Copernicium

Virtual Words ◽  
2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathon Keats
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Periodic Table ◽  
Heavy Element ◽  
Nobel Laureate ◽  
Particle Accelerator ◽  
Copernican Revolution ◽  
The Status ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Intellectual Commons

The only accolade that American chemist Glen T. Seaborg cared for more than winning the Nobel Prize was having an element named in his honor. In 1994 his colleagues gave him that distinction, elevating the Nobel laureate to the status of helium and hydrogen. Over the next fifteen years, six more elements followed seaborgium onto the periodic table, bringing the total to 112. The last, enshrined in 2009, pays homage to Nicolas Copernicus. Unlike Seaborg, Copernicus never sought such a tribute. Having already scored ample name recognition with the Copernican Revolution, he didn’t really need it. If anything, by the time copernicium was recognized as an element, the periodic table needed him. Copernicium is one of twenty elements containing more protons than the ninety-two naturally found in uranium. All twenty are made artificially in laboratories by colliding preexisting elements such as zinc and lead in a particle accelerator or cyclotron. In some ten billion billion bombardments, two protons will fuse to make one atom of a new super-heavy element. Typically the atom is unstable, lasting perhaps a millisecond before decaying into lighter elements again. All of which makes element fabrication a tricky enterprise, nearly as miraculous as alchemy and considerably more contentious. Who synthesized the first atom of an element, and therefore gets to name it? Seaborg’s UC Berkeley laboratory was the only one in the business through the 1940s and 1950s, netting him ten elements, including plutonium, for which he won the 1951 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. By the 1960s, however, there was competition from the Soviets, resulting in the so-called Transfermium Wars. For several decades the periodic table became a political battlefield rather than an intellectual commons. Nothing could have been further from the table’s Enlightenment origins. The product of empirical research and intended to disseminate universal knowledge, a table of presumed elements was first published by the French chemist Antoine Lavoisier in 1789, arranging thirty-three substances, including silver and sulfur and phosphorus, based on observed attributes (such as “Oxydable and Acidifiable simple Metallic Bodies”) rather than according to philosophical precepts.

scholarly journals To Re-present a Nobel Prize Winner. Interpreting a Public Literary Conversation

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Geiger Poignant ◽  
Cecilia Wadensjö
Keyword(s):  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Nobel Laureate ◽  
Nobel Prize Winner ◽  
Information Loss ◽  
Cultural Practice ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Necessary Evil

AbstractThis article examines the unfolding of interaction in a growing and, so far, scarcely examined social and cultural practice – interpreter-mediated public literary conversations. In this context, the activity of interpreters, although indispensable when authors and audiences do not share a common language, is sometimes regarded as a “necessary evil” that allegedly causes delays and information loss. Exploring an interpreter-mediated public literary conversation with Nobel Laureate Svetlana Alexievich as a case in point, the focus of this article is rather on what the presence of an interpreter might add to the shared performance on stage. Attention is drawn to the temporal evolvement of the interlocutor’s communicative resources, evident within narrative sequences, drawing on prosody research and research on gestures. The study suggests that, apart from keeping the non-Russian speaking audience updated on content, the interpreter’s rhythmically calibrated performance adds an energizing asset to the event as a whole. The notion of the “coupled turn”, internally hosting gestural and prosodic coherence across topical boundaries and language frame shifts, emerges as a usable unit for the analysis.

Politics and the life sciences:An unfinished revolution

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary R. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Life Sciences ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Journal Editor ◽  
Multidisciplinary Analysis ◽  
Thirtieth Anniversary ◽  
Intellectual Origins ◽  
The Status ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Advance Knowledge ◽  
The Revolution

Politics and the life sciences—also referred to as biopolitics—is a field of study that seeks to advance knowledge of politics and promote better policymaking through multidisciplinary analysis that draws on the life sciences. While the intellectual origins of the field may be traced at least into the 1960s, a broadly organized movement appeared only with the founding of the Association for Politics and the Life Sciences (APLS) in 1980 and the establishment of its journal,Politics and the Life Sciences(PLS), in 1982. This essay—contributed by a past journal editor and association executive director—concludes a celebration of the association's thirtieth anniversary. It reviews the founding of the field and the association, as well as the contributions of the founders. It also discusses the nature of the empirical work that will advance the field, makes recommendations regarding the identity and future of the association, and assesses the status of the revolution of which the association is a part. It argues that there is progress to celebrate, but that this revolution—the last of three great scientific revolutions—is still in its early stages. The revolution is well-started, but remains unfinished.

Public Intoxication and Criminal Justice

1975 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 220-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. George Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Federal Courts ◽  
Survey Questionnaire ◽  
Modest Increase ◽  
The Status ◽  
The 1960S

Since the mid 1930's there has been an accelerating growth in understanding the nature and scope of alcohol abuse, and a modest increase in resources to combat it. Although, as early as 1869, a significant court decision held that alcoholism could be viewed as an illness, It was not until the second half of the 1960s that the next such findings, this time by Federal courts, set the course of continuing action to take alcoholism out of the criminal justice system and place it under the aegis of health care. The status of alcoholism legislation in thirty-eight states is examined, based on their resonse to a survey questionnaire and other data provided by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Alternate treatment systems, developed and tested by the Ontario Addictions Foundation, provide background to the treatment systems which have emerged in most states which have decriminalized public intoxication.

scholarly journals Jewel in the Crown

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-126
Author(s):  
Hillevi Ganetz
Keyword(s):  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Scientific Content ◽  
Service Company ◽  
The Status ◽  
Unexpected Findings

Abstract This study explores the aims of the Nobel Banquet broadcast, produced by the Swedish public service company SVT and the Nobel Foundation. The study suggests that the programme can be viewed as a co-construction of science and media, and that the Nobel Foundation has three primary purposes: 1) to teach the audience about science; 2) to honour the laureates; and 3) to maintain and increase the status of the Nobel prize. SVT, for their part, has two main purposes: 1) to teach their audience about science, and 2) to entertain. The aims of the Nobel Foundation and SVT may seem disparate, but they are interrelated. At the same time, the subtleties between the entities create a tension that develops through mutual negotiations. The study ends with a discussion of two unexpected findings: 1) the shared, yet essentially differently-grounded aims of both parties to inform about science, and 2) the fact that their scientific content has increased in both absolute and relative terms over the years, a finding that questions notions of a continuous mediatisation of social institutions.

scholarly journals CORPO E AUTOEXPERIMENTAÇÃO: UMA LEITURA DA ARTCHARNELDE ORLAN A PARTIR DO PENSAMENTO PÓS-FEMINISTA DE PAUL B. PRECIADO / Body and self-experimentation: a reading of ORLAN's artcharnel from Paul B. Preciado's post-feminist thinking

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (39) ◽  
pp. 93-105
Author(s):  
Rejane Lopes Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Female Body ◽  
Western Society ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Theoretical Considerations ◽  
Contemporary Western Society

A partir da década de 1960 teve início na Europa e nos EUA um novo movimento artístico conhecido como arte performativa. ORLAN, artista plástica francesa, insere-se neste movimento através de obras que incluem intervenções cirúrgicas em seu próprio corpo com o objetivo de questionar o status do corpo feminino na sociedade ocidental contemporânea. Diante disso, propomos no presente artigo, uma análise do seu trabalho a partir das considerações teóricas do filósofo e escritor transgênero Paul B. Preciado.Palavras-chave: Arte performativa; ORLAN; Gênero; Feminismo; Paul. B. Preciado.AbstractFrom the 1960s, a new artistic movement known as performative art began in Europe and the USA. ORLAN, a French artist, is part of this movement through works that include surgical interventions on her own body in order to question the status of the female body in contemporary Western society. Therefore, in this article, we propose an analysis of his work based on the theoretical considerations of the transgender philosopher and writer Paul B. Preciado.Keywords: Performative art; ORLAN; Genre; Feminism; Paul B. Preciado.

scholarly journals THE EVOLUTION OF SOTHO ACCORDION MUSIC IN LESOTHO: 1980–2005

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 127-143
Author(s):  
Lehlohonolo Phafoli
Keyword(s):  
The Status ◽  
The 1960S

The article describes the origins, evolution and status of Sotho1 koriana accordion music from the 1920s through the 1960s and 70s when it was considered shebeen music, and from1980 to 2005, when there was a change of attitude towards it and only sporadic production. Two concerns are: the status of koriana music, and, its appreciation by Sotho people themselves. Data was collected through observations, interviews with artists and listeners, and from cassettes, radio and TV programmes. Aspects of the music are described and related to non-musical events of the period.

scholarly journals Between positivism and narrativism in Polish methodology of history

HISTOREIN ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Brzechczyn
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Theory Of Science ◽  
The Third ◽  
Nancy Cartwright ◽  
The Status ◽  
Scientific Context ◽  
Scientific Laws ◽  
Covering Law ◽  
The 1960S

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Youth welfare work

2018 ◽  
pp. 180-216
Author(s):  
Carole Holohan
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Youth Work ◽  
Welfare Work ◽  
Youth Welfare ◽  
The Status ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Many ◽  
Changing Attitudes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
International Strategies

Chapter five focuses on the development of youth welfare work, in particular the youth club, as a response to concerns that young people were not using their leisure time appropriately. Fred Powell, Martin Geoghegan, Margaret Scanlon and Katharina Swirak highlight how an international volunteer boom in the 1960s, and in the field of youth work in particular, in part reflected changing attitudes to youth and concerns about what seemed a disaffected generation. This chapter assesses developments in youth work at a local and national level, highlighting the impact of international strategies in this field and the tensions between the many players in the Irish scene. It attests to the ways in which external frameworks, emanating from supranational bodies such as the Council of Europe and the United Nations, reframed understandings of youth in the adult imagination and influenced how youth was perceived by voluntary and statutory organisations. It also highlights the ways in which some international ideas and models were embraced but others challenged the status quo, and therefore faced resistance.

Transformal Role of Product Design in Singapore’s Transition to a Service Economy

2011 ◽  
pp. 431-446
Author(s):  
Peer M. Sathikh
Keyword(s):  
Product Design ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Small Population ◽  
East India Company ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Government ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
City State

Singapore, a city state of 4.8 million people, located at the tip of the Malaysian Peninsula, was founded in 1819, when Sir Stamford Raffles of the East India Company established a trading settlement in Singapore. The meeting point for Chinese, Malays, Indians, Arabs, Europeans and others on their journey through the southern seas, Singapore achieved its initial economic success through international trade as a free port and free market. Given the status of an independent country in 1965, Singapore suddenly found itself in a struggle to survive. It’s small population and scarce resources meant that regional and world markets were larger than the domestic market, presenting the government and its policymakers with distinctive economic challenges and opportunities. This chapter tries to recount the policies and subsequent actions put in place in Singapore from the 1960s till the present, promoting the creative industry, including product design, in order to transform a market dependent economy into a service centered economy. This chapter also discusses if and how such a ‘planned intervention’ played an important role in building up the resources and infrastructure within Singapore and in attracting multi-national companies to locate their R&D and design facilities in Singapore, pointing to where it has succeeded and where it has not.

Readymades

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Child
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
John Cage ◽  
Marcel Duchamp ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Jasper Johns ◽  
Robert Rauschenberg ◽  
The Status ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Common Understanding ◽  
Bicycle Wheel

In 1916, the French artist Marcel Duchamp coined the term "readymade" to describe a body of his own work in which everyday and often mass-produced objects were given the status of a work of art with little or no intervention by the artist beyond signing and displaying them. He began to produce these works in Paris, beginning with Bottle Rack (1914) and Bicycle Wheel (1913). (Duchamp, however, did not explicitly acknowledge these works until his move to New York in 1915.) These two works present examples of the two distinct types of readymades: readymade unaided and readymade aided. The most well-known readymade is Duchamp’s Fountain (1917), which was famously refused entry into an exhibition with no entry conditions. Much later, Fountain became symbolic of the emergent shift from modernism to postmodernism in the 1960s, with the group of artists who gathered around the composer John Cage, including Robert Rauschenberg and Jasper Johns, sometimes referred to as the neo-avant-garde. It was during this period that Duchamp’s account of the function of the readymade was consolidated into the now common understanding, which is that "readymade" constitutes an object chosen by an artist and declared to be art.

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