In a word, I’ve been there

2019 ◽  
pp. 246-256
Author(s):  
A. K. Zholkovsky
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Core Problem ◽  
Typical Solution

In his article, A. Zholkovsky discusses the contemporary detective mini-series Otlichnitsa [A Straight-A Student], which mentions O. Mandelstam’s poem for children A Galosh [Kalosha]: more than a fleeting mention, this poem prompts the characters and viewers alike to solve the mystery of its authorship. According to the show’s plot, the fact that Mandelstam penned the poem surfaces when one of the female characters confesses her involvement in his arrest. Examining this episode, Zholkovsky seeks structural parallels with the show in V. Aksyonov’s Overstocked Packaging Barrels [Zatovarennaya bochkotara] and even in B. Pasternak’s Doctor Zhivago [Doktor Zhivago]: in each of those, a member of the Soviet intelligentsia who has developed a real fascination with some unique but unattainable object is shocked to realize that the establishment have long enjoyed this exotic object without restrictions. We observe, therefore, a typical solution to the core problem of the Soviet, and more broadly, Russian cultural-political situation: the relationship between the intelligentsia and the state, and the resolution is not a confrontation, but reconciliation.

scholarly journals “The Mukri Kurds” by O. L. Vilchevsky: What and Why Has Been Deleted Before Publication?

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 99-116
Author(s):  
A. O. Pobedonostseva-Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
The State ◽  
Edward Said ◽  
Military Officer ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The Relationship

The article deals with the problem of political influence on scholarship. It analyses the existing versions of an ethnographic essay by Oleg Vilchevsky, a prominent Soviet Orientalist. Alongside a published version the ethnographic essay “The Mukri Kurds” — an author’s typescript, “Mukri Kurdistan,” has been found in the Scientific Archive of Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (the Kunstkamera) of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The first materials for this essay were collected by Vilchevsky during his journey to Iran in 1942 as he prepared a military-political description of the Kurdish regions. Before publication, the state-controlled structures removed or made the author remove from the essay a number of important thematic blocks, e. g., on interconfessional relations in Mukri Kurdistan of Iran (focusing on Mahabad), descriptions of various meetings Vilchevsky held with Kurdish activists. The paper analyses the content of this scholarly study and the problems related to the publication of the essay in the context of Vilchevsky’s participation as a Soviet military officer in the implementation of the Soviet Middle Eastern policies in 1942–1954. The author of the essay “The Mukri Kurds” apparently strived to maintain scholarly neutrality yet the facts and argumentation contained in the different variants of this study were consistently reviewed and added or omitted depending on the existing political situation. The paper raises the question about the subjectivity or autonomy of a scholar serving a government — something effectively dismissed and neglected in the work of Edward Said on the relationship between politics and scholarship in the field of Middle Eastern studies.

Rothschilds’ “Delicate and Difficult Task”: Reputation, Political Instability, and the Brazilian Rescue Loans of the 1890s

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
LEONARDO WELLER
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Sovereign Debt ◽  
Debt Crisis ◽  
Political Instability ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Brazilian Government ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Relationship

The London House of Rothschild depended on Brazil to maintain its reputation. This became a problem in the 1890s, when the Brazilian government almost defaulted on its sovereign debt after a change of regime had made politics unstable and economic policy unorthodox. This article shows how the relationship between the bank and the state developed to the point that Rothschilds was forced to rescue its client. Exposure enabled Brazil to implement policies designed to defend the regime at the expense of payment capacity without defaulting. The debt crisis ended only after the political situation stabilized toward the close of the century, when the bank pressured the government to tighten economic policy.

Wealth Creation and the Entrepreneurial State

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Mazzucato
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
The State ◽  
Wealth Creation ◽  
Risk And Uncertainty ◽  
Lender Of Last Resort ◽  
Market Making ◽  
The Core ◽  
Extreme Risk ◽  
The Relationship

Building on the core ideas in the author’s book The Entrepreneurial State: debunking private vs. public sector myths, the chapter looks at the narrow way in which public policy is viewed in economics and the implications of this for our understanding of wealth creation. Focusing on the relationship between the State and innovation-led growth, it looks at the key role that public policies have had in taking on extreme risk and uncertainty in the innovation process. This has entailed the State acting not just as lender of last resort, but as investor of first resort. In this context, economic policy is more about market making and shaping, rather than just a market fixing. The chapter then focuses on the implications of this different understanding of public policy, for a more ‘collective’ understanding of wealth creation, and ways to ensure that not only risks but also rewards are socialized.

scholarly journals Scaling the State: Egypt in the Third Millennium BC

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Bussmann
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
The State ◽  
Early Writing ◽  
Central Administration ◽  
Local Models ◽  
Old Kingdom ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Core ◽  
Third Millennium Bc ◽  
The Relationship

Discussions of the early Egyptian state suffer from a weak consideration of scale. Egyptian archaeologists derive their arguments primarily from evidence of court cemeteries, elite tombs, and monuments of royal display. The material informs the analysis of kingship, early writing, and administration but it remains obscure how the core of the early Pharaonic state was embedded in the territory it claimed to administer. This paper suggests that the relationship between centre and hinterland is key for scaling the Egyptian state of the Old Kingdom (ca. 2,700-2,200 BC). Initially, central administration imagines Egypt using models at variance with provincial practice. The end of the Old Kingdom demarcates not the collapse, but the beginning of a large-scale state characterized by the coalescence of central and local models.

scholarly journals ABOUT THE REASONS FOR THE RETURN OF N. V. USTRYALOV TO HIS HOMELAND (BASED ON HIS EPISTOLARY HERITAGE)

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 721-729
Author(s):  
V. K. Romanovski
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Far East ◽  
The State ◽  
Scale Transformation ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
The People ◽  
Personal Motivation ◽  
Return Home ◽  
Political Thinker ◽  
The Relationship

The article considers the problem of taking the decision by the publicist and political thinker N. V. Ustryalov to return to his homeland from Far East. Based on the analysis of the materials of his correspondence with his friend N. G. Dikii, which happened in 1930-1935, the author reveals the influence of the unstable economic and political situation in the area of Chinese Eastern railway on various aspects of the life of a well-known “smenovekhovets” in Harbin. Also the author analyzes the escalating of difficulties and problems that he faced in service, teaching, publicistic, socio-political and other spheres of activity; reveals the reasons for the compilation and break up of the relationship with his colleagues and recent associates, which became conditions and circumstances that caused this choice. But the defining role in N. V. Ustryalov’s decision to return home was a factor of his personal motivation - a deep yearning for his homeland, sense of duty to the state and the people, the desire to help his homeland in conditions of its large-scale transformation. The author also highlights the fact that the thinker’s reflections about coming back are permeated not only with nostalgia for his homeland and patriotic thoughts, but also with painful worrying, anxiety and concern for his family and possible lack of demand in the USSR. An irresistible desire to return to his homeland faced in his mind the premonition of the irreversible tragic consequences of his choice.

scholarly journals Power and Ideology: Vladimir Putin and the Russian Political System

2008 ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfred B. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Political System ◽  
International System ◽  
The State ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
The Core ◽  
Vladimir Putin ◽  
The Relationship

This paper explores the ideas that have been offered by the Putin leadership in Russia to justify the concentration of power achieved since 2000. Though Vladimir Putin has said that Russia does not need a state ideology, since early 2006 some officials associated with Putin, including Vladislav Surkov, have called for an ideology for the dominant United Russia Party, and have asserted that Putin’s speeches provide the core of that ideology. This essay discusses Putin’s position on Russia’s commitment to democracy, the relationship between Russia and Europe, and the nature of the international system in which Russia fi nds itself. The author sees the concept of “sovereign democracy” that has been offered by Surkov and endorsed by United Russia as summarizing ideas that already had been articulated by Putin. Putin’s words strongly emphasize the importance of a consensus of values in Russian society and politics. That theme has important implications for the relationship between the state and civil society in Russia. Evans argues that the ideological pronouncements of the Putin leadership refl ect tension between apparently inconsistent principles resulting from a combination of inherently contradictory themes. Putin identifi es the main danger facing Russia in the contemporary period as disintegration rather than stagnation.

The Politics of Ithaca

2020 ◽  
pp. 203-240
Author(s):  
Joel P. Christensen
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Collective Trauma ◽  
Extended Treatment ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter presents an analysis of the political situation in Ithaca. A clearer picture of the political situation may allow one to see the Ithacan people as suffering from a collective trauma, which partly explains their behavior before and after Odysseus's return. Of utmost importance is that the families of the suitors assemble, debate, and about half decide to avenge themselves on Odysseus. This conflict contains the overlay of several types of discourse that touch upon justice, the nature of politics, and the relationship between the individual and the state. The reading offers a new extended treatment of the politics of the Odyssey, which forces one to reconsider the heroic presentation of Odysseus by the poet (and by himself). The chapter then examines the sudden surprising closure of the epic from the perspective of modern studies in political amnesties.

Remarks on the Relationship between State and Religion in Hegel [1982]

2020 ◽  
pp. 199-219
Author(s):  
Ernst-Wolfgang Böckenförde ◽  
Mirjam Künkler ◽  
Tine Stein
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Modern State ◽  
Democratic Process ◽  
God's Will ◽  
The Core ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Church

Is and can religion be seen as a foundation of the modern state? In this article Böckenförde discusses the relationship between state and religion while reviewing Hegel’s main writings on this question. Reconstructing Hegel’s concept of the state, Böckenförde points out that for Hegel, the state is simultaneously universal and historical. It is more than the political system or government—it is the polity in general and the structured form in which the people exist. Moreover, the state is the materialization of the ethical idea as such and the manifestation of how ‘truth’ in history became reality. In Hegel’s view, ‘truth’ is ultimately God’s will in the world. Further, for Hegel, state and religion are two forms of the same substance: reason. Morality and reason are closely intertwined in Hegel. Religion is a source of morality for the people, and the state and the Church are the institutional manifestations of reason. Böckenförde shows that Hegel identifies individual conscience as the core of each person’s freedom; however, Hegel denies a right to an aberrant conscience, indicating a very limited notion of freedom. Finally, Böckenförde discusses Hegel’s philosophy in light of the state today with its separation of state and religion. Since today’s state does not consider religion as part of its foundation, in Hegel’s view it would ‘stand freely in the air’. Böckenförde concludes, contrary to Hegel, that only the democratic process and the people’s agreement on the things that cannot be voted upon can form the basis of the state.

New follies on the state of globalisation debate?

2003 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam David Morton
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
State Capacity ◽  
Review Article ◽  
The State ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Relationship

This review article explores several latest endeavours that theorise the state and globalisation. The aim is to reflect further on some of the wider follies that lie within the ambition of debates on the state and globalisation. By uniting common themes throughout the review – revolving around issues of state capacity in the post-colonial world, the relationship between globalisation and international relations, and the very meaning of globality – the review raises a series of questions for further research on the state and globalisation. Most significantly, it seeks to question the future of critical theorising on the state and globalisation within international studies. It does so by arguing that there remain serious question-begging assumptions about capitalism that lie at the core of present general theories of the state and globalisation that, if overlooked, might also blunt the precepts of critical international theorising.

scholarly journals A new Source on the Relationship between Hulun Buir and Outer Mongolia in 1912—1915

2021 ◽  
pp. 422-435
Author(s):  
B. D. Tsybenov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Historical Information ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
Probable Source ◽  
State Archives ◽  
The Relationship

A little-known source — the manuscript “Historical information on the fragility of the political situation of Hulunbuir”, stored in the State Archives of the Irkutsk region is considered. Description of the manuscript, clarification of its dating, determination of the probable source base was performed by the author of the article. A comparative analysis of the historical facts presented in the manuscript was carried out. It was found that in the first two sentences the anonymous author outlined the essence of the uncertain situation that developed with the annexation of Hulun Buir to Outer Mongolia in 1912. Other components of the text are characterized: little-known information about the trip to Urga of the Bargut lama Lobsanchjamba and then about the visit of the delegation of Hulun-Buir; data on the meeting of the delegates with the Russian consul V. F. Lyuba and a description of his reaction to the fact of the annexation of Hulun-Buir to Outer Mongolia; finally, it is said about the disappointment of the ruler of Hulun-Buir — Shenfu, who realized the dependence of Hulun-Buir on the dependent, in turn, Outer Mongolia, etc. An analysis of the contents of the last page of the manuscript allows us to conclude that part of the Hulunbuir officials, close to the Manchus, expressed open dissatisfaction with the situation. The author of the article suggests that some of the Daurian officials, unlike the Barguts, who sincerely believed in the creation of a unified Mongolian state, tended to restore the Manchu dynasty and were unhappy with the unclear future of Hulun Buir.

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