to the relationship between fear of negative evaluation and SAD. One of these beliefs may be a core extrusion schema: a constellation of beliefs that one’s true self will be rejected by others and therefore one should hide one’s true self. In the current study ( N = 699), we extended research on the Core Extrusion Schema and created a shortened and revised version of the measure called the Core Extrusion Schema–Revised. The Core Extrusion Schema–Revised demonstrated good factor fit for its two subscales (Hidden Self and Rejection of the True Self) and was invariant across gender and ethnicity. The Hidden Self subscale demonstrated excellent incremental validity within the full sample as well as in participants diagnosed with generalized SAD. Specifically, the Hidden Self subscale may help explain severity of social interaction anxiety. This measure could be used with individuals diagnosed with generalized SAD to design exposures targeting these core beliefs.

scholarly journals How Our Caregivers Shape Who We Are: The Seven Dimensions of Attachment at the Core of Personality

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcantonio Gagliardi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Attachment Theory ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Core Beliefs ◽  
Theoretical Formulation ◽  
The Core ◽  
Cognitive Research ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Attachment Dimensions

Psychology defines personality as the stable traits of an individual, and cognitive research suggests that a set of core beliefs is at the root of these traits. From this perspective, two major questions remain unanswered: (1) What are the core beliefs that make up personality? (2) How are they acquired? An interesting answer is provided by attachment theory, according to which attachment is at the basis of personality. The current theoretical formulation, however, does not sufficiently clarify the relationship between the two. Adopting a cognitive-clinical approach, we put forward a novel version of attachment theory, arguing that it can better account for the relationship between attachment and personality, thereby providing more convincing answers to questions (1) and (2). In particular, we propose that: (A) attachment information is acquired over seven dimensions; (B) the acquisition of each dimension is induced by a specific caregiving feature and (C) realized through a specific acquisition mechanism – imprinting. In a nutshell, we propose an Attachment-Personality Model (APM) according to which seven attachment dimensions constitute the knowledge core of personality. We finally discuss the significant implications of the model, especially its clinical application in terms of conception, assessment, and treatment of mental disorders. The model can be empirically tested, and we suggest three ways to do that.

scholarly journals Development of Society under the Modern Technology- A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aasif Ali Naikoo ◽  
Shashank Shekhar Thakur ◽  
Tariq Ahmad Guroo ◽  
Aadil Altaf Lone
Keyword(s):  
Social Issue ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Process Technology ◽  
The Core ◽  
Art And Literature ◽  
Audio Conferencing ◽  
The Relationship

<p>The main objective of the present study is to know the relationship between society and technology, where emphasize have been put on development process under modern science and technology and its perspectives. Technology has completely revolutionized present era in every aspect of life especially dealing with society. Technology has transformed the methods of education, communication, business, art and literature, and has resulted in the enhancement in the core spheres of life, before this blessed gift the knowledge regarding the above mentioned spheres was limited because of the restricted methods and methodologies etc. Due to blessings of science and technology we are now able to check the advancement of every department working around our society with a single click of internet. It is technology which helps us to differentiate about the development process of all sections of society and help us to maintain the development process. Technology has brought our society close to each other where we can take any initiative about any social issue or discuss any matter of concern regarding the society by sitting in our homes like using video or audio conferencing. This paper will elucidate all over development process of our society under the shades of science and technology.</p>

1. What is science?

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samir Okasha
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Science ◽  
Scientific Revolution ◽  
Charles Darwin ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Theory Construction ◽  
Galileo Galilei ◽  
Isaac Newton ◽  
Johannes Kepler ◽  
Francis Crick ◽  
The Difference

‘What is science?’ asks what it is that makes something a science and shows that one of the key problems in philosophy of science is to understand how techniques such as experimentation, observation, and theory-construction have enabled scientists to unravel so many of nature's secrets. The origins of modern science lie in the scientific revolution between 1500 and 1750 with the work of Nicolas Copernicus, Johannes Kepler, Galileo Galilei, and Isaac Newton. In biology, the breakthroughs of Charles Darwin and James Watson and Francis Crick are outlined. Philosophy of science is then described and the difference between science and pseudo-science explained using Karl Popper's views of Marx and Freud as examples.

Nature’s green revolution

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Beerling
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Nitrate ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Francis Bacon ◽  
Empirical Observation ◽  
Robert Boyle ◽  
Isaac Newton ◽  
Ageing Body

The scientific revolution of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, if indeed it can be recognized as such, saw the foundations of modern science established. Developments by iconic figures, notably Francis Bacon (1561–1626), Galilei Galileo (1564–1642), Robert Boyle (1627–91), and Isaac Newton (1642–1727), among others, advanced the study of the natural world by moving it away from mystical concepts and grounding it firmly in the rational. Bacon outraged his intellectual contemporaries with the belief that scientific knowledge should be built on empirical observation and experimentation, and pursuing this theme is alleged to have done for him in the end, at the age of 65. According to Bacon’s former secretary, the legend goes that Bacon was travelling in a coach towards London with one of the King’s physicians on a snowy day in April 1626 when he decided to investigate whether meat could be preserved by ice. Seizing the opportunity for an experiment, Bacon purchased a chicken in Highgate, then a small village outside London, gutted it, and proceeded to stuff the carcass with snow to see if it delayed putrefaction. In his excitement he became oblivious to the cold, caught a chill, and took refuge in the Earl of Arundel’s nearby house in Highgate, the Earl being away serving time in the Tower of London. Bacon died a few days later, probably from pneumonia, after being put up in a guest room with a damp bed disused for over a year, but not before penning a letter to the Earl communicating the success of the experiment. This delightful story of Bacon’s ultimate demise would have been fitting for his contribution to modern science, but is probably apocryphal. Surviving records indicate Bacon was already ill before the end of 1625, and inclined to inhale opiates and the vapours of chemical saltpetre (potassium nitrate) to improve his spirits and strengthen his ageing body. In those days, the saltpetre was impure, a mixture of potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, and other compounds that may have given off toxic vapours. It seems possible, likely even, that Bacon overdosed on his inhalation of remedial substances to compensate for his ill health.

Thomas Reid on the Improvement of Knowledge

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-139
Author(s):  
Christopher A. Shrock
Keyword(s):  
Natural Philosophy ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
Francis Bacon ◽  
Thomas Kuhn ◽  
Traditional Religion ◽  
Scottish Enlightenment ◽  
Thomas Reid ◽  
Isaac Newton ◽  
Religion And Ethics ◽  
Compare And Contrast

Thomas Reid often seems distant from other Scottish Enlightenment figures. While Hume, Hutcheson, Kames, and Smith wrestled with the nature of social progress, Reid was busy with natural philosophy and epistemology, stubbornly loyal to traditional religion and ethics, and out of touch with the heart of his own intellectual world. Or was he? I contend that Reid not only engaged the Scottish Enlightenment's concern for improvement, but, as a leading interpreter of Isaac Newton and Francis Bacon, he also developed a scheme to explain the progress of human knowledge. Pulling thoughts from across Reid's corpus, I identify four key features that Reid uses to distinguish mature sciences from prescientific arts and inquiries. Then, I compare and contrast this scheme with that of Thomas Kuhn in order to highlight the plausibility and originality of Reid's work.

In a word, I’ve been there

2019 ◽  
pp. 246-256
Author(s):  
A. K. Zholkovsky
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Core Problem ◽  
Typical Solution

In his article, A. Zholkovsky discusses the contemporary detective mini-series Otlichnitsa [A Straight-A Student], which mentions O. Mandelstam’s poem for children A Galosh [Kalosha]: more than a fleeting mention, this poem prompts the characters and viewers alike to solve the mystery of its authorship. According to the show’s plot, the fact that Mandelstam penned the poem surfaces when one of the female characters confesses her involvement in his arrest. Examining this episode, Zholkovsky seeks structural parallels with the show in V. Aksyonov’s Overstocked Packaging Barrels [Zatovarennaya bochkotara] and even in B. Pasternak’s Doctor Zhivago [Doktor Zhivago]: in each of those, a member of the Soviet intelligentsia who has developed a real fascination with some unique but unattainable object is shocked to realize that the establishment have long enjoyed this exotic object without restrictions. We observe, therefore, a typical solution to the core problem of the Soviet, and more broadly, Russian cultural-political situation: the relationship between the intelligentsia and the state, and the resolution is not a confrontation, but reconciliation.

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