Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Levien
Keyword(s):  
Social Relation ◽  
Comparative Sociology ◽  
Land Grabs ◽  
Book Studies ◽  
The Relationship

This introductory chapter provides the context of India’s “land wars” and growing global interest in “land grabs.” It then details and critiques the three main theories of the relationship between dispossession and capitalism, which it calls the modernization, proletarian redemption, and predatory theories of dispossession. After documenting the shortcoming of each, it argues that dispossession is a social relation of coercive redistribution that it is organized into socially and historically specific regimes. The key to a comparative sociology of dispossession is to examine how distinct regimes of dispossession interact with diverse agrarian milieux. The book studies the interaction between India’s neoliberal regime of dispossession and the agrarian milieu of “Rajpura,” and argues that the result is dispossession without development. After explaining the book’s methodology and fieldsite, the chapter concludes with an overview of the book.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Jones
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Old English ◽  
English Studies ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Scholarly Contribution ◽  
Anglophone World ◽  
The Relationship

This introductory chapter contextualizes the philological study of language during the nineteenth century as a branch of the evolutionary sciences. It sketches in outline the two phases of poetic Anglo-Saxonism for which the rest of the book will subsequently argue in more detail. Moreover, the relationship between Anglo-Saxonism and nineteenth-century medievalism more generally is articulated, and historical analogies are drawn between nineteenth-century Anglo-Saxonism and more recent political events in the Anglophone world. Finally, the scholarly contribution of Fossil Poetry itself is contextualized within English Studies; it is argued that ‘reception’ is one of the primary objects of Anglo-Saxon or Old English studies, and not merely a secondary object of that field’s study.

What Kind of Studies Is Comics Studies?

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Benjamin Woo
Keyword(s):  
Film Studies ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Academic Disciplines ◽  
Page Layout ◽  
Recent Growth ◽  
Comics Studies ◽  
Communications Theory ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Literature And Film

Dramatic recent growth in comics research suggests that comics studies has matured as a field, perhaps even constituting an emergent discipline. Yet important questions about the nature of this field and how it relates to established academic disciplines remain unresolved. This introductory chapter examines the genealogy of comics studies and explores the relationship between theory and method as a proxy for the field’s “paradigmatic” status. Four theories of page layout are analyzed as examples of theorization in comics studies. Drawing on Robert T. Craig’s “constitutive metamodel” of communications theory, the chapter ultimately rejects both attempts to retread the path of established humanities disciplines such as English literature and film studies and arguments against disciplinarity as such, calling instead for a dialogic conception of academic disciplines that continually reflects on the differences through which they are constituted.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Matthew D. O'Hara
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Colonial Mexico ◽  
Historical Case ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Relationship

This introductory chapter provides an overview of the analysis of time experience and futuremaking through historical case studies in colonial Mexico. Colonial Mexico developed a culture of innovation, human aspiration, and futuremaking that was subsequently forgotten in part because it did not fit with later definitions of modernity and innovation as secular phenomena and things untethered to the past or tradition. This choice of historical method and topics is driven by a desire to step outside some of the dominant paradigms in the study of Latin America and colonialism in general. Examining the relationship between past, present, and future offers a way to reconsider Mexico's colonial era, its subsequent historical development, and how people have understood that history.

The Beginnings

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond Pierotti ◽  
Brandy R. Fogg
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Southern Asia ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
The World ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
The Relationship

This introductory chapter provides an overview of the relationship between humans and wolves. The relationship began as coevolutionary, with the species cooperating at times but also capable of functioning independently. This state of affairs dominated early stages of the relationship between the two species and may have persisted for 20,000 years or longer. In other parts of the world, for example, southern Asia, humans began to shape wolves into clearly domestic forms: animals phenotypically distinct from wolves, especially in body size. This latter process involves various aspects of the wolf gene pool being essentially divided, with many individuals staying true wolves while others changed in form, becoming what people now describe as “dogs” without losing their genetic links to their wolf ancestry or their ability to interbreed with wolves.

Introduction: Social Movements and Democratization in Indonesia

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Thushara Dibley ◽  
Michele Ford
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Transition To Democracy ◽  
Public Realm ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
The Public ◽  
Competition And Cooperation ◽  
Elected Representatives ◽  
The Relationship

This introductory chapter focuses on the collective contribution of progressive social movements to Indonesia's transition to democracy and their collective fate in the decades since. This sets the scene for the case studies to follow. It also explains how the relationship between social movements and democratization is understood in this context. Social movements consist of networks involving a diverse range of actors, including individuals, groups, or organizations that may be loosely connected or tightly clustered. Democratization, meanwhile, is a process through which a polity moves toward “a system of governance in which rulers are held accountable for their actions in the public realm by citizens, acting indirectly through the competition and cooperation of their elected representatives.”

Introduction

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin R. Hochman
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
The State ◽  
Nazi Ideology ◽  
Historical Relationship ◽  
Book Studies ◽  
Shifting Boundaries

This introductory chapter illustrates that there were multiple understandings of Germanness during the Weimar era, hence emphasizing how the triumph of Nazi ideology after 1918 was far from certain and pointing out how historical understandings of Nazism has overlooked the vital historical relationship between Germany and Austria. It examines the state of Germany in both the nineteenth century and the immediate postwar situation, from which the more contemporary contests that emerged between republicans and their opponents over the nature of German nationalism and politics that this book studies had emerged. The chapter contextualizes the shifting boundaries of Germanness against this backdrop, at the same time highlighting the long-neglected connections between Germany and Austria and the importance of exploring the exchange of people and ideas across the Austro-German boundary.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Aniket Jaaware
Keyword(s):  
Available P ◽  
Major Theme ◽  
Material Texts ◽  
The Relationship

This introductory chapter presents the main themes of the book. The major theme is that of “touch” as it constitutes touchability/untouchability in society. Another somewhat implicit theme is that of dalit literature. This literature is the best-known feature, currently, of Indian and non-Indian understanding of the relationship between caste and modernity. Quite a lot of non-Indian interest comes to caste after encountering dalit literature. Ultimately, this book attempts to understand operations of touching and not touching, initially in themselves, but increasingly in their social operations as they relate to caste. To arrive at an understanding of caste that is different from those already available in the saturated field of caste studies, one has to attempt to think everything differently; and to do that one has to stop depending on material—texts, ideas, analyses—already available.

Introduction: Key sociopolitical changes affecting the health and wellbeing of people

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Adrian Bonner
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Key Driver ◽  
The Relationship

This introductory chapter provides an overview of the relationship between health and housing, regional disparities and responses across England, Wales, and Scotland in the provision of health and social care and local authority commissioning. It considers how the Municipal Corporations Act (1835) led to the establishment of elected town councils. In the mid- to late 20th century, municipalisation gave way to centralised government, which subverted the autonomy of local authorities. Currently, social care is provided and funded by local authorities and private funders. The main objective of social care is to help people to live well and happily, and live as long as they can. This person-centred approach is in contrast to the systems that have been developed to support the health care needs of people. In 2020, poverty still remains a key driver of poor health and wellbeing.

Roadmap to Artificial Intelligence and Intellectual PropertyAn Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jyh-An Lee ◽  
Reto M Hilty ◽  
Kung-Chung Liu
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Legal Subjects ◽  
Human Intellect ◽  
Ip Law ◽  
Creativity And Innovation ◽  
The Relationship

This introductory chapter provides an overview of the relationship between artificial intelligence (AI) and intellectual property (IP). While human beings have used various instruments and technologies to create and innovate, they themselves have been the main driving force of creativity and innovation. AI puts that into question, raising numerous challenges to the existing IP regime. Traditionally, the “intellectual” part of “intellectual property” refers to human intellect. However, since machines have become intelligent and are increasingly capable of making creative, innovative choices based on opaque algorithms, the “intellectual” in “intellectual property” turns out to be perplexing. Existing human-centric IP regimes based on promoting incentives and avoiding disincentives may no longer be relevant—or even positively detrimental—if AI comes into play. Moreover, AI has sparked new issues in IP law regarding legal subjects, scope, standards of protection, exceptions, and relationships between actors.

Crystallizing the relationship between adolescents, music, and emotions

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrina McFerran
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Young Person ◽  
Music Therapists ◽  
Caring Adults ◽  
Unconscious Intentions ◽  
The Relationship

The ways that young people use music to work with emotions is impressively diverse and difficult to box into categories of good and bad, helpful and unhelpful. The intersection of where, when, and why the young person is using music is further complicated by what music, what associations, and what conscious and unconscious intentions the young person has. This introductory chapter canvasses the vast landscape of music, adolescents, and emotions, using the lens of crystallization to consider the different perspectives offered by young people, music therapists, and music psychologists. The result is a rich and varied picture that places agency in the hands of the young person and encourages all caring adults to engage with the multiple possibilities that music affords.

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