Describing Side Two

2021 ◽  
pp. 69-97
Author(s):  
S. Alexander Reed
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Musical Analysis ◽  
Big Science ◽  
Historical Origins

This chapter offers the first in-depth musical analysis of Big Science’s second half. Using the paradigms of chronos and kairos explained in chapter 1, it uncovers historical origins, intertextualities, structural characteristics, and the remarkable signs of the songs. Tracks discussed are “O Superman,” “Example #22,” “Let X = X,” and “It Tango.” Particularly noteworthy is the new historical research into the origins of “O Superman,” Laurie Anderson’s top-charting and most well-known song.

Describing Side One

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-63
Author(s):  
S. Alexander Reed
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Musical Analysis ◽  
Big Science ◽  
Historical Origins

This chapter offers the first in-depth musical analysis of Big Science’s first half. Using the paradigms of chronos and kairos explained earlier, it uncovers historical origins, intertextualities, structural characteristics, and the remarkable signs of the songs. Tracks discussed are “From the Air,” “Big Science,” “Sweaters,” “Walking and Falling,” and “Born, Never Asked.”

A History of the Present

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 697-702
Author(s):  
Mithi Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Political Development ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
Point Of Departure ◽  
Historical Origins ◽  
As If

In his comments Kunal Parker has framed my article within what he calls the “ontology of colonialism as difference.” He argues that my article “fits squarely” within a “self-consciously postcolonial scholarship” that in recent decades has been centrally concerned with “the rendering of colonialism as difference.” My research in this article, however, was neither inspired nor guided by the historiography of difference. Indeed Parker's framing of my article in these terms prevents him from seeing the most important claims in it. If I were to characterize the nature of my essay in terms of a genre of historiography, I would place it in the genre of the history of the present. My aim in this article, which is part of a larger project, was to make the postcolonial political formation in India intelligible in the light of its pre-independence historical origins. While most historians of modern India terminate their research at 1947, the year of India's independence, assuming postcolonial political development to be inaccessible to historical research, most studies by political scientists have taken 1947 as their point of departure, as if the postcolonial political formation had emerged fully formed without any history. My larger project seeks to break through this historiographical barrier and make postcolonial India accessible to historical research.

Hypermeter Beyond Phrase Structure

2021 ◽  
pp. 256-298
Author(s):  
Danuta Mirka
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Phrase Structure ◽  
Historical Origins

This chapter explores hypermetrical irregularities beyond phrase structure. The discussion focuses on the perception of hypermeter in transition and development sections. It tracks hypermeter in sequences and fugato, then turns to augmented half and full cadences and posits their hypermetrical profiles as preference factors of hypermetric perception. Augmentation of rhythmical values in cadences is related to the augmentation of passing notes. While it was not permitted in strict style, such augmentation is discussed by eighteenth-century music theorists in relation to free style. This discussion provides further proof of eighteenth-century recognition of hypermeter and it supplements the remarks about historical origins of hypermeter in chapter 1.

Chaebol

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-young Rhyu
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Economic Reform ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Business Management ◽  
Developmental State ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Historical Origins

Chaebol is a very contentious word in Korea, both practically and theoretically. Chaebols serve as genes, deeply imprinted on the structural characteristics and historical origins of all sectors, including politics, society, and culture, as well as the economy and business management in South Korea. The assessment of Chaebols is largely expressed using one of three metaphors: angels, demons, or necessary evils in South Korea’s political economy. The democratization in 1987 and the 1997 Asian economic crisis served as dual pressures that triggered economic reform and resulted in extensive institutional change and Chaebol reform. Under the pressures of globalization and democratization, the country’s developmental state and Chaebols are all going through the process of reform and evolution. The sustainability and future of Chaebols will depend on how innovative they are in the global market and how much they can enhance social trust in South Korea.

“My Worship Has Been Hijacked”

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-38
Author(s):  
Melanie C. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Historical Research ◽  
Charismatic Movement ◽  
Worship Music ◽  
Evangelical Churches ◽  
Praise And Worship

Chapter 1 combines historical research with autoethnographic narrative to contextualize the dramatic musical shifts that have taken place in evangelicalism over the last four decades. In the 1980s and 1990s, “praise and worship” music—a genre with roots in the Pentecostal and charismatic movement—began to enter the evangelical mainstream. Evangelical churches struggled with how to negotiate the ethos and aesthetics of these new songs into their services, leading to a period that many commentators dubbed the “worship wars.” Subsequent developments, including the formation of Christian Copyright Licensing International (CCLI), a concerted push by secular distributors to sell worship music to churches, and the rise of new kind of performer (the “celebrity worship leader”), exacerbated internal congregational tensions and debates.

scholarly journals Epistemology of Research on Radiation and Matter: a Structural View

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 244-270
Author(s):  
Isabel Serra ◽  
Elisa Maia
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Big Science ◽  
Experimental Dynamics ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The modern understanding of radiation got its start in 1895 with X-rays discovered by Wilhelm Röntgen, followed in 1896 by Henri Becquerel’s discovery of radioactivity. The development of the study of radiation opened a vast field of research concerning various disciplines: chemistry, physics, biology, geology, sociology, ethics, etc. Additionally, new branches of knowledge were created, such as atomic and nuclear physics that enabled an in-depth knowledge of the matter. Moreover, during the historical evolution of this body of knowledge a wide variety of new technologies was emerging. This article seeks to analyze the characteristics of experimental research in radioactivity and microphysics, in particular the relationship experience-theory. It will also be emphasized that for more than two decades, since the discovery of radioactivity, experiments took place without the theory being able to follow experimental dynamics. Some aspects identified as structural features of scientific research in the area of radiation and matter will be addressed through historical examples. The inventiveness of experiments in parallel with the emergence of quantum mechanics, the formation of teams and their relationship with technology developed from the experiments, as well as the evolution of microphysics in the sense of “Big Science” will be the main structural characteristics here focused. The case study of research in radioactivity in Portugal that assumes a certain importance and has structural characteristics similar to those of Europe will be presented.

A High Resolution Study of G.P. Zones in Aluminum - 4.2 at % Silver

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 722-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Gronsky
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Computer Simulations ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Resolution Study

The phenomenon of clustering in Al-Ag alloys has been extensively studied since the early work of Guinierl, wherein the pre-precipitation state was characterized as an assembly of spherical, ordered, silver-rich G.P. zones. Subsequent x-ray and TEM investigations yielded results in general agreement with this model. However, serious discrepancies were later revealed by the detailed x-ray diffraction - based computer simulations of Gragg and Cohen, i.e., the silver-rich clusters were instead octahedral in shape and fully disordered, atleast below 170°C. The object of the present investigation is to examine directly the structural characteristics of G.P. zones in Al-Ag by high resolution transmission electron microscopy.

SEM analysis of the change in the reaction rates with deposit structures in the copper-iron cementation system

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 456-457
Author(s):  
V. Annamalai ◽  
L.E. Murr
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Secondary Electron Emission ◽  
Copper Deposit ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Major Drawback ◽  
Emission Mode ◽  
Scrap Iron ◽  
Image Position

Economical recovery of copper metal from leach liquors has been carried out by the simple process of cementing copper onto a suitable substrate metal, such as scrap-iron, since the 16th century. The process has, however, a major drawback of consuming more iron than stoichiometrically needed by the reaction.Therefore, many research groups started looking into the process more closely. Though it is accepted that the structural characteristics of the resultant copper deposit cause changes in reaction rates for various experimental conditions, not many systems have been systematically investigated. This paper examines the deposit structures and the kinetic data, and explains the correlations between them.A simple cementation cell along with rotating discs of pure iron (99.9%) were employed in this study to obtain the kinetic results The resultant copper deposits were studied in a Hitachi Perkin-Elmer HHS-2R scanning electron microscope operated at 25kV in the secondary electron emission mode.

Use of 2½ D imaging in analysis of NiTi martensite

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 610-611
Author(s):  
G. M. Michal
Keyword(s):  
Memory Effect ◽  
Monoclinic Phase ◽  
Reaction Path ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Salient Feature ◽  
Martensite Phase ◽  
Orientation Relationships ◽  
Low Symmetry ◽  
Hydride Phases ◽  
Unusual Shape

Several TEM investigations have attempted to correlate the structural characteristics to the unusual shape memory effect in NiTi, the consensus being the essence of the memory effect is ostensible manifest in the structure of NiTi transforming martensitic- ally from a B2 ordered lattice to a low temperature monoclinic phase. Commensurate with the low symmetry of the martensite phase, many variants may form from the B2 lattice explaining the very complex transformed microstructure. The microstructure may also be complicated by the enhanced formation of oxide or hydride phases and precipitation of intermetallic compounds by electron beam exposure. Variants are typically found in selfaccommodation groups with members of a group internally twinned and the twins themselves are often observed to be internally twinned. Often the most salient feature of a group of variants is their close clustering around a given orientation. Analysis of such orientation relationships may be a key to determining the nature of the reaction path that gives the transformation its apparently perfect reversibility.

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