Separate Segregations

2021 ◽  
pp. 139-170
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Guglielmo
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Puerto Rican ◽  
Language Ability ◽  
Japanese Americans ◽  
Military Policy ◽  
World War ◽  
The World ◽  
Over Time

Chapter 4 examines how the World War II–era military sometimes created descent-specific outfits other than “Negro” ones. At one time or another the army had a lengthy list of such units—made up of people of Austrian, Chinese, Filipino, Greek, Japanese, Mexican, Norwegian, Puerto Rican, and Native American ancestry. This nonblack troop segregation of sorts varied over time and according to numerous factors, including descent or “race,” location of induction, timing of induction, gender, and even foreign-language ability. How and which ancestries mattered most hinged on everything from the particulars of the war to long-standing military policy. Of all nonblacks, Japanese Americans faced the most extensive segregation during the war, but they fought it tenaciously, becoming increasingly integrated by war’s end.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda L. Tyler
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
War On Terror ◽  
Japanese Americans ◽  
Legal Tradition ◽  
World War ◽  
Modern Conception ◽  
The World ◽  
Enemy Combatant

The Introduction begins by exploring modern examples sanctioning the concept of the citizen enemy combatant, such as the War on Terror cases of José Padilla and Yaser Hamdi. It then suggests that the roots of this concept may be found in the World War II detention of Japanese Americans, including over 70,000 U.S. citizens. The Introduction continues by arguing that this modern conception of the citizen enemy combatant is impossible to reconcile with the historic understanding of the Suspension Clause and the habeas privilege that trace their origins to English legal tradition, an understanding that remained consistent well through Reconstruction. The Introduction concludes with an overview of the book.

Foundations for a New World Order: Uniting Protestant Worship during the World War II Japanese American Incarceration

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-316
Author(s):  
Anne M. Blankenship
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
New World ◽  
World Order ◽  
Japanese Americans ◽  
Japanese American ◽  
New World Order ◽  
World War ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Church

During the World War II incarceration of Japanese Americans, visions of a peaceful new world order led mainline Protestants to manipulate the worship practices of incarcerated Japanese Americans ( Nikkei) to strengthen unity of the church and nation. Ecumenical leaders saw possibilities within the chaos of incarceration and war to improve themselves, their church, and the world through these experiments based on ideals of Protestant ecumenism and desires for racial equality and integration. This essay explores why agendas that restricted the autonomy of racial minorities were doomed to fail and how Protestants can learn from this experience to expand their definition of unity to include pluralist representations of Christianity and America as imagined by different sects and ethnic groups.

scholarly journals “If English Was Good Enough for Jesus, It’s Good Enough for Me”

Paideusis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
Peter Kovacs
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
English Language ◽  
Endangered Languages ◽  
Teaching English ◽  
World War ◽  
Philosophical Discussion ◽  
Lingua Franca ◽  
The World ◽  
Harmful Effects

Since the end of World War II, English has become the virtual lingua franca of the planet. However, this development carries significant ethical and educational questions: What are the consequences of the worldwide dominance of the English language? How has it affected and how will it affect the fortunes of other languages? What can and should we as educators to do to minimize or eliminate the harmful effects on some of the endangered languages of the world? This paper will invite educators into a philosophical discussion of the ethical complexities of teaching English as a Second or Foreign Language.

In Defense of Justice

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eileen H. Tamura
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
The United States ◽  
Concentration Camps ◽  
Japanese Americans ◽  
Japanese American ◽  
World War ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

As a leading dissident in the World War II concentration camps for Japanese Americans, Joseph Yoshisuke Kurihara stands out as an icon of Japanese American resistance. In this biography, Kurihara's life provides a window into the history of Japanese Americans during the first half of the twentieth century. Born in Hawaiʻi to Japanese parents who immigrated to work on the sugar plantations, Kurihara was transformed by the forced removal and incarceration of ethnic Japanese during World War II. As an inmate at Manzanar in California, Kurihara became one of the leaders of a dissident group within the camp and was implicated in “the Manzanar incident,” a serious civil disturbance that erupted on December 6, 1942. In 1945, after three years and seven months of incarceration, he renounced his U.S. citizenship and boarded a ship for Japan, never to return to the United States. Shedding light on the turmoil within the camps as well as the sensitive and formerly unspoken issue of citizenship renunciation among Japanese Americans, this book explores one man's struggles with the complexities of loyalty and dissent.

Steht auf, wenn ihr Deutsche seid!

2007 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Strulik
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Collective Behavior ◽  
Threshold Model ◽  
World War ◽  
World Cup ◽  
The World ◽  
Assurance Game ◽  
Informational Cascade ◽  
Over Time

SummaryDuring the World Cup 2006 Germany experienced a surge of revealed patriotism unseen so far after World War II. How can this unexpected and spontaneous change of social behavior be explained given that preferences (for patriotism) are stable over time? This essay introduces and discusses three possible explanations: (i) patriotism as assurance game, (ii) patriotism as informational cascade, and (iii) patriotism as equilibrium in the threshold model of collective behavior.

Conclusion

2021 ◽  
pp. 122-124
Author(s):  
Amanda L. Tyler
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Mass Incarceration ◽  
Political Prisoners ◽  
Japanese Americans ◽  
Constitutional Rights ◽  
Habeas Corpus ◽  
World War ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

The book concludes by celebrating aspects of the history of the writ of habeas corpus as a great writ of liberty, observing that the writ has served as a vehicle for securing the freedom of political prisoners and slaves and for the declaration of bedrock constitutional rights in criminal cases. But, the conclusion also notes, it is also the case that habeas corpus has sometimes fallen short, as the World War II mass incarceration of Japanese Americans reveals. Habeas, in other words, is sometimes only as effective as the politics of the time permit. Highlighting the challenges that lie ahead for the future of the storied writ, the conclusion suggests that we would do well to recall the period when the writ earned Blackstone’s praise as a “second magna carta,” for that history tells a story of a habeas writ that could bring even the King of England to his knees before the law.

scholarly journals School of Diplomatic English

2014 ◽  
pp. 203-205
Author(s):  
D. A. Kryachkov
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
International Relations ◽  
English Language ◽  
State University ◽  
International Affairs ◽  
World War ◽  
The World ◽  
Language Communication ◽  
Moscow State University

Chair of English Language № 1 considers itself the successor of the English Language Chair, established at the Faculty of International Relations at the Moscow State University during the World War II. After the Faculty was reformed into MGIMO the Department of English Language began to grow rapidly. Members of the chair develop textbooks and teaching materials designed to provide competence-based approach in the education in field of international affairs, the development of the professional proficiency in English, which are necessary for future participants of our foreign policy. To date, the chair staff consists of 60 professionals, including 26 PhDs. Teachers of the department also conduct research and take part in educational conferences both in Russia and abroad, including those devoted to the professional foreign language communication. Members of the chair also publish scientific articles in this field.

3. Technology, mechanization, and the world wars

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-86
Author(s):  
Joseph T. Glatthaar
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Japanese Americans ◽  
World War ◽  
Naval Warfare ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Military Aviation ◽  
The World ◽  
American Society ◽  
The Military

Technology alone does not transform warfare. “Technology, mechanization and the world wars” demonstrates that it needs to be paired with organization and sound doctrine. The two world wars saw advances in military aviation and naval warfare. During World War II, resources were divided between two theaters: the European and the Pacific. American society was transformed, with a booming economy and more opportunities in defense and the military. Not everyone benefited; hundreds of thousands of Japanese Americans were interned. Conventional bombings and blockades diminished in effectiveness throughout World War II, which ended with the unprecedented decision to drop atomic bombs on Japan.

The World

2019 ◽  
pp. 132-151
Author(s):  
Thomas K. Rudel
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
World War ◽  
Focusing Events ◽  
The World ◽  
International Climate ◽  
Focusing Event ◽  
Over Time

Comparable environmental reforms have never occurred at the global scale of governance. Segments of the dynamic described in the four case studies have taken place at the global scale. A focusing event, World War II, spurred the creation of a global governance institution, the United Nations, which later became the organizational sponsor for the ongoing international effort to counter climate change. Different kinds of focusing events, extreme weather in the form of droughts or storms, have over time contributed to an increase in the number of nations advocating for radical reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. These changes suggest that, over time, an international “climate club” could emerge. These trends, while fragmentary and so far unsuccessful in producing mandatory global-scale reforms, are consistent with the theoretical dynamic that has driven the national-scale reforms analyzed in the case studies.

Conclusion

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda L. Tyler
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
War On Terror ◽  
Supreme Court Decision ◽  
Court Decision ◽  
Japanese Americans ◽  
World War ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
Domestic Law

The book concludes by arguing that the current state of American habeas jurisprudence should trouble anyone who cares about the Constitution. As the chapters of the book reveal, the War on Terror Supreme Court decision in Hamdi v. Rumsfeld and the World War II internment of Japanese Americans stand entirely at odds with everything the Founding generation sought to achieve with the Suspension Clause. Specifically, the origins and long-standing interpretation of the Suspension Clause understood it to prohibit the government, in the absence of a valid suspension, from detaining persons who can claim the protection of domestic law outside the criminal process, even in wartime.

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