Socialist Geography
The production of knowledge is a political act. As such, geographical knowledge reflects and embodies the material conditions and social relations existing at the time of its production. This recognition serves as our point of intellectual engagement with Geography in America at the Dawn of the Twenty-First Century and provides the framework within which we interpret a number of changes within “socialist” geography during the 1990s. Thus, in this chapter we do not subscribe to a progressivist account of intellectual practice, one that proposes a model of social progress towards an ultimate “truth” through the teleology of reason, technology, production, and so on. Rather, our review of socialist geography in this chapter is a problematizing and contextualizing one, a treatment that seeks to remain open to both historical transformation and geographical particularity, and to the recognition that knowledge production is a discursive act that is inherently reflective of power relations. Believing that the production of knowledge and the creation of a more just society are inextricably linked processes, leftist geographers have historically sought to challenge those bodies of knowledge that maintain (implicitly or explicitly) the current economic and political structures of society that favor the haves over the have-nots, encourage environmental destruction in the pursuit of profit, foster racism and patriarchal systems of living, and generally reinforce social inequality and hinder the pursuit of social justice. Drawing precisely upon this notion that the production of knowledge is a political act, socialist geographers in the late 1960s came together to “promote critical analysis of geographic phenomena, cognizant of geographic research on the well-being of social classes; to investigate the issue of radical change toward a more collective society; and to discover the impact of economic growth upon environmental quality and upon social equity” (Socialist Geography Specialty Group 1999). Although the broad political goals of the Socialist Geography Specialty Group (SGSG) have not changed since the 1960s, the fact that the world has been transformed dramatically in the interceding years means that the focus and approaches adopted by leftist geographers within the AAG (and elsewhere) have, of necessity, evolved to meet these challenges and new realities.