Out of the Shadows of Coups

2018 ◽  
pp. 15-27
Author(s):  
Maggie Dwyer
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
The Gambia ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coup D'etat ◽  
West And Central Africa ◽  
Definition Of

This chapter details the book’s research design. The study takes two distinct but complementary approaches to examining mutinies. One is a dataset that documents the occurrence of mutinies in West and Central Africa from 1960 to 2014. The other approach involves in-depth case studies of mutinies in Sierra Leone, The Gambia, and Burkina Faso, which include extensive interviews with mutineers and others knowledgeable about the revolts. This chapter will also expand on the definition of mutiny used in the research and show how it differs from a coup d’état.

scholarly journals Balanced reconnection intervals: four case studies

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 3897-3912 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. DeJong ◽  
A. J. Ridley ◽  
C. R. Clauer
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The Other ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Polar Cap ◽  
Reconnection Rate ◽  
Magnetospheric Convection ◽  
The Third ◽  
New Name ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract. During steady magnetospheric convection (SMC) events the magnetosphere is active, yet there are no data signatures of a large scale reconfiguration, such as a substorm. While this definition has been used for years it fails to elucidate the true physics that is occurring within the magnetosphere, which is that the dayside merging rate and the nightside reconnection rate balance. Thus, it is suggested that these events be renamed Balanced Reconnection Intervals (BRIs). This paper investigates four diverse BRI events that support the idea that new name for these events is needed. The 3–4 February 1998 event falls well into the classic definition of an SMC set forth by Sergeev et al. (1996), while the other challenge some previous notions about SMCs. The 15 February 1998 event fails to end with a substorm expansion and concludes as the magnetospheric activity slowly quiets. The third event, 22–23 December 2000, begins with a slow build up of magnetospheric activity, thus there is no initiating substorm expansion. The last event, 17 February 1998, is more active (larger AE, AL and cross polar cap potential) than previously studied SMCs. It also has more small scale activity than the other events studied here.

The Politics and Diplomacy of Peacekeeping in West Africa: The Ecowas Operation in Liberia

1995 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 569-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ademola Adeleke
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
West African ◽  
Cape Verde ◽  
The Gambia ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Guinea Bissau

TheEconomic Community of West African States (Ecowas) was established in May 1975 as an organisation to promote the development of the sub-region, and for 15 years did not deviate from this mandate. The 16 member-states – Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Côte d'Ivoire, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo – restricted their interactions to purely economic matters and ran shy of political issues confronting West Africa. This tradition changed in 1990 when Ecowas decided to intervene in the civil war which had broken out in Liberia. Its strategy to resolve the conflict followed two parallel but mutually interactive channels — making and enforcing peace. The former involved negotiations and arbitration; the latter the deployment in August 1990 of a 3,000 strong multinational force to supervise a cease-fire.

scholarly journals Prevalence of human leukocyte antigen HLA-B*57:01 in individuals with HIV in West and Central Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malewe Kolou ◽  
Armel Poda ◽  
Zelica Diallo ◽  
Esther Konou ◽  
Tatiana Dokpomiwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Leukocyte Antigen ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Human Leukocyte ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Leukocyte Antigen ◽  
West And Central Africa ◽  
Hiv 1

Abstract Background The presence of the human leukocyte antigen HLA-B*57:01 is associated with the development of a hypersensitivity reaction to abacavir (ABC). Limited data exist on HLA-B*57:01 prevalence in individuals with HIV-1 in Africa. This study aimed to estimate HLA-B*57:01 prevalence in individuals with HIV-1 in West and Central Africa. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in four countries in West and central Africa (Burkina-Faso, Côte d’Ivoire, Gabon, and Togo) from January 2016 to February 2020 to determine the status of HLA-B*57:01 in adults with HIV-1. The presence of HLA-B*57:01 was determined by using Single Specific Primer-Polymerase Chain Reaction (SSP-PCR) in blood samples. Prevalence rates were stratified based on country. Results A total of 4016 (69.8% women) individuals with HIV were enrolled. Their median age was 45, and the interquartile range was 38–52. We included 500 (12.4%) patients in Burkina-Faso, 1453 (36.2%) in Côte d’Ivoire, 951 (23.7%) in Gabon, and 1112 (27.7%) in Togo. The overall HLA-B*57:01 prevalence was 0.1% [95% CI: 0.0–0.2%]. The prevalence of HLA-B*57:01 was similar according to the four countries. Only one case was reported in each country except Togo, with no cases. Conclusions HLA-B*57:01 prevalence is low in individuals with HIV in West and central Africa, and there is no difference among countries. This study does not confirm the utility of HLA-B*57:01 allele testing for abacavir use in this region.

Prospects for West and Central Africa in 2016

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Central African Republic ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Municipal Elections ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social Fabric ◽  
Political Campaigning ◽  
The Social ◽  
West And Central Africa

Subject Prospects for West and Central Africa in 2016. Significance Around a dozen presidential, legislative and municipal elections scheduled for next year portend a disruptive and, in some cases, potentially unstable period. In Ghana, pre-election spending will test official commitment to the country's IMF bailout terms. Elsewhere -- notably Burkina Faso, Guinea and the Central African Republic (CAR) -- political campaigning could magnify long-held internecine grievances, straining the social fabric.

Pour l'abandon du fétichisme de la dépolitisation

1974 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-51
Author(s):  
Yokhanan Manor
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
Public Administrators ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Double Origin ◽  
False Problem

Towards the abandonment of the fetishism of depoliticizationThe problem of the politics of administration is generally badly stated. The notion of politicization is opposed to that of depoliticization, without offering a precise definition of the two terms. There is a double origin to this false problem. First, the depoliticization of the administration appears to be dictated by the progress of rationality. Secondly, political circles show a will or an assent to shield public administrators from political debate. One is thus led to conceive of the politicization of administration in a narrow and negative way, a fact which falsifies the discussion of the problem. On the other hand, if one sees politicization as a phenomenon of interpenetration and influence, in both senses, between the administrative and the political sectors of the system, one widens the full significance of the problem and is led to treat it in a positive manner. The three criteria espoused by Caiden and Raphaeli are employed in this analysis, even if they call for serious reservations. The case studies are those of Great Britain, France, and Israel. In the course of the three studies, an inventory is established of both the negative and positive effects of politicization of the administration. The phenomenon appears finally as irreducible. That is why one has to abandon the fetishism of depoliticization in order to become aware or to become conscious again of the intrinsic politicization of the administration, the effects of which are not only baleful.

Beyond Procreation: Rereading Aquinas in the Context of Involuntary Childlessness in West and Central Africa

Horizons ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-45
Author(s):  
Joseph Loic Mben
Keyword(s):  
Vatican Ii ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Ethical Framework ◽  
True Nature ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Christian Communities ◽  
West And Central Africa ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Church

This article tries to construct an ethical framework to address the issue of infertility through a creative use of Thomas Aquinas’ thought. Involuntary childlessness is one of the forgotten issues among Christian communities in West and Central Africa. Starting with the scientific definition of infertility, the article shows the gender differences and biases in the perception of childlessness in that region. Although infertility equally affects men and women, the latter, most of the time, are blamed for it. Although Scripture contains some ambivalent elements concerning infertility, on the whole it offers valuable insights by presenting childlessness as a type of life also blessed by God. Likewise, the language of the church since Vatican II has done away with the hierarchical view of the ends of marriage (or the idea that procreation is the primary goal of marriage over and against the unity of the spouses). Aquinas teaches us about the true nature of marriage and the value of childlessness. In addition, Aquinas’ understanding of love helps articulate areas that could guide infertile individuals and childless couples, on the one hand, and Christian communities, on the other hand, who have to deal with childless members.

scholarly journals DIAGNOSIS KESULITAN MAHASISWA DI UNIVERSITAS KUNINGAN DALAM PEMBUKTIAN MENGGUNAKAN INDUKSI MATEMATIKA BESERTA UPAYA MENGATASINYA MENGGUNAKAN SCAFFOLDING

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azin Taufik
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Mathematical Induction ◽  
The Other ◽  
Conceptual Thinking ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Potential Level

This study was conducted to describe the difficulties of students in the proof using mathematical induction as well as efforts to resolve it using the Scaffolding. Scaffolding is providing assistance given by teachers or peers who are more capable to students so that they can reach their potential level. This study uses a qualitative research design types of case studies, where data is obtained in the form of observations sheet test and an interview with the subject. The subject is based on the results of diagnostic tests that are classified according to type of error is then taken of each group of students as subjects. Based on the research, found the location of the difficulties experienced by students in the proof of proposition using mathematical induction, namely the difficulty in manipulating algebra to show the truth of Pk + 1. Of these difficulties, students are given the scaffolding in accordance with the difficulties faced by each student. Depth scaffolding scaffolding provided is a second level that is explaining, reviewing and restructuring and third tiers of scaffolding that is developing conceptual thinking. The advice given by researchers is the teacher must give emphasis or affirmation special steps to make assumptions and define a form Pk + 1, the student must master the other concepts that relate to a given problem, so as to make the connection between Pk and Pk +1, and similar studies should be conducted with more depth on other types of problems, such as conjecture. Keywords: Diagnosis difficulty, Mathematical Induction, Scaffolding

scholarly journals African Music and Human Experience in the 21st Century with Particular Reference to Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr Sunday Nnamani
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Traditional Music ◽  
Human Experience ◽  
The Other ◽  
Musical Experience ◽  
African Music ◽  
The West ◽  
Education Politics ◽  
West And Central Africa

Music in Africa portrays the totality of its cultural product. It cannot be separated from culture because in culture there is music and in music there is culture. This paper titled “African Music and Human experience in the 21st century with particular reference to Nigeria” examined the traditional music of the continent as it is passed down orally from one generation to the other, it looked at it on the basis of regions and later zeroed down to the West and Central Africa where Nigeria is located. The problems of development of musical experience which include, socio-economic and technological problems, disunity, lack of recognition, education, politics, etc were examined. Also the relevance of music to human experiences presently were looked into with a view to salvaging the dilapidating image of the study/ and research into pure African music highlighted. A list of crusaders and scholars of African music were also enumerated in order to encourage others to join

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