Conclusion

2019 ◽  
pp. 375-380
Author(s):  
Katherine Graney
Keyword(s):  
European Institutions ◽  
The Future

This concluding chapter argues that it is premature to declare the “end of Europe” and that European institutions, as well as ideas and understandings about Europe and Europeanness, can demonstrate “concrete achievements” in and continue to inspire post-Soviet states. The chapter identifies the extent to which the fifteen post-Soviet states conform to the expectations of the European-Orientalist Cultural Gradient and identifies the factors that help determine the differing strengths of Europeanization projects among the six Eastern Partner states. It also identifies the factors that are likely to influence the future of Europeanization projects in those states and encourages both scholars and policymakers to respect the importance of the postwar liberal European experiment to the present and future of the post-Soviet world.

Negotiated Criminal Justice and EU Directives on Procedural Rights

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-189
Author(s):  
Jacopo Della Torre
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Final Part ◽  
Legal Institutions ◽  
European Perspective ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Minimum Standards ◽  
European Institutions ◽  
The Future ◽  
Eu Directives ◽  
Procedural Rights

The aim of this study is to discuss the topic of plea negotiations in criminal procedures from a European perspective. The first part of the paper weighs up the advantages and disadvantages of the recent massive spread of negotiated justice in Europe and discusses the best way to reduce the risks involved with this phenomenon. The second part sets out to illustrate how the first EU Directives, adopted under Article 82 tfeu, have contributed to fairer legal institutions based on negotiations and agreements. The final part of the paper casts a glance at the future, and considers whether it would be appropriate for European institutions to adopt minimum standards on negotiated criminal justice.

scholarly journals Plädoyer für eine zukunftsoffene Verfasstheit Europas

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (144) ◽  
pp. 419-433
Author(s):  
Anne Karrass ◽  
Andreas Fisahn
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Second Step ◽  
European Politics ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Constitution ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
European Institutions ◽  
Basic Rights ◽  
The Future

The French and Dutch “no” to the European Constitution and the following “period of reflection” offer the opportunity to introduce critical ideas into the discussion on the future of the European Union. For the critics it is not only necessary to excoriate the Constitution, but also to propose alternatives. The authors therefore generate requirements for the contents of a new European Constitution. In a second step concrete alternatives are provided, dealing among others with a democratic way of organizing the European institutions, basic rights as well as economic and social policies. The general aim is to open the Constitution for political processes, which means to minimize the (economic) stipulations for European politics in the Constitution.

4. The European Courts: composition, functions, jurisdiction; preliminary rulings

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margot Horspool ◽  
Matthew Humphreys ◽  
Michael Wells-Greco
Keyword(s):  
Judicial Activism ◽  
Member States ◽  
National Courts ◽  
European Institutions ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
The Future ◽  
Rules Of Procedure ◽  
Interim Measures

This chapter discusses the composition, functions and jurisdiction of European Courts. It discusses indirect actions (preliminary rulings) and direct actions, i.e. actions brought by or against the European Institutions and the Member States, and between the Member States. The Courts are the CJEU which includes the Court of Justice, the General Court and specialised courts. The chapter discusses rules of procedure, judicial activism, preliminary rulings, the jurisdiction of national courts, discretionary and mandatory references, when national courts should refer, whether, interim measures, effects of preliminary rules, and the future of preliminary rulings.

REACH - a Reality and the Future

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-160
Author(s):  
Mark Blainey
Keyword(s):  
European Institutions ◽  
The Future ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Reach Regulation

AbstractFrom the beginning of 2007, REACH became a reality following an intense negotiation period and much discussion in and outside the European Institutions. The final REACH Regulation is well balanced and will provide a workable framework for managing chemicals for the next 25 plus years. Compared to current legislation it has many beneficial features, not least a simplification over the 40 odd pieces of the current legislation. However, even though the work to agree REACH has been completed, the Commission has been given a number of tasks such as reviewing a number of the Annexes and to set up the European Chemicals Agency in Helsinki. The work continues.

scholarly journals Saved by the Union: Romanians’ Attitudes toward the European Union

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Ion Chiciudean ◽  
Nicoleta Corbu
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Present Situation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Economic Prosperity ◽  
Political Performance ◽  
European Institutions ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Eu

<p>In this study we show that, in the aftermath of the economic crisis, Romanians remain among the most enthusiastic citizens of the European Union, in what concerns trust in the European institutions, projections for the future, the image of the EU and general attitudes toward the union. Relying on data provided by eurobarometers since the Romanian integration, we argue that the reasons for this peculiar position of Romanians within the EU is largely due to how people evaluate the economic and political performance of their own country: from evaluations of the economy to trust in national institutions, Romanians are very pessimistic about how their country handles the present situation and about perspectives for the future. In this context, they turn to the European Union as to a Savior, who represents their hope and promise for a better future, for economic prosperity and security. This is the reason why, more than five years after the beginning of the financial crisis, Romanians are still among the most optimistic citizens of Europe.</p>

4. The European Courts: composition, functions, jurisdiction; preliminary rulings

2021 ◽  
pp. 79-107
Author(s):  
Margot Horspool ◽  
Matthew Humphreys ◽  
Michael Wells-Greco
Keyword(s):  
Judicial Activism ◽  
Advocate General ◽  
Member States ◽  
National Courts ◽  
European Institutions ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
The Future ◽  
Rules Of Procedure ◽  
Interim Measures

This chapter discusses the composition, functions and jurisdiction of the European Courts. It discusses indirect actions (preliminary rulings) and direct actions, i.e. actions brought by or against the European Institutions and the Member States, and between the Member States. The Courts are the CJEU, which includes the Court of Justice, the General Court, and specialised courts. The chapter explains the role of the Advocate General (AG), and further discusses rules of procedure, judicial activism, preliminary rulings, the jurisdiction of national courts, discretionary and mandatory references, when national courts should refer, interim measures, effect of preliminary rulings, and the future of preliminary rulings. The chapter also explains the role of the EFTA Court.

What is the future for public service in the Community model?

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-223
Author(s):  
Pervenche Berès
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Public Services ◽  
European Parliament ◽  
Service Model ◽  
Community Model ◽  
European Institutions ◽  
Modern Economy ◽  
The Future

Following a consideration of the role of public services in a modern economy and society, and the historical involvement of European institutions in the area of public services, this contribution examines in particular the debate within the European Parliament on establishing a framework directive in this field. The ideological frontlines and the compromise finally achieved are described. The article closes with a call for the left to help define the new, rather than merely defend the old, public service model.

The Power of the European Parliament as a Conditional Agenda Setter

1994 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Tsebelis
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
European Parliament ◽  
Scholarly Work ◽  
Agenda Setter ◽  
European Institutions ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
Qualified Majority ◽  
The Future ◽  
Council Of Ministers ◽  
Selection Of

The European Parliament under the current cooperation procedure has an important power: it can make proposals that, if accepted by the Commission of the European Communities, are easier for the Council of Ministers to accept than to modify, since only qualified majority is required for acceptance, whereas full unanimity for modification. The importance of this power, which I call the power of the conditional agenda setter, has not been recognized in previous scholarly work. For structural reasons explained in the text, this power is likely to increase in the future. I conclude by arguing that the conditional delegation of power to international actors (the European Parliament, Commission, and the Court of Justice) is a frequent phenomenon in European institutions. This delegation presents three important advantages: it makes possible the selection of one among many possible equilibria, it accelerates European integration, and it diffuses responsibility for politically unpopular measures.

scholarly journals Conferência sobre o Futuro da Europa: uma resposta política à ameaça populista à integração europeia?

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 43-59
Author(s):  
Cláudia Ramos
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
European Integration ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
New Method ◽  
Policy Options ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Institutions ◽  
The Future ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
European Parliament Elections

The Conference on the Future of Europe was launched in March, 2021 by the European institutions, with the aim of creating a platform for bottom up citizen participation in the definition of policy options for the “future of Europe”. This article analyses the institutional and party discourses on the Conference, in the framework of the reaction of those institutions and of the pro-integration parties to the mounting populist “threat” to European integration, notably as expressed in the outcome of the 2019 European Parliament elections. The author aims to establish whether in doing so the European Union is innovating, by overcoming conventional representative democracy participation and thus entering other complementary models. The article further discusses whether this new method bridges the gap with the citizens, whom populisms have tried to mobilize.

The future of the euro area – Poland’s geo-economic perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 13-35
Author(s):  
Tomasz Grzegorz Grosse
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Union ◽  
Euro Area ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Economic And Monetary Union ◽  
Economic Perspective ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
European Institutions ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Future

The article presents the discussion about the future of the euro area. The starting point of this analysis is an outline of the main conclusions drawn from the crisis in this area, which began in 2010. Next, the documents regarding future reforms of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), submitted by the European institutions during 2015-2017, will be analysed. Subsequently, the discussion on these proposals among the member states, especially the most influential – France and Germany, is being analysed. The article is aiming at considering the preliminary results of these negotiations and the possible reforms of the euro area. The Author is also wondering whether these reforms can adequately prepare the monetary union for another crisis or even worsening the economic situation in Europe. In this context and in relation to the broader geopolitical situation in 2018, the question is raised whether Poland should mull over joining the EMU. Finally, the geo-economic consequences of entering the EMU or being outside the monetary union will be examined in a situation where the reforms of this area are incomplete and the eurozone seems to be not well prepared for a possible next crisis.

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