The Kapellmeister Network and the Performance of CommunityHummel, Moscheles, and Mendelssohn
Chapter 2 concerns the free fantasy and its relationship to the public concert life that emerged after 1815. Its main protagonists are Johann Nepomuk Hummel, the undisputed master of improvised free fantasia in this period, and his rival Ignaz Moscheles. Hummel’s free fantasias were admired for hybridizing the learned style of the kapellmeisters with the popular style associated with modern virtuosi, modeling a solution to one of the period’s major problems: the gap between experts and laypersons. In private circumstances Hummel improvised in a different way addressed to the values of connoisseurs alone, and some critics objected to his more “popular” public fantasies on given themes. Moscheles’s approach to free fantasies accented the hedonistic values of the genre, and in his reception we find the first stirrings of the improvisation imaginary. This chapter considers how improvisation served as a performance of authority and learnedness rooted in the kapellmeister network, a network that includes Mendelssohn, the little-known Carl Maria von Bocklet, and Hummel’s most celebrated student, Ferdinand Hiller.