Cultivating Democracy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukulika Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Rural Setting ◽  
Active Citizenship ◽  
Indian Politics ◽  
The People ◽  
Anthropological Study ◽  
The Social ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Cultivating Democracy is the first study of its kind of the world’s largest democracy that shows how the values of republicanism are essential for successful democratic practice. In 1950, after independence, India constituted itself as a sovereign democratic republic. While democracy indicated the character of the vertical representative nature of the relationship between citizens and state, the term republic outlined the horizontal relationship of fraternity between people and an active engagement by citizens. The discussion of Indian politics in this book thereby attends to both its institutional form and its democratic culture and shows how the project of democracy is incomplete unless it is also accompanied by a continual cultivation of active citizenship of republicanism. This book is an anthropological study of the relationship of formal political democracy and the cultivation of active citizenship in one particular rural setting in India, studied from 1998 to 2013. It draws on deep ethnographic engagement with the people and social life in two villages, both during elections and in the time in between them, to show how these two temporalities connect. The analysis shows how an agrarian village society produces the social imaginaries required for democratic and republican values. The ethnographic microscope on a single paddy growing setting allows us to examine how the various social institutions of kinship, economy, and religion are critical sites for the continual civic cultivation of cooperation, vigilance, redistribution, inviolate commitment, and hope—values that are essential for democracy.

scholarly journals DISCOURSE AGONALITY AND RESOURCES OF ITS REALIZATION

2016 ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
O. Kochubeynyk
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Language Change ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Symbolic Violence ◽  
Contest Competition ◽  
The Social ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The article problematize the relationship of discourse to inequality, exclusion, subjugation, dominance and privilege. The linkages between discourse, modes of social organization, lived experience and strategies of resistance is discussed. Discourse is understood as both an expression and a mechanism of power, by which means particular social realities are conceived, made manifest, legitimated, naturalized, challenged, resisted and reimagined. The term discourse has also been used to designate particular ‘modes of talking’ associated with particular social institutions and reproduced by them. It means that social institutions produce specific ways or modes of talking about certain areas of social life, which are related to the place and nature of that institution. The main attention in the article is paid to illuminating the generative power of discourse in constructing, sustaining and challenging inequitable modes of social organization. The author has proposed a model that accounts for the two ways in which power is present in discourse and thus in society - a model which might be used as a basis for the development of a framework for discourse analysis as well as for the conceptualization of social change and its relation to language change. The author has used the notion of agon to explain some processes which occurred in constructing of social reality. Agon comes from the Greek word agōn, which is translated with a number of meanings, among them «contest,» «competition at games,» and «gathering». Agonality (agon) is declared as main specialty of discourse. It is proposed to see in the agonality the striving of discourse to its own self-assertion, which is manifested in the clash of forces, which potentially lies in social inter-relations. The author also considers the category of «symbolic violence» as a function of the power, the ability to impose values and recognize their legitimacy. In the social system of symbolic violence is implemented through the discursive implications and is carried out in two ways - through the textual and non-textual resources.

scholarly journals Migrants and 'Patria'. The imagined community of the radical left in Spain

Teknokultura ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josep Lobera
Keyword(s):  
Radical Right ◽  
Imagined Community ◽  
Constitutional Patriotism ◽  
The Core ◽  
The People ◽  
Original Dataset ◽  
The Social ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Radical Left

The emergence of inclusive populist parties disputes the social construction of the ‘people’ to the exclusive populism, recently generating new academic debates. Do the new radical left parties have a nationalist character? Are populism and nationalism two inseparable dimensions? Drawing on an original dataset in Spain, this article shows that Podemos’ supporters are significantly less nationalist, expressing more open attitudes towards cultural diversity and immigration, and lower levels of Spanishness than voters from other parties. Arguably, Podemos operates as an antagonistic political option to the traditional positions of the populist radical right (PRR), building an inclusive imagined community around a type of constitutional patriotism or republican populism. These findings contribute to the scholar debate on the relationship of nationalism and populism, bringing to discussion the core values of the supporters of a populist party as a complementary element to its categorization.

scholarly journals Relationship of Interfaith in Tunisia (Critical Study of Ibn ‘Ashur Tafsir W.1973)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amiur Nuruddin ◽  
Ahmad Qarib ◽  
Azwani L ◽  
Muhammad Faisal Hamdani
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Religion And Politics ◽  
Critical Study ◽  
Interfaith Relations ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
The People ◽  
Political Relations ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Relations between Muslims and non-Muslims will often experience disruption / friction if not addressed wisely, especially in terms of social politics, the order of social life. In Islam, Religion and Politics two things are difficult to separate. This often becomes a polemic to produce many interpretations and frictions in various regions and majority Muslim countries. Interpretation of the Qur'anic verses relating to religious and political relations also has a variety of colors and patterns which in the end can also produce identity theory in the practice of life. This paper aims to look at the opinion of Ibn Atsur in terms of the relationship / relationship between Islam and non-Islam, in what way and practice how Muslims and non-Muslims can work together and coexist and in terms of what and how they should be separated. Writing that uses this character qualitative method tries to look at the data based on Ibn Atsur's interpretation in his book "al-Tahr r wa al-Tanwir" and is combined with his political attitude described in his books and scientific books which tell him about him in facing the political situation in Tunisia. In interpreting the verses relating to interfaith relations, Ibn Atsur looks more broadly giving freedom to non-Muslims. For example in interpreting Qs. Al-Mumtahanah verse 8-9 he said the reason for the prohibition of doing good to non-Muslims was hostility and in conditions of war "Religion" not other than that. Reasons other than religion cannot be justified in not doing good to non-Muslims and may do good to non-Muslims in all forms of goodness that are related to muamalah and relations between people. Even in terms of this flexibility politics also caused Ibn Atsur to face mass slander by being considered a supporter of the invaders for supporting dual citizenship in Tunisia and not at all suspicious of the French-Catholic colonialism when he appointed him Shaykh al-Isla Christian development in Tunisa. In other cases, Ibn ‘Ashur also displays a different attitude with other interpreters. In an interpretation of QS. Al-Maidah: [54], he said that it was not permissible to appoint Christian and Jewish leaders because of their religious differences. He added that making Jews and Christians as leaders could cause someone to get out of Islam (apostasy). Even in his political stance, Ibn Atsur once said that non-Muslims should not be made members of Shura or Majilis (Parliament, a type of DPR-MPR) on the grounds that they would never think of the religious interests of Muslims. Thus Ibn Atsur has an ambiguous attitude and changes in interpretation and progressive attitude by some scientists call him seeing the situation and the condition of the people he faces (dialectic).

Between Acculturation and Conversion

2013 ◽  
pp. 257-293
Author(s):  
Natalie Naimark-Goldberg
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Religious Conversion ◽  
World View ◽  
Jewish People ◽  
German Society ◽  
Jewish Women ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The Social ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter describes the relationship of the enlightened Jewish women to Judaism and to religion in general, including their attitude to conversion to Christianity. One of the most significant features of the act of conversion in the case of these Jewish women is the fact that, for them, it came in most cases at a relatively advanced age, despite the fact that their close involvement with German society and culture had started years before, in their teens or early twenties. All these women, then, spent many years distancing themselves in practice from the traditional Jewish way of life, blurring the borders that separated the Jewish and Christian worlds. During those years, they usually lived as non-observant Jews, who gradually abandoned Jewish practices but nevertheless remained affiliated to the Jewish people. As such, despite the indisputable importance of religious conversion, in most cases, the act itself did not mark a decisive point of departure in either the social life or the world-view of these women. The act of conversion constituted not a sudden leap from one world to another so much as one more step in a continuing process of acculturation in German society and alienation from the Jewish world.

Psychocorrectional Activity Of A Practicing Psychologist In The Coordination Of Self-Assessment At A Young School Age

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 658-663
Author(s):  
Suleimanova Tukhtakhon Gaynazarovna ◽  
◽  
Yakubova Hayotkhon Abdukakhorovna ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Self Regulation ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Self ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Further Development

Self-esteem is central to personal education. The social environment directly affects the formation of self-esteem. While functioning, it affects human behavior, self-regulation and is influenced by the values of the individual. Self-esteem is a complex education that includes both intellectual and emotional components. Many experts believe that self-esteem is not only a person's assessment of himself, but also his place among the people around him. Accordingly, it affects the relationship of a person with others, the effectiveness of his activities and the further development of the personality.

Armenian Lavash

2020 ◽  
pp. 141-148
Author(s):  
Сергей Александрович Арутюнов ◽  
Юрий Исраэлович Мкртумян
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Beliefs ◽  
Anthropological Perspective ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

В настоящей статье авторы рассматривают в антропологическом ключе такую составляющую армянской алиментарной культуры, как лаваш, представляющий собой не только наиболее потребляемый и излюбленный, но и ставящийся наиболее высоко с точки зрения статусности вид хлеба, к тому же окруженный целым рядом этикетных и сакральных коннотаций. Авторы скрупулезно исследуют весь цикл производства лаваша: уделяют пристальное внимание структуре очагов-тониров, детально анализируют технологию процессов подготовки теста и выпечки, рассматривают социальные и этнографические аспекты этой практики, сотрудничество и взаимодействие лиц, выпекающих лаваш, взаимосвязь лаваша с другими видами пищи, многочисленные табу и поверья, связанные с выпечкой этого вида хлеба. Не меньшее внимание уделяется эмпирике и особенностям употребления лаваша, его полифункциональности на пиршественном столе и роли «съедобной утвари». Особое место в исследовании занимает освещение обрядности, связанной с лавашем, его места в традиционных верованиях армян и знаковости в локальном мировидении населения. In this article, the authors consider lavash from an anthropological perspective. Lavash is not only the most consumed and favorite component of Armenian alimentary culture but is higher than all other types of bread in status, possessing a multitude of sacred connotations and features of etiquette. The authors investigate the entire cycle of lavash production: they examine the structure of earthen ovens (tonir); analyze the technology of dough preparation and baking; consider the social and ethnographic aspects of these practices, including the cooperation and interaction of the people who make lavash; discuss the relationship of lavash to other types of food; and describe numerous taboos and beliefs associated with baking lavash. No less attention is paid to the use of lavash, its polyfunctionality on the banquet table and its role as an “edible utensil.” The authors also pay special attention to the rites associated with lavash, its place in the traditional beliefs of Armenians and its significance in their local worldview.

Theory and Practice in Marx and Marxism

1982 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 157-176
Author(s):  
Richard Kilminster
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Labour Movement ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Soviet Marxism ◽  
The Social ◽  
Science And Politics ◽  
The Relationship

The identification of theory and practice is a critical act, through which practice is demonstrated rational and necessary, and theory realistic and rational (Antonio Gramsci).In contemporary sociological and political theory the opposition of theory and practice refers to a number of aspects of the relationship between theories of various kinds and social life. It can refer, for example, to the relationships between the various sciences (particularly the social sciences) and their ‘objects’, between scientific knowledge and its necessary practical applications and broadly between social science and politics. Many Marxist writings since Lenin attempt to unite those three levels in a theory of the total society with a practical intent. This theory is intended to inform practical political activity in order radically to change the complex of social institutions which make the theory itself possible, in this way abolishing the theory in practice. That theory and practice in this sense can inseparably inform each other in this way within the politics of the labour movement, is one meaning in Soviet Marxism of the phrase ‘the unity of theory and practice’.

scholarly journals Indigenous Security Measures in Can-eo and Talubin, Northern Philippines

2019 ◽  
pp. 68-76
Author(s):  
Dr. Claire Kaplaan P. Lafadchan
Keyword(s):  
World View ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Individual Protection ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Gathering Data ◽  
Mountain Province

This paper showcases the indigenous security measures practiced in Barangay Can-eo and Barangay Talubin at Bontoc, Mountain Province. This qualitative research used interviews in gathering data that were supported with library research. This study explored on the effectiveness and contributions of the ritualistic and non-ritualistic security measures to individual safety and security of the community. It also exposes the relationship of the identified indigenous security measures to the Bontoc indigenous world view. It was found in the study that the ritualistic and non-ritualistic security measures in Barangay Can-eo and Barangay Talubin are effective and some are still being used and observed until today. The indigenous security measures are part of the relationship they have with nature, their environment and towards each other. It is a composite understanding and respect on how they deal with peace and order. It is concluded in this study that “Rituals emphasize the relationships between [Bontoc] farmers, the biophysical world, the social world and the supernatural world,” June Prill-Brett (2016, 101-111). Despite the changing dynamics of safety and security in the present time due to the sophistication of technology, education and modernity, the indigenous security measures still exist in Barangays Can-eo and Talubin because of the deep-seated respect that the people demonstrate on the rituals and non-ritualistic symbols and archetypes. The indigenous security measures reinforce community trust in relation to property and individual protection as well as community fortification.

Language as a means of law expressing: theoretical principles

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-69
Author(s):  
Andrii Liashuk
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Legal Information ◽  
Legal Literature ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Law ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Everyday Communication ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

Purpose. The purpose of the paper is to formulate the theoretical foundations of the usage of the language as the main means of the law expression. Methodics. The methodics involves a comprehensive analysis and generalization of the available regulatory material and scientific positions and the formulation of the relevant problematic aspects of the law language because, it is based on the language of everyday communication, but at the same time it serves certain business purposes. During the research the following methods of scientific cognition were used: dialectical, hermeneutic, historical-legal, systemic and formal-legal one. These methods allow form the theoretical foundations of the language as a means of the law expression. Results. In the course of the research it has been stated that the language of the law is a system in which language is a means of the realization of all spheres of the social life, including the legal one, because the legal reality as a reflection of reality is inconceivable without the language. The former is the material carrier of the subject. Without language, all the factors common in the legal literature will remain far from reality, as they will not reflect modern socio-cultural processes. It is determined that traditionally the language of law is perceived as no more than a means of communicating legal information to the addressee. However, it is a more complex phenomenon than just a means of transmitting information. In general, language is the only way to access mental processes: it captures the experience of mankind, its thinking and, as a consequence, language is a mechanism of cognition. At the same time, legal language, “serving” the legal life of society with its resources, becomes it’s kind of cognitive reflection. Scientific novelty. In the course of the research the problematic aspects of the functioning of the language of law in the general language system have been established as socially and historically conditioned system of ways and rules of verbal expression of concepts and categories, developed and used to regulate the relationship of subjects in the legal life of society. Practical importance. The results of the study can be used to improve the mechanism of the application of the language of law in law-making, law-interpreting, law enforcement spheres.

War and Social Policy1

2018 ◽  
pp. 44-53
Author(s):  
Richard M. Titmuss
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Effects Of War ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Modern War ◽  
The Way

This chapter focuses on the relationship of war and social policy. So far as the story of modern war before 1939 is concerned, little has been recorded in any systematic way about the social arid economic effects of war on the population as a whole. Only long and patient research in out-of-the-way documentary places can reveal something of the characteristics and flavour of social life during the experience of wars in the past. In discussing social policy, the chapter pertains to those acts of governments deliberately designed and taken to improve the welfare of the civil population in time of war. It also asks whether there were any recorded accounts of the movement of civilian populations in past wars as a calculated element in war strategy.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document